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c - 获取 C 中变量的二进制表示

转载 作者:行者123 更新时间:2023-11-30 21:28:05 24 4
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我想获得 C: int 中所有类型变量的二进制表示形式, unsigned int , long , unsigned long , short , unsigned short , float , doublechar

当我获取变量的大小(通过 sizeof() )并将其转换为二进制系统时,这是最好的解决方案吗?

如何快速、轻松地进行这样的转换?

最佳答案

获取任何类型的二进制表示:

我编写了以下代码来提供两个函数来完成您的要求。第一个函数getBinaryHostMemoryRepresentation()将用它们在主机内存中保存的方式填充您提供的缓冲区:这可能是小尾数、大尾数或其他(不太可能)。例如,整数 0xABCD 在小端上保存为 0xCDAB

getBinaryRepresentation() 函数将检查您正在运行的机器,并用您期望的人类可读的大端字节表示形式填充您的缓冲区所以你会得到0xABCD。要检查程序正在运行的机器类型,请使用 isLittleEndian() 函数,查看它是如何工作的 here on SO .

这两个函数都需要以下参数:char * const buffer、size_t bufSize、const void * var、size_t varSize。前两个是缓冲区和缓冲区的大小。最后两个是要转换的变量(它是一个空指针,可以是任何数据)和可以通过 sizeof() 获取的变量的大小(以字节为单位)。此外,函数检查缓冲区是否足够大,如果不够大,它们将返回空指针。如果它足够大,它们将返回指向您提供的缓冲区的指针。可以在 main() 函数中观察其用法。

main() 函数对上述函数使用两个输入:

  1. 整数:2882400235,即0xABCDEFEB0b10101011110011011110111111101011
  2. float :42.0,即0x422800000b01000010001010000000000000000000

要检查整数,您可以使用 Windows 计算器,要检查 float ,您可以使用 this site online .

程序的输出:

integer 2882400235:
Host memory binary representation: "11101011111011111100110110101011"
Human readable binary representation: "10101011110011011110111111101011"

single floating point 42.0:
Host memory binary representation: "00000000000000000010100001000010"
Human readable binary representation: "01000010001010000000000000000000"
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当您用 C 标记问题时,C 中的代码:

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stddef.h>
#include <limits.h>

#if CHAR_BIT != 8
#error "unsupported char size"
#endif

int isLittleEndian ()
{
static const int num = 1;
if (1 == *((char *) &num))
{
return 1;
}
else
{
return 0;
}
}

char * getBinaryHostMemoryRepresentation (char * const buffer, size_t bufSize, const void * var, size_t varSize)
{
size_t byteIdx;
size_t bitIdx;

if (bufSize < varSize * CHAR_BIT + 1)
{
return NULL;
}
const unsigned char * curByte = (const unsigned char *) var;
for (byteIdx = 0; byteIdx < varSize; ++byteIdx, ++curByte)
{
for (bitIdx = 0; bitIdx < CHAR_BIT; ++bitIdx)
{
unsigned char curBit = (*curByte & (1 << ((CHAR_BIT - 1) - bitIdx))) >> ((CHAR_BIT - 1) - bitIdx);
buffer[byteIdx * CHAR_BIT + bitIdx] = curBit + '0';
}
}
buffer[varSize * CHAR_BIT] = '\0';
return buffer;
}

char * getBinaryRepresentation (char * const buffer, size_t bufSize, const void * var, size_t varSize)
{
size_t byteIdx;
size_t bitIdx;

if (bufSize < varSize * CHAR_BIT + 1)
{
return NULL;
}

const unsigned char * curByte;;
int incByte;
if (isLittleEndian ())
{
curByte = (const unsigned char *) var + (varSize - 1);
incByte = -1;
}
else
{
curByte = (const unsigned char *) var;
incByte = 1;
}
for (byteIdx = 0; byteIdx < varSize; ++byteIdx, curByte += incByte)
{
for (bitIdx = 0; bitIdx < CHAR_BIT; ++bitIdx)
{
unsigned char curBit = (*curByte & (1 << ((CHAR_BIT - 1) - bitIdx))) >> ((CHAR_BIT - 1) - bitIdx);
buffer[byteIdx * CHAR_BIT + bitIdx] = curBit + '0';
}
}
buffer[varSize * CHAR_BIT] = '\0';
return buffer;
}

int main ()
{
int integer = 2882400235; /* 10101011110011011110111111101011 */
char bufferMemInt[sizeof (integer) * CHAR_BIT + 1];
char bufferBinInt[sizeof (integer) * CHAR_BIT + 1];

printf ("integer 2882400235:\n");
if (getBinaryHostMemoryRepresentation (bufferMemInt,
sizeof (bufferMemInt),
(void *) &integer,
sizeof (integer)))
{
printf ("Host memory binary representation: \"%s\"",
bufferMemInt);
printf ("\n");
}

if (getBinaryRepresentation (bufferBinInt,
sizeof (bufferBinInt),
(void *) &integer,
sizeof (integer)))
{
printf ("Human readable binary representation: \"%s\"",
bufferBinInt);
printf ("\n");
}


float floating = 42.0; /* 01000010001010000000000000000000 */
char bufferMemFloat[sizeof (floating) * CHAR_BIT + 1];
char bufferBinFloat[sizeof (floating) * CHAR_BIT + 1];

printf ("\n");
printf ("single floating point 42.0:\n");
if (getBinaryHostMemoryRepresentation (bufferMemFloat,
sizeof (bufferMemFloat),
(void *) &floating,
sizeof (floating)))
{
printf ("Host memory binary representation: \"%s\"",
bufferMemFloat);
printf ("\n");
}

if (getBinaryRepresentation (bufferBinFloat,
sizeof (bufferBinFloat),
(void *) &floating,
sizeof (floating)))
{
printf ("Human readable binary representation: \"%s\"",
bufferBinFloat);
printf ("\n");
}

return 0;
}

关于c - 获取 C 中变量的二进制表示,我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/44530187/

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