c - 如何使用C中的指针在结构类型数组中获取字符串输入

Question

当我运行此代码并尝试在结构类型数组中输入第一个字符串时，程序停止。但我的代码似乎没有错误。我现在能做什么？我使用 Code::Blocks 和 GCC 编译器。

*

#include <stdio.h>
void main()
{
    int i, serial, n=4;
    struct Student
    {
        char *name;
        char *id;
        int semester;
        int age;
        float cgpa;
    };
    struct Student stuArr[n];
    for(i=0; i<n; i++)
    {
        serial = i+1;
        printf("\t\tStudent No: %d\n", serial);
        printf("Input the name of Student-%d:\n", serial);
        scanf("%s", &stuArr[i].name);
        printf("Input %s's ID:\n", stuArr[i].name);
        scanf("%s", stuArr[i].id);
        printf("Input %s's semester:\n", stuArr[i].name);
        scanf("%d", &stuArr[i].semester);
        printf("Input %s's age:\n", stuArr[i].name);
        scanf("%d", &stuArr[i].age);
        printf("Input %s's CGPA:\n", stuArr[i].name);
        scanf("%f", &stuArr[i].cgpa);
    }
    float tot_cgpa=0, avg_cgpa;
    for(i=0; i<n; i++)
    {
        tot_cgpa += stuArr[i].cgpa;
        if(stuArr[i].cgpa < 2.50)
        {
            printf("%s is in probation.\n", stuArr[i].name);
        }
        if(stuArr[i].age > 21)
        {
            printf("%s is more than 21 years old.\n", stuArr[i].name);
        }
        if(stuArr[i].semester >= 12)
        {
            printf("%s is in the last semester.\n", stuArr[i].name);
        }
    }
    avg_cgpa = tot_cgpa/10.0;
    printf("Average CGPA of %d students: %0.2f\n", n, avg_cgpa);
}

*

Answer 1

您的学生姓名和 ID 未正确分配，它们是未初始化的指针。

您可以使用 malloc 手动分配它们，也可以在结构中定义它们，如下所示:

struct Student
{
    char name[32];
    char id[32];
    int semester;
    int age;
    float cgpa;
};