python - 从 etree 中删除一个节点但留下子节点

Question

我正在遍历 XML 树，但从树中提取节点而留下其内部节点时遇到了一些麻烦。

例如:

<xml>
    <letter name="B">
        <letter name="D">
            <letter name="E">
                <letter name="F">
                    <letter name="G">

                    </letter>
                </letter>
            </letter>
        </letter>
    </letter>
</xml>

我需要这样的东西:

<xml>
    <letter name="B">
        <letter name="D">
                <letter name="F">
                    <letter name="G">

                    </letter>
                </letter>
        </letter>
    </letter>
</xml>

但是如果不删除所有 E 子级，我就无法得到这个。

干杯!

Answer 1

这个想法是找到带有 name="E", get it's parent 的 letter 元素。 , remove the element从父级开始并用元素的子级扩展父级:

import xml.etree.ElementTree as etree

data = """
<xml>
    <letter name="B">
        <letter name="D">
            <letter name="E">
                <letter name="F">
                    <letter name="G">

                    </letter>
                </letter>
            </letter>
        </letter>
    </letter>
</xml>
"""

XPATH = './/letter[@name="E"]'

tree = etree.fromstring(data)
letter = tree.find(XPATH)
parent = tree.find(XPATH + '/..')

parent.remove(letter)
parent.extend(letter)

print etree.tostring(tree)

它打印:

<xml>
    <letter name="B">
        <letter name="D">
            <letter name="F">
                    <letter name="G">

                    </letter>
                </letter>
            </letter>
    </letter>
</xml>

UPD(使用迭代方法):

def iterparent(tree):
    for parent in tree.getiterator():
        for child in parent:
            yield parent, child

tree = etree.fromstring(data)
for parent, child in iterparent(tree):
    if child.tag == "letter" and child.attrib.get('name') == "E":
        parent.remove(child)
        parent.extend(child)

print etree.tostring(tree)

iterparent() 函数取自 Accessing Parents文档中的段落。