python - 创建 tf-idf 值矩阵

Question

我有一组文档，例如:

D1 = "The sky is blue."
D2 = "The sun is bright."
D3 = "The sun in the sky is bright."

和一组单词，例如:

"sky","land","sea","water","sun","moon"

我想创建一个像这样的矩阵:

   x        D1           D2         D3
sky         tf-idf       0          tf-idf
land        0            0          0
sea         0            0          0
water       0            0          0
sun         0            tf-idf     tf-idf
moon        0            0          0

类似于此处给出的示例表:http://www.cs.duke.edu/courses/spring14/compsci290/assignments/lab02.html 。在给定的链接中，它使用文档中的相同单词，但我需要使用我提到的一组单词。

如果文档中存在特定单词，则我将输入 tf-idf 值，否则我将在矩阵中输入 0。

知道如何构建这样的某种矩阵吗？ Python 是最好的，但 R 也很受欢迎。

我正在使用以下代码，但不确定我是否做了正确的事情。我的代码是:

from sklearn.feature_extraction.text import CountVectorizer
from sklearn.feature_extraction.text import TfidfTransformer
from nltk.corpus import stopwords


train_set = "The sky is blue.", "The sun is bright.", "The sun in the sky is bright." #Documents
test_set = ["sky","land","sea","water","sun","moon"] #Query
stopWords = stopwords.words('english')

vectorizer = CountVectorizer(stop_words = stopWords)
#print vectorizer
transformer = TfidfTransformer()
#print transformer

trainVectorizerArray = vectorizer.fit_transform(train_set).toarray()
testVectorizerArray = vectorizer.transform(test_set).toarray()
#print 'Fit Vectorizer to train set', trainVectorizerArray
#print 'Transform Vectorizer to test set', testVectorizerArray

transformer.fit(trainVectorizerArray)
#print
#print transformer.transform(trainVectorizerArray).toarray()

transformer.fit(testVectorizerArray)
#print 
tfidf = transformer.transform(testVectorizerArray)
print tfidf.todense()

我得到了这样非常荒谬的结果(值只有 0 和 1，而我期望值介于 0 和 1 之间)。

[[ 0.  0.  1.  0.]
 [ 0.  0.  0.  0.]
 [ 0.  0.  0.  0.]
 [ 0.  0.  0.  0.]
 [ 0.  0.  0.  1.]
 [ 0.  0.  0.  0.]
 [ 1.  0.  0.  0.]]   

我也开放其他库来计算tf-idf。我只想要一个上面提到的正确矩阵。

Answer 1

R 解决方案可能如下所示:

library(tm)
docs <- c(D1 = "The sky is blue.",
          D2 = "The sun is bright.",
          D3 = "The sun in the sky is bright.")
dict <- c("sky","land","sea","water","sun","moon")
mat <- TermDocumentMatrix(Corpus(VectorSource(docs)), 
                          control=list(weighting =  weightTfIdf, 
                                       dictionary = dict))
as.matrix(mat)[dict, ]
#         Docs
# Terms          D1        D2        D3
#   sky   0.5849625 0.0000000 0.2924813
#   land  0.0000000 0.0000000 0.0000000
#   sea   0.0000000 0.0000000 0.0000000
#   water 0.0000000 0.0000000 0.0000000
#   sun   0.0000000 0.5849625 0.2924813
#   moon  0.0000000 0.0000000 0.0000000