python - OSX 端口 Python 库路径？找不到ctypes

Question

我正在尝试使用依赖于 ctypes 的应用程序，但收到此错误:

$ python peach.py -t ~/Desktop/fuzz/wav/template.xml 

] Peach 2.3.6 Runtime
] Copyright (c) Michael Eddington

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "peach.py", line 335, in <module>
    from Peach.Engine import *
  File "/opt/Peach-2.3.6/Peach/__init__.py", line 40, in <module>
    import Publishers, Transformers
  File "/opt/Peach-2.3.6/Peach/Publishers/__init__.py", line 37, in <module>
    import file, sql, stdout, tcp, udp, com, process, http, icmp, raw, remote, dll, smtp
  File "/opt/Peach-2.3.6/Peach/Publishers/file.py", line 37, in <module>
    from Peach.Engine.engine import Engine
  File "/opt/Peach-2.3.6/Peach/Engine/engine.py", line 835, in <module>
    from Peach.Engine.state import StateEngine
  File "/opt/Peach-2.3.6/Peach/Engine/state.py", line 38, in <module>
    import sys, re, types, time, struct, ctypes
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.5/lib/python2.5/ctypes/__init__.py", line 10, in <module>
    from _ctypes import Union, Structure, Array
ImportError: No module named _ctypes

我已经从 ports 安装了 py-ctypes，但它似乎只是 Python 2.4 版本:

$ port contents py-ctypes
Port py-ctypes contains:
  /opt/local/lib/python2.4/site-packages/_ctypes.so
  /opt/local/lib/python2.4/site-packages/_ctypes_test.so
  /opt/local/lib/python2.4/site-packages/ctypes/__init__.py
  /opt/local/lib/python2.4/site-packages/ctypes/__init__.pyc
  /opt/local/lib/python2.4/site-packages/ctypes/_endian.py
  /opt/local/lib/python2.4/site-packages/ctypes/_endian.pyc
  /opt/local/lib/python2.4/site-packages/ctypes/macholib/__init__.py
  /opt/local/lib/python2.4/site-packages/ctypes/macholib/__init__.pyc
  /opt/local/lib/python2.4/site-packages/ctypes/macholib/dyld.py
  /opt/local/lib/python2.4/site-packages/ctypes/macholib/dyld.pyc
  /opt/local/lib/python2.4/site-packages/ctypes/macholib/dylib.py
  /opt/local/lib/python2.4/site-packages/ctypes/macholib/dylib.pyc

然后我尝试通过 python2.4 运行该应用程序，但该应用程序似乎使用了仅在 2.5 中可用的语法:

$ python2.4 peach.py -t ~/Desktop/fuzz/wav/template.xml 
  File "peach.py", line 498
    finally:
          ^
SyntaxError: invalid syntax

我的 python 安装也是来自 OSX 端口，我注意到在 Peach 应用程序中，它将 python 定义为:

#!/usr/bin/python

如果我的默认 python 可执行文件指向我的端口安装(并且我正在运行“python peach.py​​”)，这会造成任何困惑吗？

$ which python
/opt/local/bin/python

有什么办法可以解决这个问题吗？

python2.5 的 ctypes？
• 能够将 2.4 库添加到 2.5 路径吗？

Answer 1

一个简单的解决方案是使用 Mac OS 附带的 native Python 构建。这绝对适用于最新版本的 Mac OS X 10.6.4，其中包含 Python 2.6。

以下示例显示“_ctypes”已成功导入:

mariah:~ joet3ch$ /usr/bin/python
Python 2.6.1 (r261:67515, Feb 11 2010, 00:51:29) 
[GCC 4.2.1 (Apple Inc. build 5646)] on darwin
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> from _ctypes import Union, Structure, Array
>>>

如果此后遇到问题，请尝试查看 sys.path 属性以查看路径中包含哪些模块和版本。

以下是在新的 Mac OS 10.6.4 版本上查看 sys.path 内容的示例:

mariah:~ joet3ch$ /usr/bin/python
Python 2.6.1 (r261:67515, Feb 11 2010, 00:51:29) 
[GCC 4.2.1 (Apple Inc. build 5646)] on darwin
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import sys
>>> sys.path
['', '/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.6/lib/python26.zip', '/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.6/lib/python2.6', '/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.6/lib/python2.6/plat-darwin', '/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.6/lib/python2.6/plat-mac', '/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.6/lib/python2.6/plat-mac/lib-scriptpackages', '/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.6/Extras/lib/python', '/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.6/lib/python2.6/lib-tk', '/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.6/lib/python2.6/lib-old', '/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.6/lib/python2.6/lib-dynload', '/Library/Python/2.6/site-packages', '/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.6/Extras/lib/python/PyObjC', '/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.6/Extras/lib/python/wx-2.8-mac-unicode']
>>>