python - 检查它们是否相同

Question

我想从文本文件中读取并打印具有相同首三个字母的前三个单词。我可以得到前 3 个缩写，但无法检查它们是否相同。

这是我的代码:

def main():
  f = open("words.txt", "r+")

  # The loop that prints the initial letters
  for word in f.read().split():
     # the part that takes the 3 initials letters of the word
      initials = [j[:3] for j in word.split()]

      print(initials)

words.txt

when, where, loop, stack, wheel, wheeler 

输出

Answer 1

您可以使用从前 3 个字母到单词列表的映射。 collections.defaultdict可以在这里为您节省一些击键次数:

from collections import defaultdict

def get_words():
    d = defaultdict(list)
    with open('words.txt') as f:            
        for line in f:
            for word in line.split(', '):
                prefix = word[:3]
                d[prefix].append(word)
                if len(d[prefix]) == 3:
                    return d[prefix]
    return []

print(get_words())  # ['when', 'where', 'wheel']