c# - SlimDX : How to draw multiple objects?

Question

好的 - 我是 SlimDX、DirectX 和一般图形编程的新手，我需要加快速度。

我正在尝试开发一个原型(prototype)应用程序来可视化和调试我最终将在非图形应用程序中使用的数据。

我已经学习了三个 SlimDX 教程，并且开始掌握所使用的方法，但是我遇到了障碍，因为我不知道如何绘制多个对象。 ...

SimpleTriangle 示例展示了如何绘制单个三角形。我正在尝试扩展该示例以绘制两个三角形。我现在对使用实例等不感兴趣，因为通常我的应用程序中的对象都是不同的——我在这里只使用两个三角形，因为修改现有的顶点数据很容易....

我在这里包含了示例的修改源，我希望有人能帮助我克服这个基本障碍。

我所做的是，

1) 创建第二个顶点数据数组(将第一个三角形沿 x 轴偏移一个单位)2)创建第二个缓冲区并用我的新数组中的顶点数据填充它3) 创建绑定(bind)顶点数组的 VertexBufferBindings4)将两个VertexBufferBdings放入数组中5) 将 VertexBufferBinding 数组发送到 Input Assembler6) 绘制

我在屏幕上看到的只是第一个三角形。如果我切换三角形的顺序，我确实会看到偏移三角形。我只是不能同时看到两者....

这是代码。

如果有任何帮助，我将不胜感激......

道格

using System.Windows.Forms;
using SlimDX;
using SlimDX.D3DCompiler;
using SlimDX.Direct3D11;
using SlimDX.DXGI;
using SlimDX.Windows;
using Device = SlimDX.Direct3D11.Device;
using Resource = SlimDX.Direct3D11.Resource;

namespace SimpleTriangle
{
    static class Program
    {
        static void Main()
        {
            Device device;
            SwapChain swapChain;
            ShaderSignature inputSignature;
            VertexShader vertexShader;
            PixelShader pixelShader;

            var form = new RenderForm("Tutorial 3: Simple Triangle");
            var description = new SwapChainDescription()
            {
                BufferCount = 2,
                Usage = Usage.RenderTargetOutput,
                OutputHandle = form.Handle,
                IsWindowed = true,
                ModeDescription = new ModeDescription(0, 0, new Rational(60, 1), Format.R8G8B8A8_UNorm),
                SampleDescription = new SampleDescription(1, 0),
                Flags = SwapChainFlags.AllowModeSwitch,
                SwapEffect = SwapEffect.Discard
            };

            Device.CreateWithSwapChain(DriverType.Hardware, DeviceCreationFlags.None, description, out device, out swapChain);

            // create a view of our render target, which is the backbuffer of the swap chain we just created
            RenderTargetView renderTarget;
            using (var resource = Resource.FromSwapChain<Texture2D>(swapChain, 0))
                renderTarget = new RenderTargetView(device, resource);

            // setting a viewport is required if you want to actually see anything
            var context = device.ImmediateContext;
            var viewport = new Viewport(0.0f, 0.0f, form.ClientSize.Width, form.ClientSize.Height);
            context.OutputMerger.SetTargets(renderTarget);
            context.Rasterizer.SetViewports(viewport);

            // load and compile the vertex shader
            using (var bytecode = ShaderBytecode.CompileFromFile("triangle.fx", "VShader", "vs_4_0", ShaderFlags.None, EffectFlags.None))
            {
                inputSignature = ShaderSignature.GetInputSignature(bytecode);
                vertexShader = new VertexShader(device, bytecode);
            }

            // load and compile the pixel shader
            using (var bytecode = ShaderBytecode.CompileFromFile("triangle.fx", "PShader", "ps_4_0", ShaderFlags.None, EffectFlags.None))
                pixelShader = new PixelShader(device, bytecode);

            // create test vertex data, making sure to rewind the stream afterward
            var vertices = new DataStream(12 * 3, true, true);
            vertices.Write(new Vector3(0.0f, 0.5f, 0.5f));
            vertices.Write(new Vector3(0.5f, -0.5f, 0.5f));
            vertices.Write(new Vector3(-0.5f, -0.5f, 0.5f));
            vertices.Position = 0;


            //Create the second triangle - offset from the first
            var vertices2 = new DataStream(12 * 3, true, true);
            vertices2.Write(new Vector3(1.0f, 0.5f, 0.5f));
            vertices2.Write(new Vector3(1.5f, -0.5f, 0.5f));
            vertices2.Write(new Vector3(0.5f, -0.5f, 0.5f));
            vertices2.Position = 0;

            // create the vertex layout
            var elements = new[] { new InputElement("POSITION", 0, Format.R32G32B32_Float, 0) };
            var layout = new InputLayout(device, inputSignature, elements);

            // Create the vertex buffers
            var vertexBuffer = new Buffer(device, vertices, 12 * 3, ResourceUsage.Default, BindFlags.VertexBuffer, CpuAccessFlags.None, ResourceOptionFlags.None, 0);
            var vertexBuffer2 = new Buffer(device, vertices2, 12 * 3, ResourceUsage.Default, BindFlags.VertexBuffer, CpuAccessFlags.None, ResourceOptionFlags.None, 0);

            // Bind the vertex buffer
            var vertexBufferBindings = new VertexBufferBinding[2];
            vertexBufferBindings[0] = new VertexBufferBinding(vertexBuffer, 12, 0);
            vertexBufferBindings[1] = new VertexBufferBinding(vertexBuffer2, 12, 0);

            // configure the Input Assembler portion of the pipeline with the vertex data
            context.InputAssembler.InputLayout = layout;
            context.InputAssembler.PrimitiveTopology = PrimitiveTopology.TriangleList;
            context.InputAssembler.SetVertexBuffers(0, vertexBufferBindings);

            // set the shaders
            context.VertexShader.Set(vertexShader);
            context.PixelShader.Set(pixelShader);

            // prevent DXGI handling of alt+enter, which doesn't work properly with Winforms
            using (var factory = swapChain.GetParent<Factory>())
                factory.SetWindowAssociation(form.Handle, WindowAssociationFlags.IgnoreAltEnter);

            // handle alt+enter ourselves
            form.KeyDown += (o, e) =>
            {
                if (e.Alt && e.KeyCode == Keys.Enter)
                    swapChain.IsFullScreen = !swapChain.IsFullScreen;
            };

            // handle form size changes
            form.UserResized += (o, e) =>
            {
                renderTarget.Dispose();

                swapChain.ResizeBuffers(2, 0, 0, Format.R8G8B8A8_UNorm, SwapChainFlags.AllowModeSwitch);
                using (var resource = Resource.FromSwapChain<Texture2D>(swapChain, 0))
                    renderTarget = new RenderTargetView(device, resource);

                context.OutputMerger.SetTargets(renderTarget);
            };

            MessagePump.Run(form, () =>
            {
                // clear the render target to a soothing blue
                context.ClearRenderTargetView(renderTarget, new Color4(0.5f, 0.5f, 1.0f));

                // draw the triangle              
                context.Draw(3, 0);

                swapChain.Present(0, PresentFlags.None);
            });

            // clean up all resources
            // anything we missed will show up in the debug output
            vertices.Close();
            vertices2.Close();
            vertexBuffer.Dispose();
            layout.Dispose();
            inputSignature.Dispose();
            vertexShader.Dispose();
            pixelShader.Dispose();
            renderTarget.Dispose();
            swapChain.Dispose();
            device.Dispose();
        }
    }
}

Answer 1

您应该设置彼此独立的顶点缓冲区:

//initializing...
var vbb1 = new VertexBufferBinding[] { new VertexBufferBinding(vertexBuffer, 12, 0) };
var vbb2 = new VertexBufferBinding[] { new VertexBufferBinding(vertexBuffer2, 12, 0) };

//in the render loop
context.InputAssembler.SetVertexBuffers(0, vbb1);
context.Draw(3, 0);

context.InputAssembler.SetVertexBuffers(0, vbb2);
context.Draw(3, 0);

当您在一次绘制调用中需要来自这些缓冲区的数据时，可以同时将两个顶点缓冲区绑定(bind)到输入汇编程序。例如。如果您在一个缓冲区中有位置数据而在另一个缓冲区中有颜色数据。