python - 如何传递字符串作为对象名称？

Question

这是我最终解决问题的方法:

我创建了两个列表，一个包含对象，另一个包含对象名称(字符串)。然后我编写代码以确保对象及其名称同时附加到两个列表中。这样我就可以轻松地使用 ObjectList[NameList.index(Name)] 调用对象，类似于使用 NameList[ObjectList.index(Object)] 调用名称。

我不知道这是否是最好的解决方案。当我对 python 有更多了解时，也许我会找到更好的方法来做到这一点。

感谢大家的帮助。

<小时/>

我更新了下面的代码。

<小时/>

我正在尝试制作一款可以接受用户输入的游戏，根据该输入创建新对象，并将该对象与现有的对象网络连接起来。

所以我有初始对象:Adam = Human("Male","God","God") 和 Eve = Human("Female", "God", "上帝”)

但是在 Adam 和 Eve 之后，我想创建像 Josh = Human("Male", Adam, Eve) 这样的对象，在这里Josh 的属性变成了一个字符串和两个对象，而不是三个字符串。但如果这有效，我可以创建一个对象网络，其中每个对象子对象(亚当和夏娃除外)都有对象父对象。

如果有人对此有任何建议，请告诉我。

<小时/>

我想传递一个用户输入字符串作为某个类的新对象的名称。我不能使用 eval() 因为它很危险。我能做什么？

我是 python3 的新手，正在创建一个小游戏只是为了练习。我创建了一个名为“Human”的类，在游戏中用户应该输入新人类的名称。

我没有尝试太多，因为我发现没有一个问题符合我的问题。到目前为止我只知道我不能使用eval()，因为如果发生eval("import")之类的事情，它可能会造成麻烦。

import random

# list of all humans
Humans = []

# creating the class Human
class Human:

    global Humans

    def __init__(self, gender, father, mother):
        self.gender = gender
        self.father = father
        self.mother = mother
        self.canHaveChild = False
        Humans.append(self)

    def growup(self):
        self.canHaveChild = True


Adam = Human("Male", "God", "God")
Eve = Human("Female", "God", "God")
Humans.append(Adam)
Humans.append(Eve)

# creating the class SpiritualHuman
class SpiritualHuman:

    def __init__(self, gend, stparent, ndparent):
        self.stparent = stparent
        self.ndparent = ndparent
        self.gend = gend
        self.canHaveChild = False

# haveChild function
def haveChild(Human1, Human2):

    gender = ""
    gen_pro = random.random()
    if gen_pro < 0.5:
        gender = "Female"
    else:
        gender = "Male"

    if Human1.canHaveChild & Human2.canHavechild:
        if (Human1.gender == "Male") & (Human2.gender == "Female"):
            return Human(gender, Human1, Human2)
        elif (Human1.gender == "Female") & (Human2.gender == "Male"):
            return Human(gender, Human1, Human2)
        elif (Human1.gender == "Male") & (Human2.gender == "Male"):
            return SpiritualHuman("Yang", Human1, Human2)
        else:
            return SpiritualHuman("Yin", Human1, Human2)
    else:
        return "forbidden child"


# a list of all commands
command_list = ["who is the mother of", "who is the father of", "who is the child of", "have child named"]
# user input could be:
# "who is the mother of xxx"
# "who is the father of xxx"
# "who is the child of xxx and xxx"
# "xxx and xxx have child named xxx"



# user input function
def get_input():
    command = input(":")
    comsplit = command.split()
    # check 1st command
    if command_list[0] in command:
        if comsplit[5] in str(Humans):
            print("the mother of", comsplit[5], "is", Humans[str(Humans).index(comsplit[5])].mother())
        else:
            print(comsplit[5], "does not exist")
    # check 2nd command
    elif command_list[1] in command:
        if comsplit[5] in str(Humans):
            print("the father of", comsplit[5], "is", Humans[str(Humans).index(comsplit[5])].father())
        else:
            print(comsplit[5], "does not exist")
    # check 3rd command
    elif command_list[2] in command:
        if comsplit[5] in str(Humans) and comsplit[7] in str(Humans):
            for i in Humans:
                if str(i.father()) in [comsplit[5], comsplit[7]] and str(i.mother()) in [comsplit[5], comsplit[7]]:
                    print(i, "is the child of", comsplit[5], "and", comsplit[7])
                else:
                    print("they don't have a child")
        else:
            print("at least one of the parents you mentioned does not exist")
    # check 4th command
    elif command_list[3] in command:
        if comsplit[0] in str(Humans) and comsplit[2] in str(Humans):
            # here's where the problem is
            # I want to use comsplit[7] as name for a new Human object
            # how should I do it?

        else:
            print("at least one of them is not human")
    elif command == "humans":
        print(str(Humans))
    else:
        print("invalid command. If you need help, please type 'help'")


while(True):
    get_input()

我不知道如何避免错误，但我希望如果用户输入:亚当和夏娃有一个 child ，名叫乔希结果应该是 Josh 是 Human 类的一个对象，其父亲是 Adam，母亲是 Eve。

Answer 1

使用包含您的人类的字典，并将他们的名字作为键:

# global dict, defined at the top of your code
humans = {}

def get_input():
    command = input(":").split()
    if len(command) == 1:
        print(HUMANS) # well, don't know what this one is supposed to be...
    elif len(command) > 1:
        humans[command[1]] = Human(command[1])
        humans[command[2]] = Human(command[2])
        humans[command[0]] = haveChild(humans[command[1]], humans[command[2]])

编辑:我刚刚读了你的评论，现在无法完成回答，但简而言之，你必须先将你的父亲和母亲创建为人类，然后才能使用它们，所以你需要改变你创建的方式他们...