python - token 名称 'app' 未定义。 flask

Question

我正在尝试使用工厂设计模式实现 flask 应用程序。由于此错误，无法运行应用程序

127.0.0.1 - - [24/Jun/2018 18:07:14] "OPTIONS /api/v1/users/register HTTP/1.1" 200 -
token name 'app' is not defined
127.0.0.1 - - [24/Jun/2018 18:07:15] "POST /api/v1/users/register HTTP/1.1" 500 -
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/home/jacobo/.local/share/virtualenvs/alen-yVjuFfoa/lib/python3.5/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 2309, in __call__ 
    return self.wsgi_app(environ, start_response)
  File "/home/jacobo/.local/share/virtualenvs/alen-yVjuFfoa/lib/python3.5/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 2295, in wsgi_app 
    response = self.handle_exception(e)
  File "/home/jacobo/.local/share/virtualenvs/alen-yVjuFfoa/lib/python3.5/site-packages/flask_cors/extension.py", line 161, in wrapped_function 
    return cors_after_request(app.make_response(f(*args, **kwargs)))
  File "/home/jacobo/.local/share/virtualenvs/alen-yVjuFfoa/lib/python3.5/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 1741, in handle_exception 
    reraise(exc_type, exc_value, tb)
  File "/home/jacobo/.local/share/virtualenvs/alen-yVjuFfoa/lib/python3.5/site-packages/flask/_compat.py", line 35, in reraise 
    raise value
  File "/home/jacobo/.local/share/virtualenvs/alen-yVjuFfoa/lib/python3.5/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 2292, in wsgi_app 
    response = self.full_dispatch_request()
  File "/home/jacobo/.local/share/virtualenvs/alen-yVjuFfoa/lib/python3.5/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 1815, in full_dispatch_request 
    rv = self.handle_user_exception(e)
  File "/home/jacobo/.local/share/virtualenvs/alen-yVjuFfoa/lib/python3.5/site-packages/flask_cors/extension.py", line 161, in wrapped_function 
    return cors_after_request(app.make_response(f(*args, **kwargs)))
  File "/home/jacobo/.local/share/virtualenvs/alen-yVjuFfoa/lib/python3.5/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 1718, in handle_user_exception  reraise(exc_type, exc_value, tb)
  File "/home/jacobo/.local/share/virtualenvs/alen-yVjuFfoa/lib/python3.5/site-packages/flask/_compat.py", line 35, in 
    reraise raise value
  File "/home/jacobo/.local/share/virtualenvs/alen-yVjuFfoa/lib/python3.5/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 1813, in full_dispatch_request 
    rv = self.dispatch_request()
  File "/home/jacobo/.local/share/virtualenvs/alen-yVjuFfoa/lib/python3.5/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 1799, in dispatch_request 
    return self.view_functions[rule.endpoint](**req.view_args)
  File "/mnt/c/Users/Jacobo/Projects/alen/server/users/api.py", line 25, in register 
   'token': token.decode()
AttributeError: 'NameError' object has no attribute 'decode'

我的项目结构如下:

/ myapp
  /users
    api.py
    models.py
  app.py
  database.py
  extensions.py
  settings.py
run.py

我认为问题是应用程序无法识别应用程序配置。但我不知道如何让它发挥作用。

app.py

from flask import Flask, render_template
from server import users
from server.extensions import bcrypt, db, migrate, cors
from server.settings import DevConfig


def create_app(config_object=DevConfig):
    app = Flask(__name__,
                static_folder="../frontend/public",
                template_folder="../frontend/public")
    app.config.from_object(config_object)
    register_extensions(app)
    register_blueprints(app)
    return app


def register_extensions(app):
    bcrypt.init_app(app)
    db.init_app(app)
    migrate.init_app(app, db)
    cors.init_app(app)
    return None


def register_blueprints(app):
    app.register_blueprint(users.api.blueprint)
    return None

settings.py

import os


class Config(object):

    SECRET_KEY = 'p9Bv<3Eid9%$i01'
    APP_DIR = os.path.abspath(os.path.dirname(__file__))  # This directory
    PROJECT_ROOT = os.path.abspath(os.path.join(APP_DIR, os.pardir))
    BCRYPT_LOG_ROUNDS = 13
    DEBUG_TB_ENABLED = False 
    DEBUG_TB_INTERCEPT_REDIRECTS = False
    SQLALCHEMY_TRACK_MODIFICATIONS = False
    SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI = database


class ProdConfig(Config):
    ENV = 'prod'
    DEBUG = False
    DEBUG_TB_ENABLED = False  

class DevConfig(Config):
    ENV = 'dev'
    DEBUG = True
    DEBUG_TB_ENABLED = True

/users/api.py

from flask import Blueprint, jsonify, request, make_response
from .models import User
from server.extensions import db
from sqlalchemy.exc import IntegrityError

blueprint = Blueprint('user', __name__, url_prefix='/api/v1/users')


@blueprint.route("/register", methods=['POST'])
def register():
    data = request.get_json()
    user = User.query.filter_by(email=data.get('email')).first()
    if not user:
            user = User(
                email=data["email"],
                password=data["password"]
            )
            db.session.add(user)
            db.session.commit()
            token = user.encode_auth_token(user.id)
            print('token', token)
            responseObject = {
                'status': 'success',
                'message': 'Succesfully registered.',
                'token': token.decode()
            }
            return make_response(jsonify(responseObject)), 201

    else:
        responseObject = {
            'status': 'fail',
            'message': 'User already exists. Please log in.'
        }
        return make_response(jsonify(responseObject)), 202

/users/models.py

import datetime as dt
import jwt

from server.database import Column, Model, SurrogatePK
from server.database import db, reference_col, relationship
from server.extensions import bcrypt


class Role(SurrogatePK, Model):

    __tablename__ = 'roles'
    name = Column(db.String(80), unique=True, nullable=False)
    user_id = reference_col('users', nullable=True)
    user = relationship('User', backref='roles')

    def __init__(self, name, **kwargs):
        db.Model.__init__(self, name=name, **kwargs)

    def __repr__(self):
        """Represent instance as a unique string."""
        return '<Role({name})>'.format(name=self.name)


class User(SurrogatePK, Model):

    __tablename__ = 'users'
    email = Column(db.String(80), unique=True, nullable=False)
    password = Column(db.String(255), nullable=True)
    created_at = Column(db.DateTime, nullable=False,
                        default=dt.datetime.utcnow)
    active = Column(db.Boolean(), default=False)
    is_admin = Column(db.Boolean(), default=False)

    def __init__(self, email, password=None, **kwargs):
        db.Model.__init__(self, email=email, **kwargs)
        if password:
            self.set_password(password)
        else:
            self.password = None

    def set_password(self, password):
        self.password = bcrypt.generate_password_hash(password).decode()

    def check_password(self, value):
        return bcrypt.check_password_hash(self.password, value)

    def __repr__(self):
        return '<User({email!r})>'.format(email=self.email)

    def encode_auth_token(self, user_id):
        try:
            payload = {
                'exp': dt.datetime.utcnow() + dt.timedelta(days=0, seconds=5),
                'iat': dt.datetime.utcnow(),
                'sub': user_id
            }
            return jwt.encode(
                payload,
                app.config.get('SECRET_KEY'),
                algorithm='HS256'
            )
        except Exception as e:
            return e

    @staticmethod
    def decode_auth_token(auth_token):
        """
        Validates the auth token
        :param auth_token:
        :return: integer|string
        """
        try:
            payload = jwt.decode(auth_token, app.config.get('SECRET_KEY'))
            is_blacklisted_token = BlacklistToken.check_blacklist(auth_token)
            if is_blacklisted_token:
                return 'Token blacklisted. Please log in again.'
            else:
                return payload['sub']
        except jwt.ExpiredSignatureError:
            return 'Signature expired. Please log in again.'
        except jwt.InvalidTokenError:
            return 'Invalid token. Please log in again.'

提前致谢

Answer 1

问题很清楚，与 Flask 本身无关。

  File "/mnt/c/Users/Jacobo/Projects/alen/server/users/api.py", line 25, in register 
   'token': token.decode()
AttributeError: 'NameError' object has no attribute 'decode'

对象token不是具有解码的东西(我假设它应该是字节)；它是一个 NameError 对象。

如果我们追溯到 token 的来源，它来自您的 defencode_auth_token(self, user_id): 函数 – 问题是任何异常都是 < em>返回而不是被正确处理(或者更确切地说，没有处理，所以他们会引发异常):

    except Exception as e:
        return e

我建议完全删除该异常处理，以便您可以找到根本原因(例如SECRET_KEY必须是字节，而不是字符串，但您会发现这一点) .