spring - javax.persistence.TransactionRequiredException : Executing an update/delete query

Question

我正在使用 JPA2.0+hibernate3.2+Spring3.0.5+MySql5.5 来实现 DAO 功能，但是当我尝试将实体持久化到 DB 时，它不起作用并且只是抛出 javax.persistence.TransactionRequiredException。请参阅我的编码和配置。

1.实体

@Entity
@Table(name="booking_no")
public class BookingNo {
    public BookingNo(){
    };
    @Id
    @GeneratedValue
    private Integer id;
    @Column(unique=true,length=30)
    private String prefix;

2.DAO

@Transactional(propagation=Propagation.REQUIRED,isolation=Isolation.DEFAULT)
    public Object generateBookingNo(String customer) throws Exception{
        logger.debug("generateBookingNo() start,generate booking no by customer:"+customer);
        if(customer == null || customer.trim().length() == 0){
            logger.error("generateBookingNo(),customer is empty,return null");
            return null;
        }
        EntityManager em = emf.createEntityManager();
        try{
                Query query = em.createQuery("select b from BookingNo b where b.prefix='"+customer+"'");
                Object object =null;
                try{
                        object = query.getSingleResult();
                }catch(NoResultException e){
                        logger.info("generateBookingNo(),not find id for customer["+customer+"],will save a initial record");
                        BookingNo bkNo = new BookingNo();
                        bkNo.setPrefix(customer);
                        logger.debug("generateBookingNo(),the bookingNo is:"+bkNo);
                        em.persist(bkNo);
                        //em.flush();
                        Object object2 =null;
                        try{
                               object2 = em.createQuery("select b.id from BookingNo b where b.prefix='"+customer+"'").getSingleResult();
                        }catch(Exception e2){
                            logger.error("get error when query customer ["+customer+"]",e);
                            return null;
                        }
                        return  customer+"-"+object2;
                }
                if(object == null || !(object instanceof BookingNo)){
                    logger.error("generateBookingNo(),return nothing but not catch NoResultException,return null");
                    return null;
                }
                BookingNo bkNo =(BookingNo) object;
                Integer newId = bkNo.getId()+1;
                //Query query2 = em.createQuery("update BookingNo b set b.id="+newId+" where b.prefix='"+customer+"'");
                Query query2 = em.createNativeQuery("update booking_no b set b.id="+newId+" where b.prefix='"+customer+"'");
                int res = query2.executeUpdate();
                logger.debug("generateBookingNo(),the to be update bookingNo is:"+bkNo+",the update result is:"+res);
                //em.flush();
                return customer+"-"+newId;
        }catch(Exception e){
            logger.error("get error in generateBookingNo()",e);
            return null;
        }finally{
            em.close();
            emf.close();
        }

3.Spring cfg文件

    <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager" />
    <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager">  
    <property name="entityManagerFactory" ref="bookingEMF"/>  
</bean>  
     <bean id="dataSource1"  class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource" destroy-method="close">
               <property name="driverClass" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"></property>
               <property name="jdbcUrl" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost/booking"></property>
               <property name="user" value="root"></property>
               <property name="password" value="123456"></property>
               <property name="initialPoolSize" value="1"></property>
               <property name="minPoolSize" value="1"></property>
               <property name="maxPoolSize" value="20"></property>
               <property name="maxIdleTime" value="60"></property>
               <property name="acquireIncrement" value="5"></property>
               <property name="idleConnectionTestPeriod" value="60"></property>
               <property name="acquireRetryAttempts" value="20"></property>
               <property name="breakAfterAcquireFailure" value="true"></property>
</bean>
    <!-- Entity Manager Factory -->
     <bean id="bookingEMF" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean">
                <property name="persistenceUnitName" value="booking"/>  
                <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource1" />
                <property name="jpaVendorAdapter" ref="jpaVendorAdapter" />
                <property name="jpaPropertyMap">  
                   <map>  
                         <entry key="hibernate.transaction.flush_before_completion"     value="true"/> 
                         <entry key="hibernate.transaction.auto_close_session"  value="true"/>  
                         <entry key="hibernate.connection.release_mode" value="auto"/> 
                          <entry key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto" value="update"/> 
                          <entry key="format_sql" value="true"/> 
                         <!-- <entry key="hibernate.transaction.manager_lookup_class" value="com.atomikos.icatch.jta.hibernate3.TransactionManagerLookup"/>   -->
                   </map>  
                </property> 
    </bean>
    <!-- JPA Vendor,Implementation is hibernate -->
     <bean id="jpaVendorAdapter" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaVendorAdapter">
                <property name="database" value="MYSQL" />
                <property name="showSql" value="true"/>
                <property name="generateDdl" value="false"/>

                <property name="databasePlatform" value="org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect" />
    </bean>
    <!-- DAO -->
    <bean id="BookingDAO" class="com.chailie.booking.dao.impl.booking.BookingDAO" >
                <property name="emf" ref="bookingEMF"/>
    </bean>

当运行 junit 测试用例如下

@Test
    public void testGenerateBookingNo(){
        try {
            BookingDAO dao  = (BookingDAO) DAOFactory.getDAO("BookingDAO", DAOFactory.TYPE_APPLICATION);
            dao.generateBookingNo("chailie");
            //dao.generateBookingNo("chailie2");
        } catch (Exception e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            logger.error("get error",e);
        }

    }

它会发生 javax.persistence.TransactionRequiredException，我不知道发生了什么，有人可以帮助解决这个问题吗？我真的很感激
顺便说一下，请看我的日志

23:15:46.817 [main] DEBUG org.hibernate.hql.ast.ErrorCounter - throwQueryException() : no errors
23:15:46.837 [main] DEBUG o.h.hql.ast.QueryTranslatorImpl - HQL: select b from com.chailie.booking.model.booking.BookingNo b where b.prefix='chailie'
23:15:46.837 [main] DEBUG o.h.hql.ast.QueryTranslatorImpl - SQL: select bookingno0_.id as id0_, bookingno0_.prefix as prefix0_ from booking_no bookingno0_ where bookingno0_.prefix='chailie'
23:15:46.837 [main] DEBUG org.hibernate.hql.ast.ErrorCounter - throwQueryException() : no errors
23:15:46.856 [main] DEBUG org.hibernate.jdbc.AbstractBatcher - about to open PreparedStatement (open PreparedStatements: 0, globally: 0)
23:15:46.856 [main] DEBUG org.hibernate.jdbc.ConnectionManager - opening JDBC connection
23:15:46.891 [main] DEBUG org.hibernate.SQL - select bookingno0_.id as id0_, bookingno0_.prefix as prefix0_ from booking_no bookingno0_ where bookingno0_.prefix='chailie' limit ?
Hibernate: select bookingno0_.id as id0_, bookingno0_.prefix as prefix0_ from booking_no bookingno0_ where bookingno0_.prefix='chailie' limit ?
23:15:46.922 [main] DEBUG org.hibernate.jdbc.AbstractBatcher - about to open ResultSet (open ResultSets: 0, globally: 0)
23:15:46.926 [main] DEBUG org.hibernate.loader.Loader - result row: EntityKey[com.chailie.booking.model.booking.BookingNo#8]
23:15:46.935 [main] DEBUG org.hibernate.jdbc.AbstractBatcher - about to close ResultSet (open ResultSets: 1, globally: 1)
23:15:46.936 [main] DEBUG org.hibernate.jdbc.AbstractBatcher - about to close PreparedStatement (open PreparedStatements: 1, globally: 1)
23:15:46.936 [main] DEBUG org.hibernate.jdbc.ConnectionManager - aggressively releasing JDBC connection
23:15:46.936 [main] DEBUG org.hibernate.jdbc.ConnectionManager - releasing JDBC connection [ (open PreparedStatements: 0, globally: 0) (open ResultSets: 0, globally: 0)]
23:15:46.939 [main] DEBUG org.hibernate.engine.TwoPhaseLoad - resolving associations for [com.chailie.booking.model.booking.BookingNo#8]
23:15:46.941 [main] DEBUG org.hibernate.engine.TwoPhaseLoad - done materializing entity [com.chailie.booking.model.booking.BookingNo#8]
23:15:46.942 [main] DEBUG o.h.e.StatefulPersistenceContext - initializing non-lazy collections
23:15:46.942 [main] DEBUG org.hibernate.jdbc.ConnectionManager - aggressively releasing JDBC connection
23:15:46.944 [main] DEBUG o.h.ejb.AbstractEntityManagerImpl - mark transaction for rollback
23:15:46.954 [main] ERROR c.c.b.d.booking.impl.BookingDAOTest - get error in generateBookingNo()
javax.persistence.TransactionRequiredException: Executing an update/delete query
    at org.hibernate.ejb.QueryImpl.executeUpdate(QueryImpl.java:48) [hibernate-entitymanager-3.4.0.GA.jar:3.4.0.GA]
    at com.chailie.booking.dao.impl.booking.BookingDAO.generateBookingNo(BookingDAO.java:104) [classes/:na]
    at com.chailie.booking.dao.impl.booking.BookingDAO$$FastClassByCGLIB$$2898182b.invoke(<generated>) [cglib-2.2.jar:na]
    at net.sf.cglib.proxy.MethodProxy.invoke(MethodProxy.java:191) [cglib-2.2.jar:na]
    at org.springframework.aop.framework.Cglib2AopProxy$CglibMethodInvocation.invokeJoinpoint(Cglib2AopProxy.java:688) [spring-aop-3.0.5.RELEASE.jar:3.0.5.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:150) [spring-aop-3.0.5.RELEASE.jar:3.0.5.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor.invoke(TransactionInterceptor.java:110) [spring-tx-3.0.5.RELEASE.jar:3.0.5.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:172) [spring-aop-3.0.5.RELEASE.jar:3.0.5.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.aop.framework.Cglib2AopProxy$DynamicAdvisedInterceptor.intercept(Cglib2AopProxy.java:621) [spring-aop-3.0.5.RELEASE.jar:3.0.5.RELEASE]
    at com.chailie.booking.dao.impl.booking.BookingDAO$$EnhancerByCGLIB$$58d6a935.generateBookingNo(<generated>) [cglib-2.2.jar:na]
    at com.chailie.booking.dao.booking.impl.BookingDAOTest.testGenerateBookingNo(BookingDAOTest.java:42) [test-classes/:na]
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) [na:1.7.0_15]
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source) [na:1.7.0_15]
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source) [na:1.7.0_15]
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Unknown Source) [na:1.7.0_15]
    at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod$1.runReflectiveCall(FrameworkMethod.java:44) [junit-4.7.jar:na]
    at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:15) [junit-4.7.jar:na]
    at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively(FrameworkMethod.java:41) [junit-4.7.jar:na]
    at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.InvokeMethod.evaluate(InvokeMethod.java:20) [junit-4.7.jar:na]
    at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:76) [junit-4.7.jar:na]
    at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:50) [junit-4.7.jar:na]
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:193) [junit-4.7.jar:na]
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:52) [junit-4.7.jar:na]
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:191) [junit-4.7.jar:na]
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:42) [junit-4.7.jar:na]
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:184) [junit-4.7.jar:na]
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:236) [junit-4.7.jar:na]
    at org.apache.maven.surefire.junit4.JUnit4TestSet.execute(JUnit4TestSet.java:53) [surefire-junit4-2.10.jar:2.10]
    at org.apache.maven.surefire.junit4.JUnit4Provider.executeTestSet(JUnit4Provider.java:123) [surefire-junit4-2.10.jar:2.10]
    at org.apache.maven.surefire.junit4.JUnit4Provider.invoke(JUnit4Provider.java:104) [surefire-junit4-2.10.jar:2.10]
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) [na:1.7.0_15]
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source) [na:1.7.0_15]
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source) [na:1.7.0_15]
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Unknown Source) [na:1.7.0_15]
    at org.apache.maven.surefire.util.ReflectionUtils.invokeMethodWithArray(ReflectionUtils.java:164) [surefire-api-2.10.jar:2.10]
    at org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.ProviderFactory$ProviderProxy.invoke(ProviderFactory.java:110) [surefire-booter-2.10.jar:2.10]
    at org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.SurefireStarter.invokeProvider(SurefireStarter.java:175) [surefire-booter-2.10.jar:2.10]
    at org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.SurefireStarter.runSuitesInProcessWhenForked(SurefireStarter.java:107) [surefire-booter-2.10.jar:2.10]
    at org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.ForkedBooter.main(ForkedBooter.java:68) [surefire-booter-2.10.jar:2.10]
23:15:46.958 [main] INFO  o.hibernate.impl.SessionFactoryImpl - closing
23:15:46.960 [main] DEBUG o.h.transaction.JDBCTransaction - commit
23:15:46.962 [main] DEBUG o.h.transaction.JDBCTransaction - re-enabling autocommit
23:15:46.962 [main] DEBUG o.h.transaction.JDBCTransaction - committed JDBC Connection
23:15:46.962 [main] DEBUG org.hibernate.jdbc.ConnectionManager - aggressively releasing JDBC connection
23:15:46.963 [main] DEBUG org.hibernate.jdbc.ConnectionManager - releasing JDBC connection [ (open PreparedStatements: 0, globally: 0) (open ResultSets: 0, globally: 0)]

Answer 1

在你做之前 em.persist() , 得到一个 EntityTransaction对象(比如 et )，通过做 em.getTransaction() ，然后做一个 et.begin() .完成后 em.persist() ，做一个 et.commit() .