python - 如何组合两个不同模型的字段并创建 ModelSerializer

Question

我有两个模型 CustomUser 和 UserProfile。

class CustomUser(AbstractBaseUser, PermissionsMixin):
    email = models.EmailField(_('email address'), max_length=254, unique=True, blank=True)
    first_name = models.CharField(_('first name'), max_length=30, blank=True)
    last_name = models.CharField(_('last name'), max_length=30, blank=True)

class UserProfile(models.Model):
    user = models.OneToOneField(CustomUser, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    owner_of = models.CharField(max_length=100, blank=True)
    total_years= models.CharField(_('In Current Profession Since'),max_length=100,blank=True, null=True)

序列化器.py:

class AccountSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = CustomUser
        fields = ('id', 'email','first_name', 'last_name',)

class ProfileSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    user = AccountSerializer(read_only=True,required=False)
    class Meta:
        model = UserProfile
        fields = ('user','owner_of','total_years','first_name','last_name','email')

我得到的错误“字段名称 first_name 对于模型 UserProfile 无效。”

如何组合两个模型字段并实现创建和更新功能

Answer 1

你的profileserializer应该是这样的，

class ProfileSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    user = AccountSerializer(required=True)
    class Meta:
        model = UserProfile
        fields=('user','owner_of','total_years')

结果是这样的，

{
    {
        "user":
         {
               "id: ...,
               "first_name": ...,
               "last_name": ...,
               "email": ...
          },
          "owner_of": ...,
          "total_years" ...
     },
     ...
}

More detailed explanation is here .

By default nested serializers are read-only. If you want to support write-operations to a nested serializer field you'll need to create create() and/or update() methods in order to explicitly specify how the child relationships should be saved.

class ProfileSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    user = AccountSerializer(required=True)
    class Meta:
        model = UserProfile
        fields=('user','owner_of','total_years')

    def create(self, validated_data):
        user_data = validated_data.pop('user')
        user= CustomUser.objects.create(**user_data)
        user_profile=UserProfile.objects.create(user=user, **validated_data)
        return user_profile

    def update(self, instance, validated_data):
        user_data = validated_data.pop('user', None)
        user = instance.user
        instance.owner_of = validated_data.get("owner_of", instance.owner_of)
        instance.total_years= validated_data.get("total_years", instance.total_years)
        instance.save()
        if user_data:
            user.first_name = user_data.get("first_name", user.first_name)
            user.last_name = user_data.get("last_name", user.last_name)
            user.email= user_data.get("email", user.email)
            user.save()