python 按模式列出作品中的变量(Python 相当于 R ls(pattern ="namepattern")

Question

列出当前工作空间中存在的与特定模式匹配的所有变量的 python 命令是什么？例如，列出工作区中以“ABC”开头的所有现有变量/对象

Answer 1

您可以通过在 locals()(或 globals())上调用 copy 来创建本地变量的副本，以进行搜索变量名称和值的键值对，然后对生成的字典执行您想要的操作

import copy
ABCD = 'woof' # create the name and value of our var
local_dict = copy.copy(locals()) # create a shallow copy of all local variables, you don't want to iterate through a constantly changing dict
for name, value in d.items():
    if name.startswith('ABC'):
         print(name, value)

调用 help(locals) 会给你这样的解释:

locals()
    Return a dictionary containing the current scope's local variables.

    NOTE: Whether or not updates to this dictionary will affect name lookups in
    the local scope and vice-versa is *implementation dependent* and not
    covered by any backwards compatibility guarantees.

编辑:

这是一个较短的单行文字，仅用于名称: [name for name in copy.copy(locals().keys()) if name.startswith('ABC')]