build - 什么是构建工具？

Question

在过去的 4 年里，我一直在使用 Eclipse(针对 Java)和 Visual Studio Express(针对 C#)进行编程。提到的 IDE 似乎总是提供程序员可能要求的所有功能(当然与编程相关)。

最近我听说了一种叫做“构建工具”的东西。我听说它们几乎用于所有类型的现实世界开发中。它们到底是什么？它们旨在解决什么问题？为什么在过去的四年里我从来不需要它们？它们是一种命令行精简的 IDE 吗？

Answer 1

什么是构建工具？

Build tools are programs that automate the creation of executableapplications from source code (e.g., .apk for an Android app). Buildingincorporates compiling,linking and packaging the code into a usable orexecutable form.

Basically build automation is the act of scripting or automating awide variety of tasks that software developers do in their day-to-dayactivities like:

1. Downloading dependencies.
2. Compiling source code into binary code.
3. Packaging that binary code.
4. Running tests.
5. Deployment to production systems.

我们为什么要使用构建工具或构建自动化？

In small projects, developers will often manually invoke the buildprocess. This is not practical for larger projects, where it is veryhard to keep track of what needs to be built, in what sequence andwhat dependencies there are in the building process. Using anautomation tool allows the build process to be more consistent.

可用的各种构建工具(仅举几例):

1. For java - Ant,Maven,Gradle.
2. For .NET framework - NAnt
3. c# - MsBuild.

要进一步阅读，您可以引用以下链接:

1.Build automation

2.List of build automation software

谢谢。