python - 如何将 y 轴刻度标签设置在固定位置，以便当我向左或向右滚动时 y 轴刻度标签应该可见？

Question

在我的程序中，我首先绘制了图形，然后将图形导入到 Canvas 中。然后我将 Canvas 导入滚动区域。当我运行程序时，如果我向左滚动，yaxis 刻度标签会隐藏，或者我向右转动，yaxis 刻度标签也会隐藏。我已经采取了两个轴。轴，轴2。我已经设置了axes2.yaxis.tick_right()和axes.yaxis.tick_right()。

我希望 yaxis 刻度标签将保持在右侧并且 alyas 可见，无论我向左或向右滚动。

import sys
from matplotlib.backends.backend_qt5agg import FigureCanvasQTAgg as FigureCanvas
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from matplotlib.figure import Figure
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QMainWindow,QVBoxLayout
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QApplication
from PyQt5 import QtCore, QtGui, QtWidgets
import datetime
from matplotlib.dates import num2date, date2num
from mpl_finance import candlestick_ochl as candlestick
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.ticker as ticker
import matplotlib.dates as mdates
import pylab as pl
class MainWindow_code_serarch(object):

    def setup_code_serarch(self, MainWindow):
        MainWindow.setObjectName("MainWindow")
        MainWindow.resize(870, 680)
        self.centralwidget = QtWidgets.QWidget(MainWindow)
        self.centralwidget.setObjectName("centralwidget")
        self.verticalLayoutWidget1 = QtWidgets.QWidget(self.centralwidget)
        self.verticalLayoutWidget1.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(17, 30, 741, 13))
        self.verticalLayoutWidget1.setObjectName("verticalLayoutWidget")
        self.verticalLayout1 = QtWidgets.QVBoxLayout(self.verticalLayoutWidget1)
        self.verticalLayout1.setContentsMargins(0, 0, 0, 0)
        self.verticalLayout1.setObjectName("verticalLayout1")
        self.verticalLayoutWidget = QtWidgets.QWidget(self.centralwidget)
        self.verticalLayoutWidget.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(17, 10, 940, 603))
        self.verticalLayoutWidget.setObjectName("verticalLayoutWidget")
        self.verticalLayout = QtWidgets.QVBoxLayout(self.verticalLayoutWidget)
        self.verticalLayout.setContentsMargins(0, 0, 0, 0)
        self.verticalLayout.setObjectName("verticalLayout")
        self.figure = Figure(figsize=(100,7.2), dpi=80, facecolor='k')
        self.canvas = FigureCanvas(self.figure)
        self.widget = QtWidgets.QWidget()
        self.scroll_area = QtWidgets.QScrollArea(self.widget)
        self.scroll_area.setWidget(self.canvas)
        self.verticalLayout.addWidget(self.scroll_area)
        axes,axes2 = self.figure.subplots(nrows=2, sharex=True)
        data = {
            'date': ['2018/10/30', '2018/11/03', '2018/11/04', '2018/11/05', '2018/11/07', '2018/11/10', '2018/11/11'],
            'open': [8824, 8726.31, 8642.14, 8531.51, 8630.25, 8602.50, 8640.22],
            'high': [8858, 8748.60, 8551.36, 8653.16, 8476.69, 8630, 8570.56],
            'low': [8688, 8743.67, 8550.76, 8449.50, 8631.83, 8602.18, 8743.22],
            'close': [8820, 8747.17, 8550.52, 8553., 8517.10, 8628.78, 8588.52],
            'volume': [17759.56, 120000.17, 18739.52, 38599.50, 16517.10, 17723.78, 15588.52]
        }
        x = date2num([datetime.datetime.strptime(d, '%Y/%m/%d').date() for d in data['date']])
        t= np.arange(len(data['date']))
        candle_trace = zip(t, data['open'], data['high'], data['low'], data['close'], data['volume'])
        candlestick(axes, candle_trace, width=.75, colorup='g', colordown='r')
        axes2.plot(t, [1, 2, 3, 4, 7, 8, 9])
        axes.set_position([0.02, 0.37, 0.88, 0.6])
        axes2.set_position([0.02, 0.15, 0.88, 0.22])
        axes.tick_params(axis='both', color='#ffffff', labelcolor='#ffffff')
        axes.yaxis.tick_right()
        axes2.tick_params(axis='both', color='#ffffff', labelcolor='#ffffff')
        axes2.grid(color='lightgray', linewidth=.5, linestyle=':')
        axes.grid(color='lightgray', linewidth=.5, linestyle=':')
        axes2.yaxis.tick_right()
        axes.autoscale_view()
        axes2.autoscale_view()
        axes.set_facecolor('#041105')
        axes2.set_facecolor('#041105')
        # N = len(dates)
        axes.set_xticks(range(0, len((x)), 1))
        axes.set_xticklabels([mdates.num2date(d).strftime('%b-%d') for d in x])
        axes.set_xticklabels([mdates.num2date(d).strftime('%Y-%m-%d') for d in x])
        axes2.set_xticklabels([mdates.num2date(d).strftime('%Y-%m-%d') for d in x])
        self.canvas.draw()
        MainWindow.setCentralWidget(self.centralwidget)
        self.menubar = QtWidgets.QMenuBar(MainWindow)
        self.menubar.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(0, 0, 246, 21))
        self.menubar.setObjectName("menubar")
        MainWindow.setMenuBar(self.menubar)
        self.statusbar = QtWidgets.QStatusBar(MainWindow)
        self.statusbar.setObjectName("statusbar")
        MainWindow.setStatusBar(self.statusbar)
        # self.pushButton.clicked.connect(self.graphShowCode)

        self.retranslateUi(MainWindow)
        QtCore.QMetaObject.connectSlotsByName(MainWindow)

    def retranslateUi(self, MainWindow):
        _translate = QtCore.QCoreApplication.translate
        MainWindow.setWindowTitle(_translate("MainWindow", "MainWindow"))
        # self.pushButton.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "OK"))
if __name__ == "__main__":
    import sys
    app = QtWidgets.QApplication(sys.argv)
    MainWindow = QtWidgets.QMainWindow()
    ui = MainWindow_code_serarch()
    ui.setup_code_serarch(MainWindow)
    MainWindow.show()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

输出图像:

当我向左滚动输出图像2时:

Answer 1

这是一种使用 PyQt QtScrollBar 来滚动轴内容的方法。这是通过根据滚动条的值更改轴的限制来完成的。为此，注册了对 QtScrollBar 的 actionTriggered 方法的回调，以更改轴的限制。

import sys
import matplotlib
# Make sure that we are using QT5
matplotlib.use('Qt5Agg')
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from PyQt5 import QtWidgets, QtCore
from matplotlib.backends.backend_qt5agg import FigureCanvasQTAgg as FigureCanvas
from matplotlib.backends.backend_qt5agg import NavigationToolbar2QT as NavigationToolbar
import numpy as np

class ScrollableWindow(QtWidgets.QMainWindow):
    def __init__(self, fig, ax, step=0.1):
        plt.close("all")
        if not QtWidgets.QApplication.instance():
            self.app = QtWidgets.QApplication(sys.argv)
        else:
            self.app = QtWidgets.QApplication.instance() 

        QtWidgets.QMainWindow.__init__(self)
        self.widget = QtWidgets.QWidget()
        self.setCentralWidget(self.widget)
        self.widget.setLayout(QtWidgets.QVBoxLayout())
        self.widget.layout().setContentsMargins(0,0,0,0)
        self.widget.layout().setSpacing(0)

        self.fig = fig
        self.ax = ax
        self.canvas = FigureCanvas(self.fig)
        self.canvas.draw()
        self.scroll = QtWidgets.QScrollBar(QtCore.Qt.Horizontal)
        self.step = step
        self.setupSlider()
        self.nav = NavigationToolbar(self.canvas, self.widget)
        self.widget.layout().addWidget(self.nav)
        self.widget.layout().addWidget(self.canvas)
        self.widget.layout().addWidget(self.scroll)

        self.canvas.draw()
        self.show()
        self.app.exec_()

    def setupSlider(self):
        self.lims = np.array(self.ax.get_xlim())
        self.scroll.setPageStep(self.step*100)
        self.scroll.actionTriggered.connect(self.update)
        self.update()

    def update(self, evt=None):
        r = self.scroll.value()/((1+self.step)*100)
        l1 = self.lims[0]+r*np.diff(self.lims)
        l2 = l1 +  np.diff(self.lims)*self.step
        self.ax.set_xlim(l1,l2)
        print(self.scroll.value(), l1,l2)
        self.fig.canvas.draw_idle()


# create a figure and some subplots
fig, ax = plt.subplots()
t = np.linspace(0,3000,101)
x = np.cumsum(np.random.randn(len(t)))
ax.plot(t,x, marker="o")

# pass the figure to the custom window
a = ScrollableWindow(fig,ax)

<小时/>

对于图中内的滚动条，请参阅 Scrollable Bar graph matplotlib