c# - 使用 System.Xml.Serialization.XmlSerializer 反序列化有效 xml 文件的差异

Question

一个相当复杂的问题，所以在此先感谢。以下两个 xml 文件均针对给定的模式进行验证，但在尝试使用 .Net 的 XmlSerializer 进行反序列化时，只有第一个文件正确执行:

<ex:iso_10303_28 xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://www.iai-tech.org/ifcXML/IFC2x3/FINAL" version="2.0" xmlns:ex="urn:iso.org:standard:10303:part(28):version(2):xmlschema:common">
  <ex:iso_10303_28_header>
    <ex:name>An Example</ex:name>
    <ex:time_stamp>2010-11-12T13:04:00</ex:time_stamp>
    <ex:author>John Hancock</ex:author>
    <ex:organization>MegaCorp</ex:organization>
    <ex:preprocessor_version>a preprocessor</ex:preprocessor_version>
    <ex:originating_system>IfcXml dotNet Library</ex:originating_system>
    <ex:authorization>none</ex:authorization>
    <ex:documentation>documentation</ex:documentation>
  </ex:iso_10303_28_header>
  <ex:uos xsi:type="uos" id="uos_1" configuration="i-ifc2x3">
    <ex:Entity xsi:type="IfcOrganization" id="i1101">
      <Id xsi:nil="true" />
      <Name>MegaCorp</Name>
      <Description xsi:nil="true" />
      <Roles xsi:nil="true" />
      <Addresses xsi:nil="true" />
    </ex:Entity>
    <ex:Entity xsi:type="IfcCartesianPoint" id="i101">
      <Coordinates ex:itemType="ifc:IfcLengthMeasure" ex:cType="list">
        <IfcLengthMeasure>2500</IfcLengthMeasure>
        <IfcLengthMeasure>0</IfcLengthMeasure>
        <IfcLengthMeasure>0</IfcLengthMeasure>
      </Coordinates>
    </ex:Entity>
    <ex:Entity xsi:type="IfcDirection" id="i102">
      <DirectionRatios ex:itemType="ex:double-wrapper" ex:cType="list">
        <ex:double-wrapper>0</ex:double-wrapper>
        <ex:double-wrapper>1</ex:double-wrapper>
        <ex:double-wrapper>0</ex:double-wrapper>
      </DirectionRatios>
    </ex:Entity>
  </ex:uos>
</ex:iso_10303_28>

但是第二个文件反序列化不正确，在下面的(iso_10303_28.uos as uos1).Items中被反序列化为null:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<ex:iso_10303_28
    xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:ex=
    "urn:iso.org:standard:10303:part(28):version(2):xmlschema:common"
    xmlns="http://www.iai-tech.org/ifcXML/IFC2x3/FINAL"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.iai-tech.org/ifcXML/IFC2x3/FINAL
    http://www.iai-tech.org/ifcXML/IFC2x3/FINAL/IFC2x3.xsd"
    version="2.0">
    <ex:iso_10303_28_header>
        <ex:name>An Example</ex:name>
        <ex:time_stamp>2010-11-12T13:04:00</ex:time_stamp>
        <ex:author>John Hancock</ex:author>
        <ex:organization>MegaCorp</ex:organization>
        <ex:preprocessor_version>a preprocessor</ex:preprocessor_version>
        <ex:originating_system>IfcXml dotNet Library</ex:originating_system>
        <ex:authorization>none</ex:authorization>
        <ex:documentation>documentation</ex:documentation>
    </ex:iso_10303_28_header>
    <uos id="uos_1" description="" configuration="i-ifc2x3" edo="">
        <IfcOrganization id="i1101">
            <Name>MegaCorp</Name>
        </IfcOrganization>
        <IfcCartesianPoint id="i101">
            <Coordinates>
                <IfcLengthMeasure>2500.0</IfcLengthMeasure>
                <IfcLengthMeasure>0.0</IfcLengthMeasure>
                <IfcLengthMeasure>0.0</IfcLengthMeasure>
            </Coordinates>
        </IfcCartesianPoint>
        <IfcDirection id="i102">
            <DirectionRatios>
                <ex:double-wrapper>0.</ex:double-wrapper>
                <ex:double-wrapper>1.</ex:double-wrapper>
                <ex:double-wrapper>0.</ex:double-wrapper>
            </DirectionRatios>
        </IfcDirection>
    </uos>
</ex:iso_10303_28>

我的反序列化器本质上是:

iso_10303_28 deserialized = (iso_10303_28)serializer.Deserialize( reader );

//using NUnit
Assert.IsNotNull(deserialized);
Assert.IsNotNull(deserialized.uos);
uos1 uos1 = deserialized.uos as uos1;
Assert.IsNotNull(uos1);
Assert.IsNotNull(uos1.Items); //<---FAILS HERE
Assert.AreEqual(3, uos1.Items.length);

uos 类是:

[System.Xml.Serialization.XmlTypeAttribute(TypeName="uos", Namespace="http://www.iai-tech.org/ifcXML/IFC2x3/FINAL")]
[System.Xml.Serialization.XmlRootAttribute("uos", Namespace="http://www.iai-tech.org/ifcXML/IFC2x3/FINAL", IsNullable=false)]
public partial class uos1 : uos {

    private Entity[] itemsField;

    /// <remarks/>
    [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlElementAttribute("Entity", Namespace="urn:iso.org:standard:10303:part(28):version(2):xmlschema:common")]
    public Entity[] Items {
        get {
            return this.itemsField;
        }
        set {
            this.itemsField = value;
        }
    }
}

[System.Xml.Serialization.XmlIncludeAttribute(typeof(uos1))]    
[System.Xml.Serialization.XmlTypeAttribute( Namespace="urn:iso.org:standard:10303:part(28):version(2):xmlschema:common")]
public partial class uos {

    private string idField;

    private string[] expressField;

    private string[] configurationField;

    private string[] schemaLocationField;

    private string edoField;

    private string descriptionField;

    /// <remarks/>
    [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute(DataType="ID")]
    public string id {
        get {
            return this.idField;
        }
        set {
            this.idField = value;
        }
    }

    /// <remarks/>
    [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute(DataType="anyURI")]
    public string[] express {
        get {
            return this.expressField;
        }
        set {
            this.expressField = value;
        }
    }

    /// <remarks/>
    [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute(DataType="anyURI")]
    public string[] configuration {
        get {
            return this.configurationField;
        }
        set {
            this.configurationField = value;
        }
    }

    /// <remarks/>
    [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute(DataType="anyURI")]
    public string[] schemaLocation {
        get {
            return this.schemaLocationField;
        }
        set {
            this.schemaLocationField = value;
        }
    }

    /// <remarks/>
    [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute(DataType="anyURI")]
    public string edo {
        get {
            return this.edoField;
        }
        set {
            this.edoField = value;
        }
    }

    /// <remarks/>
    [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]
    public string description {
        get {
            return this.descriptionField;
        }
        set {
            this.descriptionField = value;
        }
    }
}

iso_10303_28 的类如下:

[System.Xml.Serialization.XmlTypeAttribute(AnonymousType=true, Namespace="urn:iso.org:standard:10303:part(28):version(2):xmlschema:common")]
[System.Xml.Serialization.XmlRootAttribute(Namespace="urn:iso.org:standard:10303:part(28):version(2):xmlschema:common", IsNullable=false)]
public partial class iso_10303_28 {

    private iso_10303_28_header iso_10303_28_headerField;

    private uos uosField;

    private string versionField;

    /// <remarks/>
    public iso_10303_28_header iso_10303_28_header {
        get {
            return this.iso_10303_28_headerField;
        }
        set {
            this.iso_10303_28_headerField = value;
        }
    }

    public enum uosChoice
    {
        [XmlEnum("http://www.iai-tech.org/ifcXML/IFC2x3/FINAL:uos")]
        uos1,
        [XmlEnum("urn:iso.org:standard:10303:part(28):version(2):xmlschema:common:uos")]
        uos
    }

    [XmlIgnore()]
    public uosChoice uosChoiceField;

    [XmlChoiceIdentifier("uosChoiceField")]
    [XmlElement(ElementName = "uos", Namespace = "http://www.iai-tech.org/ifcXML/IFC2x3/FINAL", Type = typeof(uos1))]
    [XmlElement(ElementName = "uos", Namespace = "urn:iso.org:standard:10303:part(28):version(2):xmlschema:common")]
    public uos uos {
        get {
            return this.uosField;
        }
        set {
            this.uosField = value;
        }
    }

    /// <remarks/>
    [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]
    public string version {
        get {
            return this.versionField;
        }
        set {
            this.versionField = value;
        }
    }
}

有没有人遇到过这个问题？是否有一个原因？我错过了什么吗？有修复或解决方法吗？

由于模式和代码的其余部分相当大，并且试图将它们简化为最少的失败部分会导致更多问题(请参阅 this question)我没有将它们粘贴到此处。但是，如果需要，可以在 http://code.google.com/p/ifc-dotnet/ 找到此问题的模式、单元测试和源代码。

Answer 1

这两个 XML 文件不一样，在文件 1 中，us 在 ex 下是合格的，所以它在 "urn:iso.org:standard:10303:part(28):version(2):xmlschema:common "命名空间，而在第二个中它不是并且在默认命名空间下。

在 uos 类型的类“iso_10303_28”属性 uos 中，这意味着 XmlSerializer 将期望名称为“uos”的元素(默认情况下)在与类描述的 iso_10303_28 和“xsi:type”“uos”相同的命名空间下'uos' - 在相同的 - “urn:iso.org:standard:10303:part(28):version(2):xmlschema:common”命名空间下。所以这解释了为什么你在第二个 xml 中得到 null。如果您无法控制 xml - 并且您应该能够反序列化其中任何一个，请尝试以下操作

1. 除非由 XmlInclude 属性指定，否则类型 uos 不知道类型 uos1。我认为您在 uos 类上另外添加了一个 XmlInclude 属性以将 uos1 包含为已知类型。如果不是 - 序列化器将不会反序列化第一个文件。如果不是 - 你应该按照下面的方式做

   [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlInclude(typeof(uos1))] [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlTypeAttribute(Namespace = "urn:iso.org:standard:10303:part(28):version(2):xmlschema:common")] 公共(public)部分类 uos {

   }
   

2. 您可以为属性 iso_10303_28.uos 添加 XmlElement 属性以接受任一命名空间下的名称 - 并使用选择标识符或使用“uos[]”而不是“uos”作为类型。使用选择标识符 - 它可以完成为

[System.Xml.Serialization.XmlRootAttribute(Namespace = "urn:iso.org:standard:10303:part(28):version(2):xmlschema:common", IsNullable = false)] 公共(public)部分类 iso_10303_28 { 私有(private) uos uosField;

    public enum uosChoice
    {
        [XmlEnum("http://www.iai-tech.org/ifcXML/IFC2x3/FINAL:uos")]
        uos,
        [XmlEnum("urn:iso.org:standard:10303:part(28):version(2):xmlschema:common:uos")]
        uos1
    }

    [XmlIgnore]
    public uosChoice uosChoiceField;

    [XmlChoiceIdentifier("uosChoiceField")]
    [XmlElement(ElementName = "uos", Namespace = "http://www.iai-tech.org/ifcXML/IFC2x3/FINAL", Type = typeof(uos1))]
    [XmlElement(ElementName = "uos", Namespace = "urn:iso.org:standard:10303:part(28):version(2):xmlschema:common")]
    public uos uos
    {
        get
        {
            return this.uosField;
        }
        set
        {
            this.uosField = value;
        }
    }


}

编辑:要正确解析 Items，请像这样修改 uos1

 [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlTypeAttribute(TypeName = "uos", Namespace = "http://www.iai-tech.org/ifcXML/IFC2x3/FINAL")]
    [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlRootAttribute("uos", Namespace = "http://www.iai-tech.org/ifcXML/IFC2x3/FINAL", IsNullable = false)]
    public partial class uos1 : uos
    {
        private Entity[] itemsField;

        /// <remarks/>
        [XmlElement(ElementName = "Entity", Namespace = "urn:iso.org:standard:10303:part(28):version(2):xmlschema:common", Type = typeof(Entity))]
        [XmlElement(ElementName = "IfcOrganization", Namespace = "http://www.iai-tech.org/ifcXML/IFC2x3/FINAL", Type = typeof(IfcOrganization))]
        [XmlElement(ElementName = "IfcCartesianPoint", Namespace = "http://www.iai-tech.org/ifcXML/IFC2x3/FINAL", Type = typeof(IfcCartesianPoint))]
        [XmlElement(ElementName = "IfcDirection", Namespace = "http://www.iai-tech.org/ifcXML/IFC2x3/FINAL", Type = typeof(IfcDirection))]
        public Entity[] Items
        {
            get
            {
                return this.itemsField;
            }
            set
            {
                this.itemsField = value;
            }
        }

    }

 [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlTypeAttribute(TypeName = "IfcOrganization", Namespace = "http://www.iai-tech.org/ifcXML/IFC2x3/FINAL")]
    public class IfcOrganization : Entity
    {

    }

    [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlTypeAttribute(TypeName = "IfcCartesianPoint", Namespace = "http://www.iai-tech.org/ifcXML/IFC2x3/FINAL")]
    public class IfcCartesianPoint : Entity
    {

    }

    [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlTypeAttribute(TypeName = "IfcDirection", Namespace = "http://www.iai-tech.org/ifcXML/IFC2x3/FINAL")]
    public class IfcDirection : Entity
    {

    }

    [XmlInclude(typeof(IfcOrganization))]
    [XmlInclude(typeof(IfcCartesianPoint))]
    [XmlInclude(typeof(IfcDirection))]
    [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlTypeAttribute(TypeName = "Entity", Namespace = "urn:iso.org:standard:10303:part(28):version(2):xmlschema:common")]
    public class Entity
    {

    }