python-docx 如何合并行单元格

Question

我正在使用python-docx从数据创建Word文档。我可以毫无问题地创建所有行和单元格，但是在某些情况下，当数据库中的当前记录在字段 comment 中有一些内容时，我需要添加一个新行来显示很长的内容.

我尝试附加一段，但结果是注释附加在表格后面，我需要将其添加到当前表格行下方。

我认为解决方案是附加一个表格行，其中所有单元格都合并，但我找不到这样做的文档。

这是我生成 docx 文件的代码:

class OperationDOCXView(viewsets.ViewSet):
    exclude_from_schema = True

    def list(self, request):
        from ReportsManagerApp.controllers import Operations2Controller

        self.profile_id = request.query_params['profile_id']
        self.operation_date = request.query_params['operation_date']
        self.operation_type = request.query_params['operation_type']
        self.format = request.query_params['doc_format']

        operation_report_controller = Operations2Controller(self.profile_id, self.operation_date, self.operation_type)
        context = operation_report_controller.get_context()

        if self.format == 'json':
            return Response(context)
        else:
            word_doc = self.get_operation_word_file(request, context)

        return Response("{}{}{}".format(request.get_host(), settings.MEDIA_URL, word_doc))

    def get_operation_word_file(self, request, context):
        import unicodedata
        from django.core.files import File
        from django.urls import reverse
        from docx import Document
        from docx.shared import Inches, Pt

        operation_type = {
            'arrival': 'Llegadas',
            'departure': 'Salidas',
            'hotel': 'Hotel-Hotel',
            'tour': 'Tours',
        }

        weekdays = {
            '0': 'LUNES',
            '1': 'MARTES',
            '2': 'MIÉRCOLES',
            '3': 'JUEVES',
            '4': 'VIERNES',
            '5': 'SÁBADO',
            '6': 'DOMINGO',
        }

        titles = ['Booking', 'Nombre', '#', 'Vuelo', 'Hr', 'P Up', 'Traslado', 'Circuito', 'Priv?', 'Agencia', '']
        widths = [Inches(1), Inches(2), Inches(0.5), Inches(1), Inches(1), Inches(1), Inches(2), Inches(3), Inches(0.5), Inches(3), Inches(0.5)]

        document = Document()

        section = document.sections[-1]
        section.top_margin = Inches(0.5)
        section.bottom_margin = Inches(0.5)
        section.left_margin = Inches(0.3)
        section.right_margin = Inches(0.2)

        style = document.styles['Normal']
        font = style.font
        font.name ='Arial'
        font.size = Pt(10)

        company_paragraph = document.add_heading("XXXX TTOO INC")
        company_paragraph.alignment = WD_ALIGN_PARAGRAPH.CENTER

        description_paragraph = document.add_paragraph("Operación de {} del día {}".format(operation_type[self.operation_type], self.operation_date))
        description_paragraph.alignment = WD_ALIGN_PARAGRAPH.CENTER
        operation_date = self.get_operation_date().date()
        operation_week_day = operation_date.weekday()
        day_paragraph = document.add_paragraph(weekdays[str(operation_week_day)])
        day_paragraph.alignment = WD_ALIGN_PARAGRAPH.CENTER

        for provider_unit, transfers in context.items():
            provider_unit_paragraph = document.add_paragraph(provider_unit)
            provider_unit_paragraph.style.font.size = Pt(10)
            provider_unit_paragraph.style.font.bold = False

            table = document.add_table(rows=1, cols=11)
            hdr_cells = table.rows[0].cells
            runs = []
            for i in range(len(hdr_cells)):
                runs.append(self.get_hdr_cells_run(hdr_cells[i], titles[i]))
            for row in table.rows:
                for idx, width in enumerate(widths):
                    row.cells[idx].width = width
            adults = 0
            minors = 0
            for transfer in transfers:
                # table = document.add_table(rows=1, cols=11)
                row_cells = table.add_row().cells
                row_cells[0].text = transfer['booking']
                row_cells[1].text = transfer['people']
                row_cells[2].text = transfer['pax']
                flight = transfer.get("flight","") if transfer.get("flight","") is not None else ""
                row_cells[3].text = flight
                flight_time = self.get_flight_time(flight) if flight != '' else ''
                row_cells[4].text = flight_time
                row_cells[5].text = transfer['pickup_time'].strftime('%H:%M') if transfer['pickup_time'] is not None else ''
                row_cells[6].text = transfer['place']
                row_cells[7].text = transfer['roundtrip']
                row_cells[8].text = transfer['is_private']
                row_cells[9].text = transfer['agency']
                people = transfer['pax'].split('.')
                adults = adults + int(people[0])
                minors = minors + int(people[1])

                if transfer['comment'] is not None:
                    document.add_paragraph("Comentarios: {}".format(transfer['comment']))

            for row in table.rows:
                for idx, width in enumerate(widths):
                    row.cells[idx].width = width
                for cell in row.cells:
                    paragraphs = cell.paragraphs
                    for paragraph in paragraphs:
                        for run in paragraph.runs:
                            font = run.font
                            font.size = Pt(8)

            row_cells = table.add_row().cells
            row_cells[10].text = "{}.{}".format(adults, minors)

        current_directory = settings.MEDIA_DIR
        file_name = "Operaciones {} {}.docx".format(self.operation_type, self.operation_date)
        document.save("{}{}".format(current_directory, file_name))

        return file_name

    def get_flight_time(self, flight):
        from OperationsManagerApp.models import Flight

        operation_types = {
            'arrival': 'ARRIVAL',
            'departure': 'DEPARTURE'
        }

        operation_date = datetime.strptime(self.operation_date, '%Y-%m-%d')

        try:
            flight = Flight.objects.get(flight_type=operation_types[self.operation_type], number=flight)
        except:
            return ''
        else:
            weekday_times = {
                '0': flight.time_monday,
                '1': flight.time_tuesday,
                '2': flight.time_wednesday,
                '3': flight.time_thursday,
                '4': flight.time_friday,
                '5': flight.time_saturday,
                '6': flight.time_sunday,
            }

        weekday_time = weekday_times[str(operation_date.weekday())]

        return weekday_time.strftime('%H:%M') if weekday_time is not None else ''

    def get_hdr_cells_run(self, hdr_cells, title):
        from docx.shared import Pt

        new_run = hdr_cells.paragraphs[0].add_run(title)
        new_run.bold = True
        new_run.font.size = Pt(8)

        return new_run

    def get_operation_date(self):
        date_array = self.operation_date.split('-')
        day = int(date_array[2])
        month = int(date_array[1])
        year = int(date_array[0])

        operation_date = datetime(year, month, day)

        return operation_date

Answer 1

一种方法是将段落添加到其中一个单元格:

cell.add_paragraph(transfer['comment'])

这会将其放置在相对于其所属行的正确位置，而不是在表格之后。

如果这对于其中已经包含另一个数据项的单个单元格来说会占用太多空间，并且您想要添加一行，则在分配表时需要考虑到这一点。但假设您解决了这个问题，合并单元格就很容易了:

row.cells[0].merge(row.cells[-1])