python - 在Python中构造重复的导入语句

Question

我有一个包含许多 .py 脚本的 Python 项目。大多数脚本都有很长的类似导入语句。构建此类导入的一般惯例是什么？

1. 它们会在每个 .py 文件中重复吗？
2. 它们是否都会列在单独的文件中，并且该文件是否会导入到每个 .py 文件中？

如果有帮助的话，我的导入看起来像这些，还有更多。

import datetime
import logging
import random
import sys
import os
import operator
import warnings

import json
import numpy as np
import parseJSON
import pandas as pd


 from sklearn.svm import SVC
 from sklearn import svm
 from sklearn import linear_model

 from sklearn.linear_model import LogisticRegression
 from sklearn.ensemble import GradientBoostingClassifier
 from sklearn.tree import DecisionTreeClassifier
 from sklearn.ensemble.forest import RandomForestClassifier
 from sklearn.ensemble import BaggingClassifier

 from sklearn.multiclass import OneVsRestClassifier
 from sklearn.linear_model import SGDClassifier
 from sklearn import neighbors
 from sklearn.ensemble import RandomForestClassifier
 from sklearn import metrics
 from sklearn.svm import SVC
 from sklearn.naive_bayes import GaussianNB
 from sklearn.discriminant_analysis import LinearDiscriminantAnalysis
 from sklearn.discriminant_analysis import QuadraticDiscriminantAnalysis
 from sklearn.metrics import accuracy_score
 from sklearn.neighbors import KNeighborsClassifier
 from sklearn.svm import SVC
 from sklearn.tree import DecisionTreeClassifier
 from sklearn.ensemble import RandomForestClassifier, AdaBoostClassifier
 from sklearn.preprocessing import LabelEncoder

Answer 1

此类内容的权威来源是 PEP 8 style guide 。针对您的情况，有一个小节 for imports ，其说明如下(强调我的):

Imports should be grouped in the following order:

Standard library imports. Related third party imports. Local application/library specific imports. You should put a blank line between each group of imports.

Absolute imports are recommended, as they are usually more readable and tend to be better behaved...

这表明最佳实践是按照选项 (1) 中所述进行操作。

作为一个轶事，如果我(或你)必须编辑你的一个 .py 文件，我希望以预期的格式看到每个导入，所以无论我打开哪个脚本文件，我都知道依赖关系