mysql - 从数据库中选择一列中的值不同的行，并限制为最新的 5 行

Question

我有一个图像数据库，图像行使用查看它们的最后一个 IP 进行更新，并使用当前时间戳更新 date_updated 列。我正在尝试查看最后 5 张图片，但只有每个不同的 IP 地址，我不希望有人淹没最后查看的结果。

fiddle :: http://sqlfiddle.com/#!2/d5b05/16

期望的结果:从此数据集中选择时所需的结果:

SELECT * FROM `image` ORDER BY `date_updated` DESC;

|   IMAGE | WIDTH | HEIGHT | DATE_ADDED | DATE_UPDATED | UPDATED_BY_IP |
|---------|-------|--------|------------|--------------|---------------|
| 1x1XGY4 |  1920 |   1080 | 1417546414 |   1421712314 |   192.168.0.7 |
| 1x1XGY3 |  1920 |   1080 | 1417546413 |   1421712313 |   192.168.0.7 |
| 1x1XGY2 |  1920 |   1080 | 1417546412 |   1421712312 |  192.168.0.10 |
| 1x1XGY1 |  1920 |   1080 | 1417546411 |   1421712311 |  192.168.0.10 |
| 1oApS54 |  1920 |   1080 | 1417138874 |   1421685474 |   192.168.0.2 |
| 1oApS53 |  1920 |   1080 | 1417138873 |   1421685473 |   192.168.0.2 |
| 1oApS52 |  1920 |   1080 | 1417138872 |   1421685472 |  192.168.0.10 |
| 1oApS51 |  1920 |   1080 | 1417138871 |   1421685471 |  192.168.0.10 |
| 1ydhtQ4 |  1920 |   1080 | 1421460434 |   1421685154 |   192.168.0.6 |
| 1ydhtQ3 |  1920 |   1080 | 1421460433 |   1421685153 |   192.168.0.7 |
| 1ydhtQ2 |  1920 |   1080 | 1421460432 |   1421685152 |  192.168.0.10 |
| 1ydhtQ1 |  1920 |   1080 | 1421460431 |   1421685151 |   192.168.0.5 |
| 1WyQib4 |  1920 |   1080 | 1420869354 |   1421634384 |   192.168.0.8 |
| 1WyQib3 |  1920 |   1080 | 1420869353 |   1421634383 |   192.168.0.2 |
| 1WyQib2 |  1920 |   1080 | 1420869352 |   1421634382 |   192.168.0.3 |
| 1WyQib1 |  1920 |   1080 | 1420869351 |   1421634381 |  192.168.0.10 |
| 1izDqg4 |  1920 |   1080 | 1416948144 |   1421608564 |   192.168.0.2 |
| 1izDqg3 |  1920 |   1080 | 1416948143 |   1421608563 |   192.168.0.2 |
| 1izDqg2 |  1920 |   1080 | 1416948142 |   1421608562 |   192.168.0.5 |
| 1izDqg1 |  1920 |   1080 | 1416948141 |   1421608561 |  192.168.0.10 |

使用伪选择语句:

SELECT * FROM image WHERE updated_by_ip IS DISTINCT ORDER BY date_updated DESC LIMIT 5

|   IMAGE | WIDTH | HEIGHT | DATE_ADDED | DATE_UPDATED | UPDATED_BY_IP |
|---------|-------|--------|------------|--------------|---------------|
| 1x1XGY4 |  1920 |   1080 | 1417546414 |   1421712314 |   192.168.0.7 |
| 1x1XGY2 |  1920 |   1080 | 1417546412 |   1421712312 |  192.168.0.10 |
| 1oApS54 |  1920 |   1080 | 1417138874 |   1421685474 |   192.168.0.2 |
| 1ydhtQ4 |  1920 |   1080 | 1421460434 |   1421685154 |   192.168.0.6 |
| 1ydhtQ1 |  1920 |   1080 | 1421460431 |   1421685151 |   192.168.0.5 |

壁橱结果:

我能想到的最好的是:

SELECT DISTINCT updated_by_ip, MAX(date_updated) AS date_updated 
FROM `image` GROUP BY updated_by_ip ORDER BY date_updated DESC LIMIT 5;

这给了我:

| UPDATED_BY_IP | DATE_UPDATED |
|---------------|--------------|
|   192.168.0.7 |   1421712314 |
|  192.168.0.10 |   1421712312 |
|   192.168.0.2 |   1421685474 |
|   192.168.0.6 |   1421685154 |
|   192.168.0.5 |   1421685151 |

其中我可以做一个

while (SELECT DISTINCT updated_by_ip ...)
{
    $result_rows[] = SELECT * FROM image 
                    WHERE updated_by_ip = query[updated_by_ip] 
                    AND date_updated = query[date_updated] LIMIT 1
}

但是，希望找到一种方法来做到这一点，而不必进行大量的后处理和额外的查询，而且通过 updated_by_ip 和 date_updated 进行选择似乎不太稳定。

谢谢。

Answer 1

要在没有 MySQL GROUP BY 扩展的情况下做到这一点，你可以试试这个:

首先，使用此子查询从五个不同的 IP 号码获取最近的更新时间。

     SELECT updated_by_ip, MAX(date_updated) as date_updated
       FROM image  
      GROUP BY updated_by_ip
      ORDER BY 2 DESC
      LIMIT 5

如果您的表很大，(updated_by_ip, date_updated) 上的索引将有助于提高性能。

然后，将其连接到该子查询的主查询以获得结果。

SELECT i.*
  FROM image i
  JOIN (
         SELECT updated_by_ip, MAX(date_updated) as date_updated
           FROM image  
          GROUP BY updated_by_ip
          ORDER BY 2 DESC
          LIMIT 5
        ) m USING(updated_by_ip, date_updated)
ORDER BY i.date_updated DESC

看这个:http://sqlfiddle.com/#!2/d5b05/21/0