python - 尝试播种 YAML 数据时出现 "value must be an integer"

Question

我正在使用 Django 2、Python 3.7 和 django-address 模块 ( https://pypi.org/project/django-address/ )。我正在尝试插入一些种子数据。我有这个 YAML ...

- model: address.locality
  pk: 1
  fields:
    name: "Chicago"
    postal_code: "60053"
    state:
      name: IL
      country:
      - United States

当我运行我的种子命令时

python manage.py loaddata maps/fixtures/seed_data.yaml

我收到这个错误...

localhost:web davea$ python manage.py loaddata maps/fixtures/seed_data.yaml
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/Users/davea/Documents/workspace/chicommons/maps/web/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/db/models/fields/__init__.py", line 923, in to_python
    return int(value)
TypeError: int() argument must be a string, a bytes-like object or a number, not 'dict'

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/Users/davea/Documents/workspace/chicommons/maps/web/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/core/serializers/python.py", line 157, in Deserializer
    data[field.attname] = model._meta.get_field(field_name).to_python(field_value)
  File "/Users/davea/Documents/workspace/chicommons/maps/web/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/db/models/fields/__init__.py", line 928, in to_python
    params={'value': value},
django.core.exceptions.ValidationError: ["'{'name': 'IL', 'country': ['United States']}' value must be an integer."]

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "manage.py", line 21, in <module>
    main()
  File "manage.py", line 17, in main
    execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)
  File "/Users/davea/Documents/workspace/chicommons/maps/web/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 371, in execute_from_command_line
    utility.execute()
  File "/Users/davea/Documents/workspace/chicommons/maps/web/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 365, in execute
    self.fetch_command(subcommand).run_from_argv(self.argv)
  File "/Users/davea/Documents/workspace/chicommons/maps/web/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 288, in run_from_argv
    self.execute(*args, **cmd_options)
  File "/Users/davea/Documents/workspace/chicommons/maps/web/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 335, in execute
    output = self.handle(*args, **options)
  File "/Users/davea/Documents/workspace/chicommons/maps/web/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/core/management/commands/loaddata.py", line 72, in handle
    self.loaddata(fixture_labels)
  File "/Users/davea/Documents/workspace/chicommons/maps/web/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/core/management/commands/loaddata.py", line 113, in loaddata
    self.load_label(fixture_label)
  File "/Users/davea/Documents/workspace/chicommons/maps/web/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/core/management/commands/loaddata.py", line 168, in load_label
    for obj in objects:
  File "/Users/davea/Documents/workspace/chicommons/maps/web/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/core/serializers/pyyaml.py", line 73, in Deserializer
    yield from PythonDeserializer(yaml.load(stream, Loader=SafeLoader), **options)
  File "/Users/davea/Documents/workspace/chicommons/maps/web/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/core/serializers/python.py", line 159, in Deserializer
    raise base.DeserializationError.WithData(e, d['model'], d.get('pk'), field_value)
django.core.serializers.base.DeserializationError: Problem installing fixture '/Users/davea/Documents/workspace/chicommons/maps/web/maps/fixtures/seed_data.yaml': ["'{'name': 'IL', 'country': ['United States']}' value must be an integer."]: (address.locality:pk=1) field_value was '{'name': 'IL', 'country': ['United States']}'

我已将其添加到文件 maps/monkey_patching.py 中，以帮助基于唯一标识符自动创建实体...

from address import State
from address import Country

def country_get_by_natural_key(self, name):
    return self.get_or_create(name=name)[0]

def state_get_by_natural_key(self, name, country_id):
    return self.get_or_create(name=name, country_id=country_id)[0]

Country.add_to_class("get_by_natural_key",country_get_by_natural_key)
State.add_to_class("get_by_natural_key",state_get_by_natural_key)

编辑:包括每个 Shivam 请求的堆栈跟踪...

(venv) localhost:maps davea$ python web/manage.py loaddata web/maps/fixtures/seed_data.yaml 
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/Users/davea/Documents/workspace/chicommons/maps/web/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/db/models/fields/__init__.py", line 923, in to_python
    return int(value)
TypeError: int() argument must be a string, a bytes-like object or a number, not 'list'

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/Users/davea/Documents/workspace/chicommons/maps/web/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/core/serializers/python.py", line 157, in Deserializer
    data[field.attname] = model._meta.get_field(field_name).to_python(field_value)
  File "/Users/davea/Documents/workspace/chicommons/maps/web/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/db/models/fields/__init__.py", line 928, in to_python
    params={'value': value},
django.core.exceptions.ValidationError: ["'['IL', 'United States']' value must be an integer."]

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "web/manage.py", line 21, in <module>
    main()
  File "web/manage.py", line 17, in main
    execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)
  File "/Users/davea/Documents/workspace/chicommons/maps/web/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 371, in execute_from_command_line
    utility.execute()
  File "/Users/davea/Documents/workspace/chicommons/maps/web/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 365, in execute
    self.fetch_command(subcommand).run_from_argv(self.argv)
  File "/Users/davea/Documents/workspace/chicommons/maps/web/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 288, in run_from_argv
    self.execute(*args, **cmd_options)
  File "/Users/davea/Documents/workspace/chicommons/maps/web/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 335, in execute
    output = self.handle(*args, **options)
  File "/Users/davea/Documents/workspace/chicommons/maps/web/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/core/management/commands/loaddata.py", line 72, in handle
    self.loaddata(fixture_labels)
  File "/Users/davea/Documents/workspace/chicommons/maps/web/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/core/management/commands/loaddata.py", line 113, in loaddata
    self.load_label(fixture_label)
  File "/Users/davea/Documents/workspace/chicommons/maps/web/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/core/management/commands/loaddata.py", line 168, in load_label
    for obj in objects:
  File "/Users/davea/Documents/workspace/chicommons/maps/web/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/core/serializers/pyyaml.py", line 73, in Deserializer
    yield from PythonDeserializer(yaml.load(stream, Loader=SafeLoader), **options)
  File "/Users/davea/Documents/workspace/chicommons/maps/web/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/core/serializers/python.py", line 159, in Deserializer
    raise base.DeserializationError.WithData(e, d['model'], d.get('pk'), field_value)
django.core.serializers.base.DeserializationError: Problem installing fixture '/Users/davea/Documents/workspace/chicommons/maps/web/maps/fixtures/seed_data.yaml': ["'['IL', 'United States']' value must be an integer."]: (address.locality:pk=1) field_value was '['IL', 'United States']'

Answer 1

自然键问题
get_by_natural_key方法在经理级别可用，但您在模型级别添加方法。因此，您需要这样做，而不是上面的内容:

from django.db import models
from address.models import State

class CustomManager(models.Manager):
    def get_by_natural_key(self, name):
        return self.get_or_create(name=name)[0]

State.add_to_class('objects', CustomManager())

夹具问题

固定装置的嵌套数据应该只包含 args 而不是 kwargs。查看 Is there a way in a seed_data.yaml file to autogenerate models on which first model is dependent upon?了解更多详情。之后，您需要设计您的 get_by_natural_key相应地发挥作用。所以对于 locality模型夹具看起来像

- model: address.locality
  pk: 1
  fields:
    name: "Chicago"
    postal_code: "60053"
    state: ['I', 'United States']

而被覆盖的经理将是

class CustomManager(models.Manager):
    def get_by_natural_key(self, state_name, country):
        country = Country.objects.get_or_create(name=country)[0]
        return State.objects.get_or_create(name=state_name, country=country)[0]

setattr(State._meta, 'default_manager', CustomManager())