python - tensorflow 安装正确，但在导入 tensorflow 为 tf 时出现错误 "ImportError: No module named ' _pywrap_tensorflow_internal'

Question

我按照此处的说明使用两个安装选项(使用 anaconda 虚拟环境以及直接使用 python 安装)正确安装了tensorflow https://www.tensorflow.org/install/install_windows

每次我看到这个错误时:

C:\Windows\System32>python
Python 3.5.3 (v3.5.3:1880cb95a742, Jan 16 2017, 16:02:32) [MSC v.1900 64 bit (AM
D64)] on win32
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import tensorflow

    Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Python\Python353\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\pywrap_tensorflow_internal.py", line 18, in swig_import_helper    
  return importlib.import_module(mname)
  File "C:\Python\Python353\lib\importlib\__init__.py", line 126, in import_module
    return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 986, in _gcd_import
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 969, in _find_and_load
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 958, in _find_and_load_unlocked
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 666, in _load_unlocked
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 577, in module_from_spec
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>", line 914, in create_module
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 222, in _call_with_frames_removed
ImportError: DLL load failed with error code -1073741795

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Python\Python353\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\pywrap_tensorflow.py", line 58, in <module>
    from tensorflow.python.pywrap_tensorflow_internal import *
  File "C:\Python\Python353\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\pywrap_tensorflow_internal.py", line 21, in <module>
    _pywrap_tensorflow_internal = swig_import_helper()
  File "C:\Python\Python353\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\pywrap_tensorflow_internal.py", line 20, in swig_import_helper
    return importlib.import_module('_pywrap_tensorflow_internal')
  File "C:\Python\Python353\lib\importlib\__init__.py", line 126, in import_module
    return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
ImportError: No module named '_pywrap_tensorflow_internal'

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
  File "C:\Python\Python353\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\__init__.py", line 24,in <module>
    from tensorflow.python import *
  File "C:\Python\Python353\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\__init__.py", line 49, in <module>
    from tensorflow.python import pywrap_tensorflow
  File "C:\Python\Python353\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\pywrap_tensorflow.py", line 74, in <module>
    raise ImportError(msg)
ImportError: Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Python\Python353\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\pywrap_tensorflow_internal.py", line 18, in swig_import_helper
    return importlib.import_module(mname)
  File "C:\Python\Python353\lib\importlib\__init__.py", line 126, in import_module
    return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 986, in _gcd_import
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 969, in _find_and_load
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 958, in _find_and_load_unlocked
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 666, in _load_unlocked
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 577, in module_from_spec
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>", line 914, in create_module
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 222, in _call_with_frames_removed
ImportError: DLL load failed with error code -1073741795

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Python\Python353\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\pywrap_tensorflow.py", line 58, in <module>
    from tensorflow.python.pywrap_tensorflow_internal import *
  File "C:\Python\Python353\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\pywrap_tensorflow_internal.py", line 21, in <module>
    _pywrap_tensorflow_internal = swig_import_helper()
  File "C:\Python\Python353\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\pywrap_tensorflow_internal.py", line 20, in swig_import_helper    return importlib.import_module('_pywrap_tensorflow_internal')
  File "C:\Python\Python353\lib\importlib\__init__.py", line 126, in import_module
    return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
ImportError: No module named '_pywrap_tensorflow_internal'


Failed to load the native TensorFlow runtime.

See https://www.tensorflow.org/install/install_sources#common_installation_problems

for some common reasons and solutions.  Include the entire stack trace above this error message when asking for help.
>>>

我正在 Windows 7 上使用 cuda 9.0 和 cuDNN64_7.dll、MSVCP140.dll 在我的 PATH 变量中正确安装最新的tensorflow cpu版本。在我放弃之前，我尝试过 python 3.6.4 (64bit)、3.5.2(64bit) 和 3.5.3(64bit)。

*注意 - 还查看了该页面上列出的所有常见安装问题。但运气不佳。*

Answer 1

经过几个小时的挖掘，以下事情起作用了:

1. 安装 CUDA 8.0 和
2. cuDNN 5.1，

3. 将我的 Tensorflow 安装从 1.6 降级到 1.5.1[用户关注答案install tensorflow with specific version on Anaconda

4. 添加以下路径变量

C:\Program Files\NVIDIA GPU 计算工具包\CUDA\v8.0\extras\CUPTI\libx64
C:\Program Files\NVIDIA GPU 计算工具包\CUDA\v8.0\lib\x64