javascript - 异步需要 AsyncTestZoneSpec - Angular

Question

该应用程序基于 Angular v4 构建，并且随着每个版本的发布逐渐更新，直到现在。目前我们正在使用 Angular v7，最终 CEO 同意编写单元测试，而以前并非如此。

我刚刚创建了一个简单的规范来开始测试并开始在整个项目中实现它，但由于以下错误而卡住了两天:

AsyncTestZoneSpec is needed for the async() test helper but could not be >found. Please make sure that your environment includes zone.js/dist/async->test.js

在谷歌搜索上述错误时，我找到了一些答案，但这些答案与 Wallaybyjs 有关，而是特定于 Angular。

我试图通过全新安装的 angular 项目来重现这个问题，但真的不行。这可能是在 Angular 7 上运行测试所需的某些依赖项缺失的问题。

test.ts 文件如下:

// This file is required by karma.conf.js and loads recursively all the .spec and framework files

import 'zone.js/dist/long-stack-trace-zone';
import 'zone.js/dist/proxy.js';
import 'zone.js/dist/sync-test';
import 'zone.js/dist/jasmine-patch';
import 'zone.js/dist/async-test';
import 'zone.js/dist/fake-async-test';
import { getTestBed } from '@angular/core/testing';
import {
  BrowserDynamicTestingModule,
  platformBrowserDynamicTesting
} from '@angular/platform-browser-dynamic/testing';

// Unfortunately there's no typing for the `__karma__` variable. Just declare it as any.
declare const __karma__: any;
declare const require: any;

// Prevent Karma from running prematurely.
__karma__.loaded = function () {};

// First, initialize the Angular testing environment.
getTestBed().initTestEnvironment(
  BrowserDynamicTestingModule,
  platformBrowserDynamicTesting()
);
// Then we find all the tests.
const context = require.context('./', true, /\.spec\.ts$/);
// And load the modules.
context.keys().map(context);
// Finally, start Karma to run the tests.
__karma__.start();

和Package.json:

{
    "name": "frontend",
    "version": "0.1.2-7",
    "appVersion": "2.104",
    "license": "MIT",
    "scripts": {
        "ng": "ng",
        "start": "ng serve",
        "build": "ng build",
        "test": "ng test",
        "lint": "ng lint",
        "e2e": "ng e2e",
        "build-staging": "bash build-staging.sh",
        "build-production": "bash build-production.sh",
        "compodoc": "npx compodoc -p src/tsconfig.app.json"
    },
    "private": true,
    "dependencies": {
        "@angular-devkit/build-angular": "^0.13.9",
        "@angular/animations": "7.0.3",
        "@angular/common": "7.0.3",
        "@angular/compiler": "7.0.3",
        "@angular/core": "7.0.3",
        "@angular/forms": "7.0.3",
        "@angular/http": "7.0.3",
        "@angular/platform-browser": "7.0.3",
        "@angular/platform-browser-dynamic": "7.0.3",
        "@angular/router": "7.0.3",
        "@fortawesome/fontawesome-free": "^5.9.0",
        "@mobiscroll/angular": "^4.7.3",
        "@ng-bootstrap/ng-bootstrap": "^4.2.1",
        "@ngx-translate/core": "^11.0.1",
        "@ngx-translate/http-loader": "^4.0.0",
        "angular2-virtual-scroll": "^0.4.16",
        "core-js": "^2.6.9",
        "moment": "^2.22.2",
        "ng-block-ui": "^2.1.5",
        "ng2-charts": "^1.6.0",
        "ngx-infinite-scroll": "^7.2.0",
        "ngx-lazy-load-images": "^1.3.1",
        "rxjs": "^6.5.2",
        "rxjs-compat": "^6.5.2",
        "zone.js": "^0.8.29"
    },
    "devDependencies": {
        "@angular/cli": "7.0.5",
        "@angular/compiler-cli": "^7.2.15",
        "@angular/language-service": "7.0.3",
        "@compodoc/compodoc": "^1.1.9",
        "@types/jasmine": "^2.8.16",
        "@types/jasminewd2": "~2.0.2",
        "@types/node": "^10.14.10",
        "codelyzer": "^4.4.2",
        "jasmine-core": "~3.3.0",
        "jasmine-spec-reporter": "~4.1.0",
        "karma": "^4.1.0",
        "karma-chrome-launcher": "~2.1.1",
        "karma-cli": "~1.0.1",
        "karma-coverage-istanbul-reporter": "^2.0.5",
        "karma-jasmine": "~1.1.0",
        "karma-jasmine-html-reporter": "^1.4.2",
        "protractor": "^5.4.2",
        "ts-node": "~7.0.1",
        "tslint": "~5.7.0",
        "typescript": "3.1.6"
    }
}

以下是组件规范:

import { async, ComponentFixture, TestBed } from '@angular/core/testing';

import { InsuranceComponent } from './insurance.component';
import { CartModule } from '../../cart/cart.module';
import { SharedModule } from '../../shared/shared.module';
import { CommonModule } from '@angular/common';
import { MbscModule } from '@mobiscroll/angular';
import { FormsModule } from '@angular/forms';
import { NgbModule } from '@ng-bootstrap/ng-bootstrap';
import { PipeModule } from '../../pipe/pipe.module';
import { InfiniteScrollModule } from 'ngx-infinite-scroll';
import { InsuranceRoutingModule } from '../insurance-routing/insurance-routing.module';
import { InsuranceSearchItemComponent } from '../insurance-search-item/insurance-search-item.component';
// tslint:disable-next-line:max-line-length
import { InsuranceSearchItemDetailsComponent } from '../insurance-search-item/insurance-search-item-details/insurance-search-item-details.component';

describe('Insurance Component', () => {
    let component: InsuranceComponent;
    let fixture: ComponentFixture<InsuranceComponent>;

    beforeEach(async(() => {
        TestBed.configureTestingModule({
            imports: [
                CartModule,
                SharedModule,
                CommonModule,
                MbscModule,
                FormsModule,
                NgbModule,
                PipeModule,
                InfiniteScrollModule,
                InsuranceRoutingModule
            ],
            declarations: [InsuranceComponent, InsuranceSearchItemComponent, InsuranceSearchItemDetailsComponent]
        }).compileComponents();

        fixture = TestBed.createComponent(InsuranceComponent);
        component = fixture.componentInstance;
        fixture.detectChanges();
    }));

    it('should create', () => {
        expect(component).toBeTruthy();
    });
});

如有任何帮助，我们将不胜感激。谢谢

Answer 1

我在 Angular 11 升级后收到此错误。

此行必须是 test.ts 中的第一行，在所有其他导入之前:

import 'zone.js/dist/zone-testing'; // zone-testing needs to be first import!