python - 如何在我的类中继承QtWidgets.QWidget并使我的类类型-QtWidgets.QWidget？

Question

我正在尝试在 Maya 中编写一些代码，如果这会在下面的脚本示例中造成任何困惑，我很抱歉。问题是我想制作我的自定义 PyQt 类，稍后将在我的布局中用作 Widget，但我对这件事缺乏了解，导致错误

# RuntimeError: '__init__' method of object's base class (test) not called. # 

我读了一些关于该错误的主题，人们建议使用 super() 修复它。我尝试输入“super()”，然后收到此错误:

# TypeError: PySide2.QtCore.QObject isn't a direct base class of test #

有人可以帮我解决这个问题吗？

from PySide2 import QtGui, QtCore, QtWidgets
from shiboken2 import wrapInstance
import maya.OpenMaya as om
import maya.OpenMayaUI as omui
import maya.cmds as cmds
import os, functools


def getMayaWindow():
    pointer = omui.MQtUtil.mainWindow()
    if pointer is not None:
        return wrapInstance(long(pointer), QtWidgets.QWidget)

class testUi():
    def __init__(self):
        self.window = 'vl_test'
        self.title = 'Test Remastered'
        self.size = (1000, 650)

    def create(self):
        if cmds.window(self.window, exists=True):
            cmds.deleteUI(self.window, window=True)

        self.parentWindow = getMayaWindow()
        self.mainWindow = QtWidgets.QMainWindow(self.parentWindow)
        self.mainWindow.setObjectName(self.window)
        self.mainWindow.setWindowTitle(self.title)

        self.mainWidget = QtWidgets.QWidget()
        self.mainWindow.setCentralWidget(self.mainWidget)
        self.mainLayout = QtWidgets.QFormLayout(self.mainWidget)
        testik = test(self)
        self.mainLayout.addWidget(testik)

        self.mainButton = QtWidgets.QPushButton()
        self.mainLayout.addWidget(self.mainButton)
        self.mainButton.clicked.connect(partial(self.load_selected))


class test(QtWidgets.QWidget):
    def __init__(self, parent=None, maya_transform_nodes=[]):
        #super(QtWidgets.QWidget, self ).__init__(parent)
        qWid = QtWidgets.QWidget()
        self.setMinW = qWid.setMinimumWidth(300)
        self.setMinH = qWid.setMinimumHeight(300)
        self.sss = qWid.setStyleSheet("border:1px solid rgb(0, 255, 0); ")
        self.items = []

        self.transform_move = QtGui.QTransform()
        self.transform_scale = QtGui.QTransform()

        self.prev_mouse_pos = QtCore.QPoint(0, 0)

        self.color = QtGui.QColor(0, 255, 50, 50)
        self.clicked_color = QtGui.QColor(0, 255, 50, 150)
        self.right_clicked_color = QtGui.QColor(255, 0, 0, 150)

v = testUi()
v.create()

Answer 1

当您创建一个类时，您可以选择从另一个对象继承，在本例中可能是一个QDialog，因为它是您工具的主窗口。不过，仅仅继承它是不够的，您必须调用 QDialog 的构造函数才能正确初始化，并且您可以使用 super 来做到这一点。

使用super，您可以选择从继承自的类的对象中运行方法。它看起来像这样:super(YOUR_CLASS_NAME, INSTANCE).METHOD_TO_RUN(PARAMETERS_TO_PASS)。因此，更具体地说，要运行您的 __init__ ，它将是:super(testUi, self).__init__(parent)，这将修复它。

这可能是一个糟糕的解释，因此请 Google super 获取更好的示例。

我对您的脚本进行了一些编辑以简化它，并在其中留下了一些评论:

from PySide2 import QtGui, QtCore, QtWidgets
from shiboken2 import wrapInstance
import maya.OpenMaya as om
import maya.OpenMayaUI as omui
import maya.cmds as cmds
import os, functools


def getMayaWindow():
    pointer = omui.MQtUtil.mainWindow()
    if pointer is not None:
        return wrapInstance(long(pointer), QtWidgets.QWidget)


class testUi(QtWidgets.QDialog):  # Need to inherit from a `QObject`

    def __init__(self, parent=None):  # It's typical to include the `parent` parameter and pass that through `super`.
        # If nothing was passed for parent, default to Maya's main window.
        if parent is None:
            parent = getMayaWindow()

        super(testUi, self).__init__(parent)  # Call `super` with the class's name, testUi, and its instance, self.
        self.window = 'vl_test'
        self.title = 'Test Remastered'
        self.size = (1000, 650)

        self.create()  # Just automatically call create in the instance's constructor.

    def create(self):
        if cmds.window(self.window, exists=True):
            cmds.deleteUI(self.window, window=True)

        self.setWindowTitle(self.title)
        self.resize(QtCore.QSize(*self.size))

        self.testik = test(self)  # Add `self.` so it belongs to this instance.

        self.mainButton = QtWidgets.QPushButton()

        self.mainLayout = QtWidgets.QVBoxLayout()  # QVBoxLayout seems to give a better result.
        self.mainLayout.addWidget(self.testik)
        self.mainLayout.addWidget(self.mainButton)
        self.setLayout(self.mainLayout)  # Don't forget to make this widget actually set to this layout and use it.


class test(QtWidgets.QFrame):

    def __init__(self, parent=None, maya_transform_nodes=[]):
        super(test, self).__init__(parent)  # Call `super` with the class's name, test, and its instance, self.

        self.setMinimumWidth(300)
        self.setMinimumHeight(300)
        self.setStyleSheet("QWidget {border: 1px solid rgb(0, 255, 0)};")

        self.items = []

        self.transform_move = QtGui.QTransform()
        self.transform_scale = QtGui.QTransform()

        self.prev_mouse_pos = QtCore.QPoint(0, 0)

        self.color = QtGui.QColor(0, 255, 50, 50)
        self.clicked_color = QtGui.QColor(0, 255, 50, 150)
        self.right_clicked_color = QtGui.QColor(255, 0, 0, 150)


v = testUi()
v.show()  # Call show to show it!

我是否正确地假设您正在尝试构建概要？如果是，您可能需要查看 QGraphicsView 来用项目填充窗口并处理大部分逻辑。否则，您将必须 100% 自己完成，这可能很有趣，但也有很多额外的工作。