java - 在新选项卡中进行下载时，如何在 Selenium (Java) 中 headless (headless)下载文件？

Question

我有一个网页，当我单击一个按钮时，它会打开另一个选项卡，然后在其中几秒钟后下载一个 csv 文件。我试图 headless (headless)地自动执行此操作，但我无法这样做。我正在使用下面的代码。但我认为以下解决方案适用于在同一窗口中进行的下载。我如何调整它以适应我的情况？

如果我通过注释掉行 options.addArguments("--headless"); 正常运行(非 headless (headless))，代码工作正常并且文件可以下载。

    System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", webdriverpath);
    ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();
    options.setExperimentalOption("useAutomationExtension", false);
    options.addArguments("--test-type");
    options.addArguments("--headless");
    options.addArguments("--disable-extensions"); 
    ChromeDriverService driverService = ChromeDriverService.createDefaultService();


    HashMap<String, Object> chromePrefs = new HashMap<String, Object>();
    chromePrefs.put("profile.default_content_settings.popups", 0);
    chromePrefs.put("download.default_directory", downloadFilepath);
    options.setExperimentalOption("prefs", chromePrefs);


    ChromeDriver driver = new ChromeDriver(driverService, options);

    Map<String, Object> commandParams = new HashMap<>();
    commandParams.put("cmd", "Page.setDownloadBehavior");
    Map<String, String> params = new HashMap<>();
    params.put("behavior", "allow");
    params.put("downloadPath", downloadFilepath);
    commandParams.put("params", params);
    ObjectMapper objectMapper = new ObjectMapper();
    HttpClient httpClient = HttpClientBuilder.create().build();
    String command = objectMapper.writeValueAsString(commandParams);
    String u = driverService.getUrl().toString() + "/session/" + driver.getSessionId() + "/chromium/send_command";
    HttpPost request = new HttpPost(u);
    request.addHeader("content-type", "application/json");
    request.setEntity(new StringEntity(command));
    httpClient.execute(request);




    //OPEN URL
    //Click Button

Answer 1

我在 headless (headless)模式下下载时遇到同样的问题。(但在非 headless (headless)模式下工作)
我找到了解决方案(例如 Python ):
第一步 - 单击下载按钮并切换到新标签:

download_btn.send_keys(Keys.Control + Keys.RETURN)  //click button to download
print("windows count:", len(self.driver.window_handles)) //check how many windonws(tab)
print("window:", self.driver.current_window_handle)  //check current window
download_btn.send_keys(Keys.Control + "2")  //switch window to new tab
self.driver.switch_to.window(self.driver.window_handles[-1]) // using driver switch to last created tab
print("windows count:", len(self.driver.window_handles))
print("window:", self.driver.current_window_handle)

输出(确认窗口已成功切换到新选项卡):

windows count: 2

window: CDwindow-9D0B0A86678939EE6EA89B4627016F5A

windows count: 2

window: CDwindow-43ACC6E22256C42592CD34E880A08079

第二步 - 再次配置下载行为
您可以将下面的代码包装起来，并在切换到新选项卡后调用它。

params = {'behavior': 'allow', 'downloadPath': download_path}
print("Change default download dir to :", params['downloadPath'])
driver.execute_cdp_cmd('Page.setDownloadBehavior', params) 

第三步 - 重新加载页面(重要步骤)
它将触发下载行为。

 self.driver.refresh()