python - 在 4GB 文件上运行 python 脚本时出现内存错误

Question

我正在尝试计算长度在 1 到 5 之间的单词数，文件大小约为 4GB，最终出现内存错误。

import os 
files = os.listdir('C:/Users/rram/Desktop/') 
for file_name in files:     
    file_path = "C:/Users/rram/Desktop/"+file_name     
    f = open (file_path, 'r')    
    text = f.readlines()
    update_text = '' 
    wordcount = {}
    for line in text:         
        arr = line.split("|")
        word = arr[13]
        if 1<=len(word)<6:
            if word not in wordcount:
                wordcount[word] = 1
        else:
            wordcount[word] += 1
            update_text+= '|'.join(arr)
print (wordcount)     #print update_text
print 'closing', file_path, '\t', 'total files' , '\n\n'
f.close()

最后我在这一行得到一个MemoryError text = f.readlines()

请您帮忙优化一下。

Answer 1

正如评论中所建议的，您应该逐行阅读文件，而不是整个文件。

例如:

count = 0
with open('words.txt','r') as f:
    for line in f:
        for word in line.split():
          if(1 <= len(word) <=5):
              count=count+1
print(count)

编辑:

如果您只想计算第 14 列中的单词数并按 | 分割，则:

count = 0
with open('words.txt','r') as f:
    for line in f:
        iterator = 0
        for word in line.split("|"):
            if(1 <= len(word) <=5 and iterator == 13):
                count=count+1
            iterator = iterator +1
print(count)

请注意，您应该避免这样写

arr = line.split("|")
word = arr[13]

因为该行包含的单词可能少于 14 个，这可能会导致段错误。