Julia 的@。宏和二元运算符

Question

据我所知，以下应该是等效的:

julia> rand(2).^2
2-element Array{Float64,1}:
 0.164246
 0.47107 

julia> @. rand(2)^2
ERROR: DimensionMismatch("Cannot multiply two vectors")
Stacktrace:
 [1] power_by_squaring(::Array{Float64,1}, ::Int64) at ./intfuncs.jl:169
 [2] broadcast(::##65#66) at ./sysimg.jl:86

这个也一样:

julia> 1./rand(2)
2-element Array{Float64,1}:
 1.93886
 3.01834

julia> @. 1/rand(2)
ERROR: MethodError: no method matching /(::Int64, ::Array{Float64,1})
Closest candidates are:
  /(::PyCall.PyObject, ::Any) at /home/simon/.julia/v0.6/PyCall/src/pyoperators.jl:11
  /(::Union{Int128, Int16, Int32, Int64, Int8, UInt128, UInt16, UInt32, UInt64, UInt8}, ::Union{Int128, Int16, Int32, Int64, Int8, UInt128, UInt16, UInt32, UInt64, UInt8}) at int.jl:38
  /(::Union{Int16, Int32, Int64, Int8, UInt16, UInt32, UInt64, UInt8}, ::BigInt) at gmp.jl:381
  ...
Stacktrace:
 [1] broadcast(::##69#70) at ./sysimg.jl:86

我到底做错了什么？

Answer 1

help?> @.

@. expr

Convert every function call or operator in expr into a "dot call" (e.g. convert f(x) to f.(x)), and convert every assignment in expr to a "dot assignment" (e.g. convert += to .+=).

If you want to avoid adding dots for selected function calls in expr, splice those function calls in with $.

For example, @. sqrt(abs($sort(x))) is equivalent to sqrt.(abs.(sort(x))) (no dot for sort).

问题是这样你也在广播 rand , @.宏适用于所有函数调用，包括二元运算符调用(即 1 + 1 被解析为 +(1, 1) )

使用 @macroexpand宏以便查看宏调用的结果表达式。

插入您不想使用 $(f(x)) 广播的函数调用 ( @. ) .

julia> @macroexpand @. rand(2)^2
:(^.(rand.(2), 2))    # same as: rand.(2).^2

julia> eval(ans)
ERROR: DimensionMismatch("Cannot multiply two vectors")

julia> @macroexpand @. $(rand(2))^2
:(^.(rand(2), 2))  # same as: rand(2).^2

julia> eval(ans)
2-element Array{Float64,1}:
 0.26266
 0.326033

julia> @macroexpand @. 1 / rand(2)
:(/.(1, rand.(2)))    # same as: 1 ./ rand.(2)

julia> eval(ans)
ERROR: MethodError: no method matching /(::Int64, ::Array{Float64,1})

julia> @macroexpand @. 1 / $(rand(2))
:(/.(1, rand(2)))    # same as: 1 ./ rand(2)

julia> eval(ans)
2-element Array{Float64,1}:
 37.1023
  1.08004