c++ - C/C++ - 在 Visual Studio C++ 中使用中断

Question

我是一名计算机科学专业的学生，​​最近学习了如何在 C 中使用中断。经过几次网络搜索后，我想出了以下代码:

#include <stdio.h>
#include <dos.h>
#include <conio.h>

#ifdef __cplusplus

    #define __CPPARGS ...

#else

    #define __CPPARGS

#endif

#define INTR 0x1c
#define gotoxy(x,y) printf("\033[%d;%dH", (x), (y))
//#define clear() printf("\033[H\033[J");
/*
//positioning
void gotoxy(int x, int y)
{
    printf("%c[%d;%df",0x1B,y,x);
}
*/

void interrupt handler(__CPPARGS);
void interrupt ( *oldhandler)(__CPPARGS);

int countS = 0;
int s = 0;
int m = 0;
int ms = 0;
int l = 0;
int flag = 0;

int main(void)
{
    clrscr();
    printf("%02d:%02d:%02d",m,s,ms);
    oldhandler = getvect(INTR);

    setvect(INTR, handler);
    char c;

    while(1)
    {
        c = getch();

        switch(c){

            case 'e':
                goto exit_loop;
                break;

            case ' ':
                flag = 1-flag;
                break;

            case 'r':
                flag = s = m = ms = l = 0;
                clrscr();
                printf("%02d:%02d:%02d",m,s,ms);
                break;

            case 'l':
                gotoxy(++l,0);
                printf("%02d:%02d:%02d",m,s,ms);
                break;
        }
    }

    exit_loop:;
    setvect(INTR, oldhandler);
    return 0;
}

void interrupt handler(__CPPARGS)
{

    if(flag == 1){

        countS++;
        ms += 55;

        if(countS == 18)
        {
            countS = ms = 0;
            s++;

            if(s==60)
            {
                m++;
                s = 0;
            }
        }

        gotoxy(0,0);
        printf("%02d:%02d:%02d",m,s,ms);
    }
}

这段代码是 C 控制台应用程序中的某种秒表，它在历史上的 Turbo C++ 中工作完美。我更改了 IDE，现在使用 Visual studio 2013，当我在 Visual C++->win32ConsoleApplication 中创建一个新项目并将此代码粘贴到主文件中时。它不起作用。然后出现错误，提示我应该在文件的第一个文件中添加 #include "stdafx.h" 。这样做之后，这是我的主要错误列表:

Error   1   error C2146: syntax error : missing ';' before identifier 'handler' c:\users\mohammad\documents\visual studio 2013\projects\consoleapplication1\consoleapplication1\consoleapplication1.cpp 32  1   ConsoleApplication1
Error   2   error C2182: 'interrupt' : illegal use of type 'void'   c:\users\mohammad\documents\visual studio 2013\projects\consoleapplication1\consoleapplication1\consoleapplication1.cpp 32  1   ConsoleApplication1
Error   3   error C4430: missing type specifier - int assumed. Note: C++ does not support default-int   c:\users\mohammad\documents\visual studio 2013\projects\consoleapplication1\consoleapplication1\consoleapplication1.cpp 32  1   ConsoleApplication1
Error   4   error C2065: 'oldhandler' : undeclared identifier   c:\users\mohammad\documents\visual studio 2013\projects\consoleapplication1\consoleapplication1\consoleapplication1.cpp 33  1   ConsoleApplication1
Error   5   error C4430: missing type specifier - int assumed. Note: C++ does not support default-int   c:\users\mohammad\documents\visual studio 2013\projects\consoleapplication1\consoleapplication1\consoleapplication1.cpp 33  1   ConsoleApplication1
Error   6   error C2086: 'int interrupt' : redefinition c:\users\mohammad\documents\visual studio 2013\projects\consoleapplication1\consoleapplication1\consoleapplication1.cpp 33  1   ConsoleApplication1
Error   7   error C2143: syntax error : missing ';' before '('  c:\users\mohammad\documents\visual studio 2013\projects\consoleapplication1\consoleapplication1\consoleapplication1.cpp 33  1   ConsoleApplication1
Error   8   error C2059: syntax error : ')' c:\users\mohammad\documents\visual studio 2013\projects\consoleapplication1\consoleapplication1\consoleapplication1.cpp 33  1   ConsoleApplication1
Error   9   error C2059: syntax error : ';' c:\users\mohammad\documents\visual studio 2013\projects\consoleapplication1\consoleapplication1\consoleapplication1.cpp 33  1   ConsoleApplication1
Error   10  error C3861: 'clrscr': identifier not found c:\users\mohammad\documents\visual studio 2013\projects\consoleapplication1\consoleapplication1\consoleapplication1.cpp 44  1   ConsoleApplication1
Error   11  error C2065: 'oldhandler' : undeclared identifier   c:\users\mohammad\documents\visual studio 2013\projects\consoleapplication1\consoleapplication1\consoleapplication1.cpp 46  1   ConsoleApplication1
Error   12  error C3861: 'getvect': identifier not found    c:\users\mohammad\documents\visual studio 2013\projects\consoleapplication1\consoleapplication1\consoleapplication1.cpp 46  1   ConsoleApplication1
Error   13  error C3861: 'setvect': identifier not found    c:\users\mohammad\documents\visual studio 2013\projects\consoleapplication1\consoleapplication1\consoleapplication1.cpp 48  1   ConsoleApplication1
Error   14  error C3861: 'clrscr': identifier not found c:\users\mohammad\documents\visual studio 2013\projects\consoleapplication1\consoleapplication1\consoleapplication1.cpp 67  1   ConsoleApplication1

这些错误与这些行相关:

void interrupt handler(__CPPARGS);
void interrupt ( *oldhandler)(__CPPARGS);

并使用:clrscr();

我的操作系统是Windows 10-64位，这是我第一次在Visual Studio中使用C/C++进行编程。我之前在 Turbo c++ 和 devC++ 中做了一些工作，但只有 Turbo c++ 运行这个示例，甚至没有 devC++。有什么差异，我应该如何解决这个问题？谢谢

Answer 1

您正在 64 位长模式下工作，因此您无法访问实模式 BIOS 中断或 MS-DOS 服务。您的代码还有许多其他问题，但最重要的是，如果没有 16 位编译器和模拟器(例如 64 位 Windows 上不存在的 NTVDM)，它就无法工作