c# - 有默认构造函数时没有默认构造函数报错

Question

编辑:将在 SO 上公开生产代码!希望没有人窃取我的 secret !

我有一个 Controller 类，用于使用 Modbus 协议(protocol)通过 TCP 与设备通信。我使用 NModbus 库。

Controller 类实现的接口(interface)如下:

public interface CoilReader
{
    bool[] Read(ushort startAddress, ushort numberOfCoils);
}

public interface CoilWriter
{
    void WriteSingle(ushort address, bool value);

    void WriteMultiple(ushort startAddress, bool[] values);
}

public interface HoldingRegisterReader
{
    ushort[] Read(ushort startAddress, ushort numberOfRegisters);
}

public interface HoldingRegisterWriter
{
    void WriteSingle(ushort address, ushort value);

    void WriteMultiple(ushort startAddress, ushort[] values);
}

public interface InputReader
{
    bool[] Read(ushort startAddress, ushort numberOfCoils);
}

public interface InputRegisterReader
{
    ushort[] Read(ushort startAddress, ushort numberOfRegisters);
}

public interface ConnectionInfo
{
    string IP { get; set; }
}

这是 Controller 类。

using System;
using System.Net.Sockets;
using System.Reflection;
using global::Modbus.Device;

public class Controller
    : ConnectionInfo,
      HoldingRegisterReader,
      InputRegisterReader,
      CoilReader,
      InputReader,
      CoilWriter,
      HoldingRegisterWriter
{
    static Controller()
    {
        AppDomain.CurrentDomain.AssemblyResolve += (sender, e) => loadEmbeddedAssembly(e.Name);
    }

    public virtual string IP
    {
        get
        {
            return this.ip;
        }

        set
        {
            this.ip = value;
        }
    }

    public virtual ushort[] ReadHoldingRegisters(ushort startAddress, ushort numberOfRegisters)
    {
        using (var connection = this.createDeviceConnection())
        {
            return connection.ReadHoldingRegisters(startAddress, numberOfRegisters);
        }
    }

    public virtual ushort[] ReadInputRegisters(ushort startAddress, ushort numberOfRegisters)
    {
        using (var connection = this.createDeviceConnection())
        {
            return connection.ReadInputRegisters(startAddress, numberOfRegisters);
        }
    }

    public virtual bool[] ReadCoils(ushort startAddress, ushort numberOfCoils)
    {
        using (var connection = this.createDeviceConnection())
        {
            return connection.ReadCoils(startAddress, numberOfCoils);
        }
    }

    public virtual bool[] ReadInputs(ushort startAddress, ushort numberOfInputs)
    {
        using (var connection = this.createDeviceConnection())
        {
            return connection.ReadInputs(startAddress, numberOfInputs);
        }
    }

    public virtual void WriteSingleCoil(ushort address, bool value)
    {
        using (var connection = this.createDeviceConnection())
        {
            connection.WriteSingleCoil(address, value);
        }
    }

    public virtual void WriteMultipleCoils(ushort startAddress, bool[] values)
    {
        using (var connection = this.createDeviceConnection())
        {
            connection.WriteMultipleCoils(startAddress, values);
        }
    }

    public virtual void WriteSingleHoldingRegister(ushort address, ushort value)
    {
        using (var connection = this.createDeviceConnection())
        {
            connection.WriteSingleRegister(address, value);
        }
    }

    public virtual void WriteMultipleHoldingRegisters(ushort startAddress, ushort[] values)
    {
        using (var connection = this.createDeviceConnection())
        {
            connection.WriteMultipleRegisters(startAddress, values);
        }
    }

    string ConnectionInfo.IP
    {
        get
        {
            return this.IP;
        }

        set
        {
            this.IP = value;
        }
    }

    ushort[] HoldingRegisterReader.Read(ushort startAddress, ushort numberOfRegisters)
    {
        return this.ReadHoldingRegisters(startAddress, numberOfRegisters);
    }

    ushort[] InputRegisterReader.Read(ushort startAddress, ushort numberOfRegisters)
    {
        return this.ReadInputRegisters(startAddress, numberOfRegisters);
    }

    bool[] CoilReader.Read(ushort startAddress, ushort numberOfCoils)
    {
        return this.ReadCoils(startAddress, numberOfCoils);
    }

    bool[] InputReader.Read(ushort startAddress, ushort numberOfInputs)
    {
        return this.ReadInputs(startAddress, numberOfInputs);
    }

    void CoilWriter.WriteSingle(ushort address, bool value)
    {
        this.WriteSingleCoil(address, value);
    }

    void CoilWriter.WriteMultiple(ushort startAddress, bool[] values)
    {
        this.WriteMultipleCoils(startAddress, values);
    }

    void HoldingRegisterWriter.WriteSingle(ushort address, ushort value)
    {
        this.WriteSingleHoldingRegister(address, value);
    }

    void HoldingRegisterWriter.WriteMultiple(ushort startAddress, ushort[] values)
    {
        this.WriteMultipleHoldingRegisters(startAddress, values);
    }

    private ModbusIpMaster createDeviceConnection()
    {
        const int port = 502;
        var client = new TcpClient();
        client.BeginConnect(this.ip, port, null, null).AsyncWaitHandle.WaitOne(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(2));
        if (!client.Connected)
        {
            throw new Exception("Cannot connect to " + this.ip + ":" + port);
        }

        return ModbusIpMaster.CreateIp(client);
    }

    private static Assembly loadEmbeddedAssembly(string name)
    {
        if (name.EndsWith("Retargetable=Yes"))
        {
            return Assembly.Load(new AssemblyName(name));
        }

        var container = Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly();
        var path = new AssemblyName(name).Name + ".dll";

        using (var stream = container.GetManifestResourceStream(path))
        {
            if (stream == null)
            {
                return null;
            }

            var bytes = new byte[stream.Length];
            stream.Read(bytes, 0, bytes.Length);
            return Assembly.Load(bytes);
        }
    }

    private string ip;
}

在与包含此类及其接口(interface)的库相同的解决方案中的测试项目中创建的测试中，我没有收到以下错误。但是，在使用该库的不同解决方案的项目中，我得到以下信息:

------ Test started: Assembly: CareControls.IvisHmi.Tests.dll ------

Unknown .NET Framework Version: v4.5.1
Test 'CareControls.IvisHmi.Tests.Presenters.ModbusTcpTogglePresenterTests.FactMethodName' failed:     FakeItEasy.Core.FakeCreationException : 
Failed to create fake of type "CareControls.Modbus.Tcp.Controller".

Below is a list of reasons for failure per attempted constructor:
  No constructor arguments failed:
    No default constructor was found on the type CareControls.Modbus.Tcp.Controller.

If either the type or constructor is internal, try adding the following attribute to the assembly:
[assembly: InternalsVisibleTo("DynamicProxyGenAssembly2")]


at FakeItEasy.Core.DefaultExceptionThrower.ThrowFailedToGenerateProxyWithResolvedConstructors(Type typeOfFake, String reasonForFailureOfUnspecifiedConstructor, IEnumerable`1 resolvedConstructors)
at FakeItEasy.Creation.FakeObjectCreator.TryCreateFakeWithDummyArgumentsForConstructor(Type typeOfFake, FakeOptions fakeOptions, IDummyValueCreationSession session, String failReasonForDefaultConstructor, Boolean throwOnFailure)
at FakeItEasy.Creation.FakeObjectCreator.CreateFake(Type typeOfFake, FakeOptions fakeOptions, IDummyValueCreationSession session, Boolean throwOnFailure)
at FakeItEasy.Creation.DefaultFakeAndDummyManager.CreateFake(Type typeOfFake, FakeOptions options)
at FakeItEasy.Creation.DefaultFakeCreatorFacade.CreateFake[T](Action`1 options)
at FakeItEasy.A.Fake[T]()
Presenters\ModbusTcpTogglePresenterTests.cs(22,0): at CareControls.IvisHmi.Tests.Presenters.ModbusTcpTogglePresenterTests.FactMethodName()

0 passed, 1 failed, 0 skipped, took 0.93 seconds (xUnit.net 1.9.2 build 1705).

这是测试:

namespace CareControls.IvisHmi.Tests.Presenters
{
    using CareControls.IvisHmi.Framework;
    using CareControls.IvisHmi.Presenters;
    using CareControls.IvisHmi.UI;
    using CareControls.Modbus.Tcp;
    using FakeItEasy;
    using Ploeh.AutoFixture;
    using Xunit;

    public class ModbusTcpTogglePresenterTests
    {
        [Fact]
        public void FactMethodName()
        {
            A.Fake<Controller>();
        }
    }
}

为什么 FakeItEasy 认为类上没有默认构造函数？

抱歉发了这么大的帖子，但要求我包含代码。

编辑:如果我添加 new Controller() 测试通过在 A.Fake<Controller>() 之前行:

namespace CareControls.IvisHmi.Tests.Presenters
{
    using CareControls.IvisHmi.Framework;
    using CareControls.IvisHmi.Presenters;
    using CareControls.IvisHmi.UI;
    using CareControls.Modbus.Tcp;
    using FakeItEasy;
    using Ploeh.AutoFixture;
    using Xunit;

    public class ModbusTcpTogglePresenterTests
    {
        [Fact]
        public void FactMethodName()
        {
            new Controller();
            A.Fake<Controller>();
        }
    }
}

Answer 1

据此:

Faking/mocking an interface gives "no default constructor" error, how can that be?

有一个错误可以给出错误的异常信息。他们说，在那种情况下，仍然应该有一些东西导致抛出异常。

我建议的事情:

• 添加显式默认构造函数有帮助吗？
• 能否正常成功实例化该类？
• 你能用反射或Activator.CreateInstance成功实例化类吗？