c# - ApiController 的自动测试

Question

我有一个 ApiController 并想用包括路由在内的单元测试来测试它。

一个例子:

[RoutePrefix("prefix")]
public class Controller : ApiController
{
    [HttpGet]
    [Route("{id1}")]
    public int Add(int id1, [FromUri] int id2)
    {
        return id1 + id2;
    }
}

我现在想测试这个方法。我明白了，我可以像普通方法一样测试它。但我也想通过将 URL 转换为方法参数来测试它。

基本上我想要一个自动测试，我调用一个像 prefix/10?id2=5 这样的 URL 并得到 15 的结果。这在某种程度上可能吗？

Answer 1

我为内存中的集成测试编写了一个小助手类，可以将其作为测试套件的一部分调用。

internal interface IHttpTestServer : IDisposable {
    HttpConfiguration Configuration { get; }
    HttpClient CreateClient();
}

internal class HttpTestServer : IHttpTestServer {
    HttpServer httpServer;

    public HttpTestServer(HttpConfiguration configuration = null) {
        httpServer = new HttpServer(configuration ?? new HttpConfiguration());
    }

    public HttpConfiguration Configuration {
        get { return httpServer.Configuration; }
    }

    public HttpClient CreateClient() {
        var client = new HttpClient(httpServer);
        return client;
    }

    public void Dispose() {
        if (httpServer != null) {
            httpServer.Dispose();
            httpServer = null;
        }
    }

    public static IHttpTestServer Create(HttpConfiguration configuration = null) {
        return new HttpTestServer(configuration);
    }
}

然后会像这样使用它

[TestMethod]
public async Task HttpClient_Should_Get_OKStatus_From_InMemory_Hosting() {

    using (var server = new HttpTestServer()) {

        MyWebAPiProjectNamespace.WebApiConfig.Configure(server.Configuration);

        var client = server.CreateClient();

        string url = "http://localhost/prefix/10?id2=5";
        var expected = 15;

        var request = new HttpRequestMessage {
            RequestUri = new Uri(url),
            Method = HttpMethod.Get
        };

        request.Headers.Accept.Add(new MediaTypeWithQualityHeaderValue("application/json"));

        using (var response = await client.SendAsync(request)) {
            Assert.AreEqual(HttpStatusCode.OK, response.StatusCode);
            var result = await response.Content.ReadAsAsync<int>();
            Assert.AreEqual(expected, result);
        }
    }
}

这将配置一个内存中的测试服务器，测试可以使用其 httpclient 调用该服务器。它本质上是一个端到端的集成测试。