python - 我需要有关如何在 Django 中实现复选框的建议

Question

我正在尝试创建一种学生可以注册教师类(class)的方式。我向 StudentData 模型添加了一个 bool 字段，然后向我的 Course 模型添加了一个多对多字段。我的每个类(class)页面都是生成的 slug 页面，其中列出了所有学生。我希望每个学生附近都会显示一个复选框。如果老师选择更多学生并按下注册按钮，则只有这些学生可以查看类(class)。

现在，模板条件我可以自己完成，但我一直坚持使用复选框以正确的方式更新数据。这是样板:

<ul>
    {% for student in students %}
        <br>
        <br>
        {{ student.name }} {{ student.surname }}<input type='checkbox' {% ifequal value 0 %}checked{% endifequal %}> 0
        <br>
        <br>
    {% endfor %}
</ul>
<div class="row">
    <div class="col-md-4">
        <div class="pagination">
            <span class="step-links">
                {% if students.has_previous %}
                    <a href="?page=1">&laquo; first</a>
                    <a href="?page={{ students.previous_page_number }}">previous</a>
                {% endif %}
                <span class="current">
                    {{ students.number }}
                </span>
                {% if students.has_next %}
                        <a href="?page={{ students.next_page_number }}">next</a>
                        <a href="?page={{ students.paginator.num_pages }}">last &raquo;</a>
                {% endif %}
            </span>
        </div>
    </div>
    <div class="col-md-4">
        <button class="btn-success">Enroll</button>    
    </div>
</div>

class StudentDataForm(forms.ModelForm):
    enrolled = forms.BooleanField()

    def __init__(self):
        if self.checked:
            self.fields['enrolled'].initial = True

    class Meta:
        model = StudentData
        fields = ('enrolled', )

class StudentData(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=30)
    surname = models.CharField(max_length=50)
    student_ID = models.CharField(unique=True, max_length=14)
    notes = models.CharField(max_length=255, default=None, blank=True)
    enrolled = models.BooleanField(default=False)
    course = models.ManyToManyField('Course', default=None, blank=True)

class Course(models.Model):
    study_programme = models.ForeignKey('StudyProgramme', on_delete=models.CASCADE, default='')
    name = models.CharField(max_length=50, unique=True)
    ects = models.PositiveSmallIntegerField(validators=[MaxValueValidator(99)])
    description = models.TextField()
    year = models.PositiveSmallIntegerField(validators=[MaxValueValidator(99)])
    semester = models.IntegerField(choices=((1, "1"),
                                            (2, "2"),
                                            ), default=None)
    teacher1 = models.ForeignKey('TeacherData', on_delete=models.CASCADE, default=None,
                                 verbose_name="Course Teacher", related_name='%(class)s_course_teacher')
    teacher2 = models.ForeignKey('TeacherData', on_delete=models.CASCADE, default=None, null=True,
                                 verbose_name="Seminar Teacher", related_name='%(class)s_seminar_teacher')
    slug = models.SlugField(max_length=150, unique=True)

Answer 1

为什么有 2 个类似的问题？ Need advice on implementing feature regarding Django models

就个人而言，最好在Course模型中拥有与类(class)和学生相关的ManyToManyField。这很简单，因为在此之后，您所需要做的就是加载表单并发布它。然后:

class Course(models.Model):
    # all your fields
    students = models.ManyToManyField(StudentData)

class CourseForm(forms.ModelForm):
    class Meta:
        model = Course
        fields = "__all__"

默认情况下，表单中的ManyToManyField 由SelectMultiple 小部件表示。如果您喜欢复选框:

class CourseForm(forms.ModelForm):
        class Meta:
            model = Course
            fields = "__all__"
            widgets = {
                'students': forms.CheckboxSelectMultiple
            }

在您的模板中，只需加载表单{{form}}，教师就会通过复选框选择类(class)中的学生。每个学生都将通过使用反向 ManyToManyField 关系进行过滤来查看类(class):

student = Student.objects.get(name='John', surname='Doe')
courses = student.course_set.all() # These are all the courses where the student is enrolled

这就是ManyToManyField的优点。您可以从 CourseForm 分配学生，并使用反向关系 course_set 从学生模型访问他们。