javascript - ajax 调用中不存在所需的防伪表单字段 “__RequestVerificationToken”

Question

我在 Controller 中有以下方法

[HttpPost]
[Authorize(Roles ="Klient")]
[ValidateAntiForgeryToken]
public ActionResult GetAvaiableHouses(DateTime startDate, DateTime endDate)
{
    Session.Remove("Reservation");
    IEnumerable <SelectListItem> avaiableHouses = repository.GetAllNamesAvaiableHouses(repository.GetAvaiableHousesInTerm(startDate, endDate));

    List<string> houses = new List<string>();
    avaiableHouses.ToList().ForEach(item => houses.Add(item.Value));

    if(avaiableHouses.ToList().Count == 0)
    {
        return new EmptyResult();
    }

    Session["Reservation"] = new NewReservation()
    {
        StartDate = startDate,
        EndDate = endDate,
        AvaiableHouses = avaiableHouses
    };

    return PartialView("~/Views/Shared/_AvaiableHousesPartial.cshtml", houses);
}

该方法是通过View.cshtml中的ajax脚本调用的

$(function () {
    $("#btnCheckAvaiableHouses").click(function () {

        $.ajax({
            type: "POST",
            url: "/ClientReservations/GetAvaiableHouses",
            data: '{startDate: "' + $("#startdate").val() + '",endDate:"' + $("#enddate").val() + '",__RequestVerificationToken:"' + $('input[name=__RequestVerificationToken]').val() +'"  }',
            contentType: "application/json; charset=utf-8",
            dataType: "text",
            success: function (response) {
                $('#avaiableHouses').html(response)
                if (!$('#avaiableHouses').is(':empty')) {
                    document.getElementById("btnConfirmTerm").style.visibility = 'visible';
                }
                else {
                    $('#avaiableHouses').html('Brak dostępnych domków w podanym terminie')
                }
            },
            failure: function (response) {
                alert(response.responseText);
            },
            error: function (response) {
                alert(response.responseText);
            }
        });
    });
});

这是调用此脚本的按钮部分

<div class="form-group">
    <div class="col-md-offset-2 col-md-10">
        <input type="button" id="btnCheckAvaiableHouses" value="Sprawdź dostępność domków" class="btn btn-default" /> 
        <input type="button" id="btnConfirmTerm" value="Potwierdź termin" onclick="location.href='@Url.Action("Create", "ClientReservations")'"  class="btn btn-default" style="visibility:hidden" />
    </div>
</div>

我添加了附加参数

'",__RequestVerificationToken:"' + $('input[name=__RequestVerificationToken]').val() 

进入ajax脚本，但在执行过程中我仍然收到错误

,__RequestVerificationToken is not present.

可能是什么原因？

Answer 1

如果您对数据进行字符串化并使用 contentType: 'application/json，则将 token 添加到 ajax header 中，例如

var headers = { __RequestVerificationToken: $('input[name="__RequestVerificationToken"]').val() };

$.ajax({
    headers: headers,
    data: ... // remove the token from your existing implementation
    ....
});

然后您需要创建一个自定义FilterAttribute来读取标题中的值

[AttributeUsage(AttributeTargets.Method | AttributeTargets.Class, AllowMultiple = false, Inherited = true)]
public sealed class ValidateHeaderAntiForgeryTokenAttribute : FilterAttribute, IAuthorizationFilter
{
    public void OnAuthorization(AuthorizationContext filterContext)
    {
        if (filterContext == null)
        {
            throw new ArgumentNullException("filterContext");
        }

        var httpContext = filterContext.HttpContext;
        var cookie = httpContext.Request.Cookies[AntiForgeryConfig.CookieName];
        AntiForgery.Validate(cookie != null ? cookie.Value : null, httpContext.Request.Headers["__RequestVerificationToken"]);
    }
}

并在您的 Controller 方法中，将 [ValidateAntiForgeryToken] 替换为 [ValidateHeaderAntiForgeryToken]

但是，没有必要对数据进行字符串化，您可以使用

var data = {
    startDate: $("#startdate").val(),
    endDate: $("#enddate").val(),
    __RequestVerificationToken: $('input[name=__RequestVerificationToken]').val()
};

$.ajax({
    data: data,
    ....
});

并删除 contentType 选项，以便它使用默认的 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded;字符集=UTF-8'

您尚未显示表单，假设它包含 @Html.AntiForgeryToken() 和 @Html.TextBoxFor(m => m.startDate) 和 @Html.TextBoxFor(m => m.endDate) 来生成带有 name="startDate" 和 name="endDate" 的表单控件，然后你可以简单地使用

var data = $('form').serialize();

$.ajax({
    data: data,
    ....
});

序列化所有表单控件(包括 token )