c# - 以编程方式创建 WCF 客户端

Question

我有一个正在运行的 WCF 服务和一个正在工作的客户端，但是目前我已经在我的客户端中引用了该服务。

我想动态创建客户端引用。

这是我的配置文件:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<configuration>
  <configSections>
    <!-- For more information on Entity Framework configuration, visit http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkID=237468 -->
    <section name="entityFramework" type="System.Data.Entity.Internal.ConfigFile.EntityFrameworkSection, EntityFramework, Version=6.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=e77a5e561934e089" requirePermission="false" />
  </configSections>
  <system.serviceModel>
    <services>
      <!-- This section is optional with the new configuration model
           introduced in .NET Framework 4. -->
      <service name="Service.CalculatorService" behaviorConfiguration="CalculatorServiceBehavior">
        <host>
          <baseAddresses>
            <add baseAddress="http://xx.xx.xx.xx:20001/Service/service" />
          </baseAddresses>
        </host>
        <!-- this endpoint is exposed at the base address provided by host: http://xx.xx.xx.xx:20001/Service/service  -->
        <endpoint address="" binding="wsHttpBinding" contract="Service.IReportData" bindingConfiguration="CustomBinding" />
        <!-- the mex endpoint is exposed at http://xx.xx.xx.xx:20001/Service/service/mex -->
        <endpoint address="mex" binding="mexHttpBinding" contract="IMetadataExchange" />
      </service>
    </services>
    <bindings>
      <wsHttpBinding>
        <binding name="CustomBinding" closeTimeout="00:02:00" openTimeout="00:02:00" receiveTimeout="00:10:00" sendTimeout="00:02:00" maxReceivedMessageSize="2147483647">
          <security mode="None">
            <transport clientCredentialType="None" />
            <message establishSecurityContext="false" />
          </security>
        </binding>
      </wsHttpBinding>
    </bindings>
    <behaviors>
      <serviceBehaviors>
        <behavior name="CalculatorServiceBehavior">
          <serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="true" />
          <serviceDebug includeExceptionDetailInFaults="True" />
        </behavior>
      </serviceBehaviors>
    </behaviors>
  </system.serviceModel>
  <system.data>
    <DbProviderFactories>
      <remove invariant="System.Data.SQLite.EF6" />
      <add name="SQLite Data Provider (Entity Framework 6)" invariant="System.Data.SQLite.EF6" description=".NET Framework Data Provider for SQLite (Entity Framework 6)" type="System.Data.SQLite.EF6.SQLiteProviderFactory, System.Data.SQLite.EF6" />
    </DbProviderFactories>
  </system.data>
  <entityFramework>
    <defaultConnectionFactory type="System.Data.Entity.Infrastructure.LocalDbConnectionFactory, EntityFramework">
      <parameters>
        <parameter value="v11.0" />
      </parameters>
    </defaultConnectionFactory>
    <providers>
      <provider invariantName="System.Data.SqlClient" type="System.Data.Entity.SqlServer.SqlProviderServices, EntityFramework.SqlServer" />
      <provider invariantName="System.Data.SQLite.EF6" type="System.Data.SQLite.EF6.SQLiteProviderServices, System.Data.SQLite.EF6" />
    </providers>
  </entityFramework>
</configuration>

我用谷歌搜索了大约一个星期，发现了以下我一直在尝试使用的代码片段，我在 stackoverflow 上找到了它。

我找到它的帖子的链接是:Configure wcf service programmatically

public virtual ChannelFactory<T> Proxy<T>(string address)
        {
            //Validate Address
            if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(address)) throw new ArgumentNullException("Address can not be null or empty.");
            //Address
            EndpointAddress endpointAddress = new EndpointAddress(address);

            //Binding
            WSHttpBinding wsHttpBinding = new WSHttpBinding(SecurityMode.None, false);
            wsHttpBinding.OpenTimeout = wsHttpBinding.CloseTimeout = new TimeSpan(0, 1, 0);
            wsHttpBinding.ReceiveTimeout = wsHttpBinding.SendTimeout = new TimeSpan(0, 10, 0);
            wsHttpBinding.MaxReceivedMessageSize = wsHttpBinding.MaxBufferPoolSize = 2147483647;
            wsHttpBinding.BypassProxyOnLocal = wsHttpBinding.AllowCookies = wsHttpBinding.TransactionFlow = false;
            wsHttpBinding.MessageEncoding = WSMessageEncoding.Text;
            wsHttpBinding.TextEncoding = Encoding.UTF8;
            wsHttpBinding.UseDefaultWebProxy = true;
            wsHttpBinding.HostNameComparisonMode = HostNameComparisonMode.StrongWildcard;
            wsHttpBinding.ReaderQuotas = new XmlDictionaryReaderQuotas(); //ReaderQuotas, setting to Max
            wsHttpBinding.ReaderQuotas.MaxArrayLength = wsHttpBinding.ReaderQuotas.MaxBytesPerRead = 2147483647;
            wsHttpBinding.ReaderQuotas.MaxStringContentLength = wsHttpBinding.ReaderQuotas.MaxNameTableCharCount = 2147483647;
            wsHttpBinding.ReaderQuotas.MaxDepth = 2147483647;

            //Create the Proxy
            ChannelFactory<T> proxy = new ChannelFactory<T>(wsHttpBinding, endpointAddress);

            //Sets the MaxItemsInObjectGraph, so that client can receive large objects
            foreach (var operation in proxy.Endpoint.Contract.Operations)
            {
                DataContractSerializerOperationBehavior operationBehavior = operation.Behaviors.Find<DataContractSerializerOperationBehavior>();
                //If DataContractSerializerOperationBehavior is not present in the Behavior, then add
                if (operationBehavior == null)
                {
                    operationBehavior = new DataContractSerializerOperationBehavior(operation);
                    operation.Behaviors.Add(operationBehavior);
                }
                //IMPORTANT: As 'operationBehavior' is a reference, changing anything here will automatically update the value in list, so no need to add this behavior to behaviorlist
                operationBehavior.MaxItemsInObjectGraph = 2147483647;
            }
            return proxy;
        }

当我尝试编译时出现两个错误:

Error 1 'Proxy<...>': cannot declare instance members in a static class

和

Error 3 The type or namespace name 'T' could not be found (are you missing a using directive or an assembly reference?)

为了使用 ChannelFactory 类，我缺少什么？

编辑:

我已将 ChannelFactory 更改为 ChannelFactory，但现在我收到以下错误:

Error 1 'Proxy<...>': cannot declare instance members in a static class

Answer 1

Error   1   'Proxy<...>': cannot declare instance members in a static class

查看此方法所在的类，确保它不是 static .

Error   3   The type or namespace name 'T' could not be found (are you missing a using directive or an assembly reference?)

当您看到像 ChannelFactory<T> 这样的通用类的定义时或 List<T> , T只是实际类型的占位符，例如 List<string>或 List<DateTime> .通过查看上面的代码，我猜它是 ChannelFactory<IReportData> .

---

这是一个非常简单的客户端。我使用了在您创建新的 WCF 应用程序项目时创建的示例服务。

public class MyServiceClient : ClientBase<IService>, IService
{
    public string GetData(int value)
    {
        return base.Channel.GetData(value);
    }

    public CompositeType GetDataUsingDataContract(CompositeType composite)
    {
        return base.Channel.GetDataUsingDataContract(composite);
    }
}

来自documentation对于 ChannelFactory :

The generic ChannelFactory class is used in advanced scenarios that require the creation of a channel factory that can be used to create more than one channel.

换句话说，如果您只是想创建一个客户端，那么您可能不需要使用 ChannelFactory .

---

在实践中，我使用 Castle Windsor WCF Integration Facility创建我的 WCF 客户端。这仅适用于您对使用依赖注入(inject)和使用 CaSTLe Windsor 感兴趣的情况。我强烈建议学习使用它，因为依赖注入(inject)是一种有用的做法。但除此之外，您还可以方便地使用它来创建和处理您的客户。

结果是您的类永远不会“知道”WCF 服务。他们只知道他们正在使用 IReportData .他们不知道该接口(interface)的实现是 WCF 客户端。在幕后，Windsor 正在创建和配置客户端，在大多数情况下，唯一的配置是一行 <endpoint> app.config 中的元素。

这是 entry page用于他们的文档。