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javascript - OpenLayers: map 不会使用非 'standard' EPSG 代码呈现

转载 作者:行者123 更新时间:2023-11-30 19:45:39 30 4
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我在使用 EPSG 3031 中的 map 时遇到问题。

根据我的研究,我已经了解到投影参数必须在 javascript 文件中定义,因此 epsg.io 在我的脚本中工作正常。

但是当我在新创建的 View 和变换后的中心使用实际的 EPSG:3031 时, map 不会呈现。唯一可行的方法是选择中心为 [0,0] 的 EPSG:4326 或 3857,这实际上没有任何意义。

我的 javascript 看起来像这样:

// register EPSG
proj4.defs("EPSG:3031","+proj=stere +lat_0=-90 +lat_ts=-71 +lon_0=0 +k=1 +x_0=0 +y_0=0 +datum=WGS84 +units=m +no_defs");

//set projection
var proj3031=ol.proj.get('EPSG:3031');

//test if coordinate transformation is properly working

var center2 = ol.proj.transform([0, -80], 'EPSG:4326', 'EPSG:3031');
;

var baseMapLayer = new ol.layer.Tile({
source: new ol.source.OSM()
});

var esriArctic = new ol.layer.Tile({
title : 'ESRI Imagery',
type : 'base',
zIndex: 0,
source : new ol.source.XYZ({
attributions : [new ol.Attribution({
html : 'Tiles &copy; <a href="http://services.arcgisonline.com/ArcGIS/rest/services/Polar/Antarctic_Imagery/MapServer">ArcGIS</a>'
})],
url : 'https://server.arcgisonline.com/ArcGIS/rest/services/Polar/Antarctic_Imagery/MapServer/tile/{z}/{y}/{x}',
wrapX: false,
})
});
var map = new ol.Map({
target: 'map',
layers: [ esriArctic],
//layers: [ baseMapLayer],
view: new ol.View({
//projection: "EPSG:4326",
projection: proj3031,
//center: [0,0],
center: center2,
zoom: 5 //Initial Zoom Level
})
});

我的 html 看起来像这样:

<!DOCTYPE html> 
<style type="text/css">
#map{
width:100%;
height:600px;
}
</style>
<!--Basic styling for map div,
if height is not defined the div will show up with 0 px height -->

</head>
<script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/proj4js/2.4.3/proj4.js"></script>
<script src="http://epsg.io/3031.js"></script>

<body>
<div id="map">
<!-- Your map will be shown inside this div-->
</div>
</body>
<script src="https://openlayers.org/en/v4.6.5/build/ol.js" type="text/javascript"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="map.js" type="text/javascript"></script>
<!-- Our map file -->

</html>>
<!-- Openlayesr JS fIle -->

我怎样才能让它工作,为什么它现在不能工作?

最佳答案

非全局投影中的 Arcgis 源具有非标准的切片网格。如果可以添加正确的 tilegrid,@RalphL 的方法将起作用,但可以通过将其定义为 TileArcGISRest 源来自动完成。如果您想使用 OSM 作为基础层重新投影,例如 EPSG:3857,它无法到达极坐标的极点,会导致 OpenLayers 无法处理和崩溃的错误。我通过定义转换函数来解决这个问题,该转换函数通过中间投影让代码捕获任何错误。

function reprojectionErrorHandler(projections, opt_intermediate) {

var intermediate = opt_intermediate || 'EPSG:4269';

function transform(projA, projB) {

return function (input, opt_output, opt_dimension) {
var length = input.length;
var dimension = opt_dimension !== undefined ? opt_dimension : 2;
var output = opt_output !== undefined ? opt_output : new Array(length);
var ll, point, i, j;
try {
for (i = 0; i < length; i += dimension) {
ll = ol.proj.transform([input[i], input[i + 1]], projA, intermediate);
point = ol.proj.transform([ll[i], ll[i + 1]], intermediate, projB);
output[i] = point[0];
output[i + 1] = point[1];
for (j = dimension - 1; j >= 2; --j) {
output[i + j] = input[i + j];
}
}
} catch (e) {}
return output;
};

}

if (Array.isArray(projections)) {
for (i = 0; i < projections.length-1; i++) {
for (j = i+1; j < projections.length; j++) {
if (ol.proj.get(projections[i]).getCode() != ol.proj.get(projections[j]).getCode() &&
ol.proj.get(projections[i]).getCode() != ol.proj.get(intermediate).getCode() &&
ol.proj.get(projections[j]).getCode() != ol.proj.get(intermediate).getCode() ) {

ol.proj.addCoordinateTransforms(
projections[i],
projections[j],
transform(projections[i], projections[j]),
transform(projections[j], projections[i])
);

ol.proj.addCoordinateTransforms(
projections[j],
projections[i],
transform(projections[j], projections[i]),
transform(projections[i], projections[j])
);

}
}
}
}

}

proj4.defs("EPSG:3031", "+proj=stere +lat_0=-90 +lat_ts=-71 +lon_0=0 +k=1 +x_0=0 +y_0=0 +datum=WGS84 +units=m +no_defs");
ol.proj.proj4.register(proj4);
var proj3031 = ol.proj.get('EPSG:3031');

reprojectionErrorHandler(['EPSG:3031', 'EPSG:3857'])

var baseMapLayer = new ol.layer.Tile({
source: new ol.source.OSM()
});

var esriArctic = new ol.layer.Tile({
title: 'ESRI Imagery',
type: 'base',
zIndex: 0,
opacity: 0.5,
source: new ol.source.TileArcGISRest({
url: 'https://services.arcgisonline.com/arcgis/rest/services/Polar/Antarctic_Imagery/MapServer'
})
});

var map = new ol.Map({
target: 'map',
layers: [baseMapLayer, esriArctic],
view: new ol.View({
projection: proj3031,
center: ol.proj.fromLonLat([0, -80], proj3031),
zoom: 3
})
})
   html,
body,
#map {
width: 100%;
height: 100%;
overflow: hidden;
}
<script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/proj4js/2.5.0/proj4.js"></script>
<link href="https://cdn.rawgit.com/openlayers/openlayers.github.io/master/en/v5.3.0/css/ol.css" rel="stylesheet"/>
<script src="https://cdn.rawgit.com/openlayers/openlayers.github.io/master/en/v5.3.0/build/ol.js"></script>
<body>
<div id="map" class="map"></div>
</body>

这是@RalphL 的方法,它基于此处列出的完整范围和最大分辨率,以正确的位置为中心,使用平铺网格 https://services.arcgisonline.com/arcgis/rest/services/Polar/Antarctic_Imagery/MapServer与普通的 EPSG:3857 tilegrid 不同,tiles 并不完全适合范围

proj4.defs("EPSG:3031", "+proj=stere +lat_0=-90 +lat_ts=-71 +lon_0=0 +k=1 +x_0=0 +y_0=0 +datum=WGS84 +units=m +no_defs");
ol.proj.proj4.register(proj4);
var proj3031 = ol.proj.get('EPSG:3031');

var extent = [-3.369955099203E7, -3.369955099203E7, 3.369955099203E7, 3.369955099203E7];
var maxResolution = 238810.81335399998;

var resolutions = [];
for (var i = 0; i < 24; i++) {
resolutions[i] = maxResolution / Math.pow(2, i);
}

var esriArctic = new ol.layer.Tile({
title: 'ESRI Imagery',
type: 'base',
zIndex: 0,
source: new ol.source.XYZ({
url: 'https://services.arcgisonline.com/arcgis/rest/services/Polar/Antarctic_Imagery/MapServer/tile/{z}/{y}/{x}',
projection: proj3031,
tileGrid: new ol.tilegrid.TileGrid({ extent: extent, resolutions: resolutions }),
})
});

var map = new ol.Map({
target: 'map',
layers: [esriArctic],
view: new ol.View({
projection: proj3031,
center: ol.proj.fromLonLat([0, -80], proj3031),
zoom: 3
})
})
   html,
body,
#map {
width: 100%;
height: 100%;
overflow: hidden;
}
<script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/proj4js/2.5.0/proj4.js"></script>
<link href="https://cdn.rawgit.com/openlayers/openlayers.github.io/master/en/v5.3.0/css/ol.css" rel="stylesheet"/>
<script src="https://cdn.rawgit.com/openlayers/openlayers.github.io/master/en/v5.3.0/build/ol.js"></script>
<body>
<div id="map" class="map"></div>
</body>

再投影中极点处的白洞主要是透明的,快速解决方法是在 css 中设置 map div 背景以匹配冰,例如

   .map {
background-color: #e7e9f6;
}

但是,薄薄的白色边缘仍然可见。

基于层 spy 示例的更好解决方案 https://openlayers.org/en/v4.6.5/examples/layer-spy.html可能是从南极层剪下真正的非透明白色环绕

function reprojectionErrorHandler(projections, opt_intermediate) {

var intermediate = opt_intermediate || 'EPSG:4269';

function transform(projA, projB) {

return function (input, opt_output, opt_dimension) {
var length = input.length;
var dimension = opt_dimension !== undefined ? opt_dimension : 2;
var output = opt_output !== undefined ? opt_output : new Array(length);
var ll, point, i, j;
try {
for (i = 0; i < length; i += dimension) {
ll = ol.proj.transform([input[i], input[i + 1]], projA, intermediate);
point = ol.proj.transform([ll[i], ll[i + 1]], intermediate, projB);
output[i] = point[0];
output[i + 1] = point[1];
for (j = dimension - 1; j >= 2; --j) {
output[i + j] = input[i + j];
}
}
} catch (e) {}
return output;
};

}

if (Array.isArray(projections)) {
for (i = 0; i < projections.length-1; i++) {
for (j = i+1; j < projections.length; j++) {
if (ol.proj.get(projections[i]).getCode() != ol.proj.get(projections[j]).getCode() &&
ol.proj.get(projections[i]).getCode() != ol.proj.get(intermediate).getCode() &&
ol.proj.get(projections[j]).getCode() != ol.proj.get(intermediate).getCode() ) {

ol.proj.addCoordinateTransforms(
projections[i],
projections[j],
transform(projections[i], projections[j]),
transform(projections[j], projections[i])
);

ol.proj.addCoordinateTransforms(
projections[j],
projections[i],
transform(projections[j], projections[i]),
transform(projections[i], projections[j])
);

}
}
}
}

}

proj4.defs("EPSG:3031", "+proj=stere +lat_0=-90 +lat_ts=-71 +lon_0=0 +k=1 +x_0=0 +y_0=0 +datum=WGS84 +units=m +no_defs");
ol.proj.proj4.register(proj4);
var proj3031 = ol.proj.get('EPSG:3031');

reprojectionErrorHandler(['EPSG:3031', 'EPSG:3857'])

var baseMapLayer = new ol.layer.Tile({
source: new ol.source.XYZ({
url: 'https://services.arcgisonline.com/ArcGIS/rest/services/World_Imagery/MapServer/tile/{z}/{y}/{x}',
maxZoom: 23
})
});

var extent = [-3.369955099203E7, -3.369955099203E7, 3.369955099203E7, 3.369955099203E7];
var maxResolution = 238810.81335399998;

var resolutions = [];
for (var i = 0; i < 24; i++) {
resolutions[i] = maxResolution / Math.pow(2, i);
}

var esriArctic = new ol.layer.Tile({
title: 'ESRI Imagery',
type: 'base',
zIndex: 0,
source: new ol.source.XYZ({
url: 'https://services.arcgisonline.com/arcgis/rest/services/Polar/Antarctic_Imagery/MapServer/tile/{z}/{y}/{x}',
projection: proj3031,
tileGrid: new ol.tilegrid.TileGrid({ extent: extent, resolutions: resolutions }),
})
});

esriArctic.on('precompose', function(event) {
radius = 4000000 / event.frameState.viewState.resolution;
var ctx = event.context;
var pixelRatio = event.frameState.pixelRatio;
ctx.save();
ctx.beginPath();
position = map.getPixelFromCoordinate(ol.proj.transform([0, -90], 'EPSG:4326', 'EPSG:3031'));
// only show a circle around the position
ctx.arc(position[0] * pixelRatio, position[1] * pixelRatio, radius * pixelRatio, 0, 2 * Math.PI);
ctx.clip();
});

// after rendering the layer, restore the canvas context
esriArctic.on('postcompose', function(event) {
var ctx = event.context;
ctx.restore();
});

var map = new ol.Map({
target: 'map',
layers: [baseMapLayer, esriArctic],
view: new ol.View({
projection: proj3031,
center: ol.proj.fromLonLat([0, -80], proj3031),
zoom: 3
})
})
   html,
body,
#map {
width: 100%;
height: 100%;
overflow: hidden;
}
<script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/proj4js/2.5.0/proj4.js"></script>
<link href="https://cdn.rawgit.com/openlayers/openlayers.github.io/master/en/v5.3.0/css/ol.css" rel="stylesheet"/>
<script src="https://cdn.rawgit.com/openlayers/openlayers.github.io/master/en/v5.3.0/build/ol.js"></script>
<body>
<div id="map" class="map"></div>
</body>

关于javascript - OpenLayers: map 不会使用非 'standard' EPSG 代码呈现,我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/54978836/

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