python - 如何将 matplotlib 编辑选项卡添加到 Canvas 中显示的 seaborn 图中？

Question

当在 gui 中集成绘图并使用 Canvas 时，我的绘图在我只有“plt.show()”时得到的绘图底部没有编辑选项卡。如何将左侧图中的底部编辑选项卡添加到右侧图中？

编辑(一旦实现了工具栏，但仍然存在一些问题):

我使用堆叠布局在窗口之间切换。下面完整显示的两个函数是负责窗口的下拉菜单和绘图，并在选择新的下拉选项时更新绘图。

工具栏基于 https://matplotlib.org/gallery/user_interfaces/embedding_in_qt_sgskip.html (感谢欧内斯特的重要性)

简化代码(可以单独运行): 导入系统

from PyQt5.QtGui import *
from PyQt5.QtCore import *
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import *

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from matplotlib.backends.backend_qt5agg import FigureCanvasQTAgg as FigureCanvas
from matplotlib.figure import Figure
from matplotlib.backends.backend_qt5agg import NavigationToolbar2QT as NavToolbar
import seaborn as sns

class MainWindow(QMainWindow):

    def __init__(self, parent=None):
        super(MainWindow, self).__init__(parent)

        self.setWindowTitle("Title Window (not sure)")

        self.stacked_layout = QStackedLayout()
        self.stacked_counter = -1

        self.central_widget = QWidget()
        self.central_widget.setLayout(self.stacked_layout)
        self.setCentralWidget(self.central_widget)

        self.main_window_layout()

    def main_window_layout(self):

        self.bargraph_dropdown_menu_button = QPushButton("Go To Bar Graph DropDown Menu")

        self.main_menu_button_layout = QHBoxLayout()
        self.main_menu_button_layout.addWidget(self.bargraph_dropdown_menu_button)

        self.main_menu_layout = QVBoxLayout()
        self.main_menu_layout.addLayout(self.main_menu_button_layout)

        self.view_main_menu_widget = QWidget()
        self.view_main_menu_widget.setLayout(self.main_menu_layout)

        #connections
        self.bargraph_dropdown_menu_button.clicked.connect(self.dropdown_menu_layout)

        self.stacked_layout.addWidget(self.view_main_menu_widget)
        self.stacked_counter += 1
        self.stacked_layout.setCurrentIndex(self.stacked_counter)


    def dropdown_menu_layout(self):
        self.setMinimumSize(550,350)
        self.setMaximumSize(100000,100000)

        self.homebutton = QPushButton('Back Home')
        self.homebutton.setFixedSize(70,22)

        self.figure = plt.figure(figsize=(15,5))
        self.canvas = FigureCanvas(self.figure)
        def on_resize(event):
            plt.tight_layout()
            self.canvas.draw()
        cid = self.canvas.mpl_connect('resize_event', on_resize)

        self.addToolBar(Qt.BottomToolBarArea, NavToolbar(self.canvas, self))

        sns.set(style="whitegrid")
        plt.cla()
        ax = self.figure.add_subplot(111)
        ax.set_title('Droops and Power System Parameters to Bus Sensitivity', fontweight=1)
        ax.title.set_position([.5, 1.025])
        ax.set_ylabel("Sensitivity", fontweight=1)
        ax.yaxis.labelpad = 15
        plt.tight_layout()
        sns.despine(bottom=False,top=False,left=False,right=False)
        self.canvas.draw()

        self.button_hbox_layout = QHBoxLayout()
        self.button_hbox_layout.addWidget(self.homebutton)
        self.button_hbox_layout.addStretch(1)

        self.dropdown_vbox_layout = QVBoxLayout()
        self.dropdown_vbox_layout.addLayout(self.button_hbox_layout)
        self.dropdown_vbox_layout.addWidget(self.canvas)

        self.view_dropdown_menu_widget = QWidget()
        self.view_dropdown_menu_widget.setLayout(self.dropdown_vbox_layout)

        #connections
        self.homebutton.clicked.connect(self.change_to_main_menu_window)

        self.stacked_layout.addWidget(self.view_dropdown_menu_widget)
        self.stacked_counter += 1
        self.stacked_layout.setCurrentIndex(self.stacked_counter)

    def change_to_main_menu_window(self):
        self.setFixedSize(300,75)
        self.stacked_layout.setCurrentIndex(0)


def main():
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)
    win = MainWindow()
    win.show()
    win.raise_()
    app.exec_()   #sys.exit(app.exec_())

if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

主窗口:

点击“Graph DropDow......”:

点击“返回主页”(应该与第一步中的主窗口相同):

Answer 1

回答最初的问题:

您忘记将导航工具栏添加到 GUI 中。例如。对于 PyQt

matplotlib.backends.backend_qt5agg.NavigationToolbar2QT

或 Tk

matplotlib.backends.backend_tkagg.NavigationToolbar2Tk

等等。您可以引用the examples on the matplotlib page适用于所有可能的 GUI 后端。

添加导航栏的方式取决于所使用的GUI， 这是问题中的 secret ，但您将从相应的示例中找到答案。

回答已编辑的问题:

您正在向窗口添加导航工具栏，而不是 StackedLayout。因此，您需要将其添加到正在使用的布局中，而不是 self.addToolBar(Qt.BottomToolBarArea, NavToolbar(self.canvas, self)) ，

self.dropdown_vbox_layout.addWidget(NavToolbar(self.canvas, self))