c - 根据用户输入构建字符串数组

Question

我有以下简单的程序，它将从终端获取用户字符串输入(“”)，并将输入逐个字符地解析为字符串数组(称为数组)。每当遇到数字字符时，都会创建一个新字符串:即 ./programname "Hello1 my name is 2john" 将输出为:

Hello

1 my name is 

2john

因此，我正在检查输入的每个字符，然后决定是否将其strcat到array[j]处的当前字符串或分配另一个字符串 array[j+1] 并将其附加到该数组的开头。

代码如下:

/*concatenates ts[i] and array[j]*/
char *add_to(char * copy, char ** array, int i , int j,int current_size){
    /* expand size of string at array[j]*/
    array[j] = realloc(array[j],sizeof(char)*(current_size+2));
    /*concate next character of ts*/
    char * target = malloc(sizeof(char)*2);
    strncpy(target,copy+i,1);
    target=strcat(target,"\0");
    array[j]=strcat(array[j],target);
    return array[j];

}

int main(int argc, char** argv){

    /*will hold literals*/
    char ** array = malloc(sizeof(char*)*1);
    /* current size */
    int array_size =1 ;
    /* terminal input */
    char * ts = *(argv+1);

    /* index of array */
    int j =0;
    /* index of terminal input */
    int i =0;
    /*current place to concatenate to in array[j] */
    int current_size=0;
    /* while there is more input */
    while(i<strlen(ts)){
    /* if we need more space */
        if(j==array_size){
            printf("%s\n","Expand");
            array_size++;
            /* assign old pointer to new pointer */
            array=realloc(array,array_size*sizeof(char*));
        }
        /* concatenate array[j] and character at ts[i]*/
        array[j]=add_to(ts,array,i,j,current_size);
        /*new spot to concatenate when loop around */
        current_size++;
        /* move onto next character of ts */
        i++;
        /*if this new character is a digit move to next slot of array */
        if(i<strlen(ts)&&isdigit(*(ts+i))!=0){
            j++;
            current_size=0;
        }   
    }
    /* print all literals in array */
    j=0;
    while(j<array_size){
        printf("%s\n",array[j]);
        j++;
    }
return 0;
}

但是，当输入太大时，程序开始打印多字节字符以及正确的字符串:(Ð-�3))或者更大的结果会导致段错误。

知道我动态分配内存时做错了什么吗？

Answer 1

减少并修复您的代码:

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <ctype.h>

char *add_to(char * copy, char ** array, int i , int j, int current_size){//i: start position, j: length of parts
    char *target = malloc(j + 1);//+1 for NUL
    strncpy(target, copy + i, j);
    target[j] = '\0';
    return array[current_size-1] = target;
}

int main(int argc, char** argv){
    const char *digits = "0123456789";
    char **array = NULL;
    int array_size = 0;//current size
    char *ts = argv[1];//terminal input

    int i, j;

    for(i = 0; ts[i] != '\0'; i += j){//i: index of the string
        //no need size check when expand one by one
        array = realloc(array, ++array_size * sizeof(char*));//fail check omitted
        j  = strspn(ts + i,      digits);//The length containing digit
        j += strcspn(ts + i + j, digits);//add length containing no digit
        add_to(ts, array, i, j, array_size);
    }
    /* print all string in array */
    for(j=0; j<array_size; j++){
        puts(array[j]);
    }
    //deallocate
    return 0;
}