python - 移动时 Cx_freeze .exe 将无法工作

Question

我从一组脚本中制作了一个 cx_freeexe .exe，该脚本在原始构建文件夹中运行良好。然而，当我将它移动到我们的分析计算机上时，我得到了以下错误:

C:\Program Files\Davidek\Davidek beta 1.2.0>Davidek.exe
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\cx_Freeze\initscripts\__start
up__.py", line 12, in <module>
  File "C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\cx_Freeze\initscripts\Console
.py", line 24, in <module>
  File "Davidek.py", line 11, in <module>
  File "C:\Users\Max\Scilifelab\Projects\Master thesis\Davidek\Code\TICwriter.py
", line 7, in <module>
  File "C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\__init__.py", line
 122, in <module>
  File "C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\cbook.py", line 32
, in <module>
  File "C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\numpy\__init__.py", line 142,
 in <module>
  File "C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\numpy\add_newdocs.py", line 1
3, in <module>
  File "C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\numpy\lib\__init__.py", line
8, in <module>
  File "C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\numpy\lib\type_check.py", lin
e 11, in <module>
  File "C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\numpy\core\__init__.py", line
 14, in <module>
ImportError: DLL load failed: The specified module could not be found.

C:\Program Files\Davidek\Davidek beta 1.2.0>PAUSE
Press any key to continue . . .

这是代码“TICwriter.py”，似乎导致了问题:

import matplotlib
#Forces matplotlib to not show plot:
matplotlib.use('Agg')
import matplotlib.pyplot as pl    
import os

def TICwriter(TIC, dataFile, saveDirectory):
    """ Saves a TIC file as a .png in the specified saveDirectory under a 
        output subdirectory.
    """
    #Create savename from data file name:
    savefile =  dataFile.split('/')[-1].split('.')[0] + '_TIC.png'
    #Create ouput directory:
    saveDirectory = os.path.join(saveDirectory, 'output/')
    os.makedirs(os.path.dirname(saveDirectory), exist_ok=True)
    #Plot figure:
    Plot = pl.figure()
    TICplot = Plot.add_subplot(111)
    TICplot.plot([d[0] for d in TIC], [d[1] for d in TIC])

    #Save and close plot:
    pl.savefig(saveDirectory + savefile)
    pl.close(Plot)

在我看来，问题是由 matplotlib 引起的，因为错误发生在第 7 行:

import matplotlib

我的构建脚本如下所示:

import sys
from os import environ
from os.path import dirname
from cx_Freeze import setup, Executable
import scipy
scipy_path = dirname(scipy.__file__)


# Set the TCL and TK library explicitly (it seems like the python 3.6 causes
# errors otherwise):
environ['TCL_LIBRARY'] = r'C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\tcl\tcl8.6'
environ['TK_LIBRARY'] = r'C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\tcl\tk8.6'


#Inclusion of dll files to fix tkinter import:
include_files = [r'C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\DLLs\tcl86t.dll', 
                 r'C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\DLLs\tk86t.dll', 
                 scipy_path]
#Inclusion of modules that need to be explicitly imported for some reason:
packages = []#['pyteomics']

#Dependencies that are not implicitly detected:
build_exe_options = {'includes': ['numpy.core._methods', 'numpy.lib.format', 'numpy.matlib'], 
                     'excludes': [],
                     'include_files': include_files, 
                     'packages': packages}

# GUI applications require a different base on Windows (the default is for a
# console application).
base = "Console"

#if sys.platform == 'win32':
#    base = 'Win32GUI'

setup(  name = 'Davidek beta 1.1.1',
        version = '1.1.1',
        options = {'build_exe': build_exe_options},
        executables = [Executable('Davidek.py', base=base)])

在我看来，.exe 尝试在创建可执行文件的计算机的原始文件夹中查找 matplotlib 模块，即使 matplotlib 包含在构建文件夹中。每当我从原始计算机运行 .exe 时，它​​都会正常运行，即使我从原始文件夹中移动构建版本也是如此。我在 64 位 Windows 10 上使用 python 3.6。对此的任何建议将不胜感激。如果需要更多信息，请告诉我。

谢谢。

Answer 1

我设法修复了它，所以我们为将来遇到此问题的任何人提供帮助:可以通过从“C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\Library\bin”(或“.. .\Anaconda3\Library\bin") 到您的构建文件夹:

• mkl_core.dll
• mkl_intel_thread.dll
• mkl_def.dll
• libiomp5md.dll