python - 将随机数量的随机数写入文件并返回它们的平方

Question

因此，我尝试编写随机数量的随机整数(在 0 到 1000 范围内)，对这些数字进行平方，然后返回这些平方作为一个列表。最初，我开始写入已创建的特定 txt 文件，但它无法正常工作。我寻找了一些可以使用的方法，这些方法可能会让事情变得更容易一些，并且我发现了我认为可能有用的 tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile 方法。这是我当前的代码，并提供了注释:

# This program calculates the squares of numbers read from a file, using several functions
# reads file- or writes a random number of whole numbers to a file -looping through numbers
# and returns a calculation from (x * x) or (x**2);
# the results are stored in a list and returned.
# Update 1: after errors and logic problems, found Python method tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile: 
# This function operates exactly as TemporaryFile() does, except that the file is guaranteed to   have a visible name in the file system, and creates a temprary file that can be written on and accessed 
# (say, for generating a file with a list of integers that is random every time).

import random, tempfile 

# Writes to a temporary file for a length of random (file_len is >= 1 but <= 100), with random  numbers in the range of 0 - 1000.
def modfile(file_len):
       with tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile(delete = False) as newFile:
            for x in range(file_len):
                 newFile.write(str(random.randint(0, 1000)))
            print(newFile)
return newFile

# Squares random numbers in the file and returns them as a list.
    def squared_num(newFile):
        output_box = list()
        for l in newFile:
            exp = newFile(l) ** 2
            output_box[l] = exp
        print(output_box)
        return output_box

    print("This program reads a file with numbers in it - i.e. prints numbers into a blank file - and returns their conservative squares.")
    file_len = random.randint(1, 100)
    newFile = modfile(file_len)
    output = squared_num(file_name)
    print("The squared numbers are:")
    print(output)

不幸的是，现在我在 modfile 函数的第 15 行遇到此错误:TypeError: 'str' does not support the buffer interface。作为一个对 Python 比较陌生的人，有人可以解释一下为什么我会遇到这个问题，以及如何修复它以达到预期的结果吗？谢谢!

编辑:现在修复了代码(非常感谢unutbu和Pedro)!现在:我如何才能在其方 block 旁边打印原始文件编号？另外，有没有什么最小的方法可以从输出的 float 中删除小数？

Answer 1

默认 tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile 创建一个二进制文件( mode='w+b' )。要以文本模式打开文件并能够写入文本字符串(而不是字节字符串)，您需要更改临时文件创建调用以不使用 b在 mode参数(mode='w+'):

tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile(mode='w+', delete=False)