python - 将文本文件中单独标题下的列保存到单独的列表中

Question

我有以下文本文件:

File A
am001 G13 
am002 U13
am003 A15

File B
am001 C15
am002 U2715
am003 G32   

我想将单独标题下的列值保存到单独的列表中。例如，输出应如下所示:

filea_id = ['am001', 'am002', 'am003']
filea_values = ['G13', 'U13', 'A15']
fileb_id = ['am001', 'am002', 'am003']
fileb_values = ['C15', 'U2715', 'G32']

如何使用 python 来做到这一点？

Answer 1

这是一个经典的例子，itertools 满足了它的期望。

实现

def foo():
    from itertools import izip, imap, takewhile
    with open("temp.txt") as fin:
        def skip(fin):
            # Take/Read all lines from the file and discard which are empty
            takewhile(lambda name: name.strip() == "", fin)
        try:
            while fin:
                # Skip all empty lines
                skip(fin)
                # The next line is the file name
                fname = next(fin).strip()
                # All subsequent lines until the empty line is the content
                # Split the lines and transpose it 
                # Yield the file name and the transposed content
                yield fname, zip(*(imap(str.split, takewhile(lambda n:n.strip(), fin))))
        except StopIteration:
            pass

演示

>>> content ={}
>>> for fname, data in foo():
    content[fname]=data


>>> content
{'File A': [('am001', 'am002', 'am003'), ('G13', 'U13', 'A15')], 'File B': [('am001', 'am002', 'am003'), ('C15', 'U2715', 'G32')]}

说明

[Skip All Empty Lines]                                  [Split each line]     [Transpose]      
    V        
    V        
[The Next Line is the File Name]  fname =  File A                                 
[Read Until an empty line]                 am001 G13       am001 | G13      am001 am002 am003
    V                                      am002 U13 >>>   am002 | U13  >>> G13   U13   A15
    V                                      am003 A15       am003 | A15
[Skip All Empty Lines]
    V
    V    
[The Next Line is the File Name]  fname =  File B           
[Read Until an empty line]                 am001 C15       am001 | C15        am001 am002 am003
    V                                      am002 U2715 >>> am002 | U2715  >>> C15   U2715 G32
    V                                      am003 G32       am003 | G32