python - Beautiful Soup 子项的额外换行符

Question

我在 html 片段上使用 BeautifulSoup，如下所示:

 s = """<div class="views-row views-row-1 views-row-odd views-row-  first">
            <span class="views-field views-field-title"> 
                <span class="field-content"><a href="/party-pictures/2015/love-heals">Love Heals</a>
                </span> 
            </span>
            <span class="views-field views-field-created"> 
                <span class="field-content">Friday, March 20, 2015
                </span> 
           </span> 
</div>""" 

soup = BeautifulSoup(s)

为什么s.span只返回第一个span标签？

此外 s.contents 返回一个长度为 4 的列表。两个 span 标签都在列表中，但第 0 个和第 2 个索引是“\n$ 换行符。换行符是无用的。这是有原因的吗？完成了吗？

Answer 1

Why does s.span only return the first span tag?

s.span 是 s.find('span') 的快捷方式它将仅查找 span 标记的第一次出现。

Moreover s.contents returns a list of length 4. Both span tags are in the list but the 0th and 2nd index are "\n$ new line characters. The new line character is useless. Is there a reason why this is done?

根据定义，.contents输出所有元素子元素的列表，包括文本节点 - NavigableString class 的实例.

如果您只想要标签，可以使用find_all():

soup.find_all()

并且，如果只有 span 标签:

soup.find_all('span')

示例:

>>> from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
>>> s = """<div class="views-row views-row-1 views-row-odd views-row-  first">
...             <span class="views-field views-field-title"> 
...                 <span class="field-content"><a href="/party-pictures/2015/love-heals">Love Heals</a>
...                 </span> 
...             </span>
...             <span class="views-field views-field-created"> 
...                 <span class="field-content">Friday, March 20, 2015
...                 </span> 
...            </span> 
... </div>""" 
>>> soup = BeautifulSoup(s)
>>> for span in soup.find_all('span'):
...     print span.text.strip()
... 
Love Heals
Love Heals
Friday, March 20, 2015
Friday, March 20, 2015

重复的原因是存在嵌套的 span 元素。您可以通过不同的方式修复它。例如，您可以仅使用 recursive=False 在 div 内进行搜索:

>>> for span in soup.find('div', class_='views-row-1').find_all('span', recursive=False):
...     print span.text.strip()
... 
Love Heals
Friday, March 20, 2015

或者，您可以使用 CSS Selectors :

>>> for span in soup.select('div.views-row-1 > span'):
...     print span.text.strip()
... 
Love Heals
Friday, March 20, 2015