python - 如何在 python 中使用另一个类的变量？

Question

如何从非继承的另一个类访问变量？在我的代码中，我尝试使用 quickShot 中的 Ranger 对象从 Dragon 对象访问 hitPoints 类变量> 方法。

class Dragon(object):
    name = "Dragon"
    hitPoints = 25

# Create the Ranger class
class Ranger(object):
    name = "Ranger"
    attack = 80
    defence = 50
    hitPoints = 100

    def __init__(self):
        self = self

    def quickShot(self):
        damage = 25
        test = random.random()
        if test < .8:
            #I cannot access the dragon's hitPoints
            Dragon.hitPoints = Dragon.hitPoints - damage
        else:
            pass

    def concentratedShot(self):
        damage = 50
        chance = random.random()
        if chance <= .5:
            chance = True
        else:
            chance = False

    def heartSeeker(self):
        damage = 100
        chance = random.random()
        if chance <= .3:
            chance = True
        else:
            chance = False

Answer 1

我希望它看起来像:

class Character(object):

    """All Characters have a name and some hit points."""

    def __init__(self, name, hit_points):
        self.name = name # assigned in __init__ so instance attribute
        self.hit_points = hit_points


class Player(Character):

    """Players are Characters, with added attack and defence attributes."""

    def __init__(self, name, hit_points, attack, defence):
        super(Player, self).__init__(name, hit_points) # call superclass
        self.attack = attack
        self.defence = defence

    def _attack(self, other, chance, damage):
        """Generic attack function to reduce duplication."""
        if random.random() <= chance:
            other.hit_points -= damage # works for any Character or subclass

    def quick_attack(self, other):
        """Attack with 80% chance of doing 10 damage."""
        self._attack(other, 0.8, 10)


dragon = Character("Dragon", 25) # dragon is a Character instance
ranger = Player("Ranger", 100, 80, 50) # ranger is a Player instance
ranger.quick_attack(dragon)
print dragon.hit_points

解决这个问题，确保您了解正在发生的事情及其原因，然后在此基础上进行构建。如果你看不懂，我建议你寻找 Python OOP 教程(或 the official docs )；你现在拥有的东西很快就会让你一事无成。

(另请注意奖金 style guide 合规性。)