python - 创建了一个 PyPI 包并安装，但运行时返回导入错误

Question

我创建了一个简单的包并能够在 PyPI 中发布它。它的文件结构是:

DaysGrounded\
DaysGrounded\setup.py
DaysGrounded\setup.cfg
DaysGrounded\requirements.txt
DaysGrounded\MANIFEST.in
DaysGrounded\daysgrounded\
DaysGrounded\daysgrounded\__init__.py
DaysGrounded\daysgrounded\__main__.py
DaysGrounded\daysgrounded\cli.py
DaysGrounded\daysgrounded\gui.py
DaysGrounded\daysgrounded\shared.py

我将其安装在另一台计算机上并运行 c:\Python34\Scripts\daysgrounded.exe，但它返回以下错误:回溯(最近一次调用最后一次): 文件“C:\Python34\lib\runpy.py”，第 171 行，在 _run_module_as_main 中 “主要”，mod_spec) 文件“C:\Python34\lib\runpy.py”，第 86 行，在 _run_code 中 执行(代码，run_globals) 文件“C:\Python34\Scripts\daysgrounded.exe__main__.py”，第 5 行，位于 文件“C:\Python34\lib\site-packages\daysgrounded__main__.py”，第 12 行，位于 导入命令行导入错误:没有名为“cli”的模块

您可以在 https://github.com/jcrmatos/DaysGrounded 中找到该应用程序和 https://pypi.python.org/pypi?name=daysgrounded&version=0.0.8&:action=display

我做错了什么？它在 setup.py 中吗？

#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: latin-1 -*-

from __future__ import (absolute_import, division, print_function,
                        unicode_literals)

from setuptools import setup, find_packages
#import py2exe

from daysgrounded import *

setup(
    name=__title__,
    version=__version__,

    description=__desc__,
    long_description=open('README.txt').read(),
    #long_description=(read('README.txt') + '\n\n' +
    #                  read('CHANGES.txt') + '\n\n' +
    #                  read('AUTHORS.txt')),
    license=__license__,
    url=__url__,

    author=__author__,
    author_email=__email__,

    keywords=__keywords__,
    classifiers=__classifiers__,

    packages=find_packages(exclude=['tests*']),
    #packages=__packages__,

    entry_points=__entrypoints__,
    install_requires=open('requirements.txt').read(),
    #install_requires=open('requirements.txt').read().splitlines(),

    include_package_data=True,
    package_data=__pkgdata__,

    #console=['daysgrounded\\__main__.py']
)


Or is it in __init__.py?

"""Manage child(s) grounded days."""

__all__ = [
    '__title__', '__version__',
    '__desc__', '__license__', '__url__',
    '__author__', '__email__',
    '__copyright__',
    '__keywords__', '__classifiers__',
    #'__packages__',
    '__entrypoints__', '__pkgdata__'
]

__title__ = 'daysgrounded'
__version__ = '0.0.8'

__desc__ = __doc__.strip()
__license__ = 'GNU General Public License v2 or later (GPLv2+)'
__url__ = 'https://github.com/jcrmatos/DaysGrounded'

__author__ = 'Joao Matos'
__email__ = 'jcrmatos@gmail.com'

__copyright__ = 'Copyright 2014 Joao Matos'

__keywords__ = 'days grounded'
__classifiers__ = [
        'Development Status :: 4 - Beta',
        'Environment :: Console',
        'Environment :: Win32 (MS Windows)',
        'Intended Audience :: End Users/Desktop',
        'Intended Audience :: Developers',
        'Natural Language :: English',
        'Natural Language :: Portuguese',
        'License :: OSI Approved :: GNU General Public License v2 or later (GPLv2+)',
        'Operating System :: OS Independent',
        'Programming Language :: Python',
        'Programming Language :: Python :: 2.7',
        'Programming Language :: Python :: 3.4',
        'Topic :: Other/Nonlisted Topic',
        # Use below to prevent any unwanted publishing
        #'Private :: Do Not Upload'
    ]

#__packages__ = ['daysgrounded']

__entrypoints__ = {
        'console_scripts': ['daysgrounded = daysgrounded.__main__:main'],
        #'gui_scripts': ['app_gui = daysgrounded.daysgrounded:start']
    }

__pkgdata__ = {'daysgrounded': ['*.txt']}
#__pkgdata__= {'': ['*.txt'], 'daysgrounded': ['*.txt']}

谢谢

JM

Answer 1

这是由于 three ways of invoking a python package 之间的差异造成的:

1. python daysgrounded
2. python daysgrounded/__main__.py
3. python -m daysgrounded

如果您在项目中尝试上述每一种方法，您会发现第三种方法不起作用，而这正是 runpy 使用的方法。它不起作用的原因是你的 sys.path 不正确，因为 python 将 daysgrounded/ 添加到你的 sys.path 中作为第一个有两种方法，但不是第三种。

为了使所有三种方法都起作用，您必须确保您的 sys.path 正确，并且有两种方法可以做到这一点。

如果您希望能够import cli，sys.path应该是daysgrounded/，这意味着您需要修改__init__.py 将其添加到 sys.path:

import sys
import os.path
sys.path.insert(1, os.path.dirname(__file__))

如果您希望能够执行 from daysgrounded import cli，sys.path 应该是 daysgrounded/ 上面的目录，这意味着您需要修改__main__.py以将其添加到sys.path:

import sys
import os.path
sys.path.insert(1, os.path.dirname(sys.path[0]))