c - 将文件 .txt 读取到数组并拆分

Question

我来这里是为了寻求帮助。我想读取以下格式的 .txt:

20
20

1 2
1 2
3 4 2 2
5 4 1 1 1 1
4 2 1 3 1
3 2 1 7
4 1 3 3 2
2 10 1
5 8 2 1 1 1
3 8 1 1
4 9 1 1 1
4 3 8 1 1
2 2 12
4 3 2 4 3
4 2 2 4 3
3 3 4 2
2 3 2
3 2 1 2
2 5 4
2 4 2

1 6
1 9
2 9 3
4 4 4 1 1
3 1 2 8
3 4 9 1
4 2 7 1 1
2 7 1
3 1 5 1
3 8 5 1
4 1 3 7 1
5 1 2 2 3 1
5 2 1 2 2 1
3 2 4 1
4 2 1 4 1
6 1 1 1 1 2 1
4 1 2 1 2
3 8 1 2
1 4
1 2

我写了一些代码。它复制 .txt 的每一行(我不想读取 20 行)并在运行时直接在 cmd 中打印。这是代码:

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <math.h>
#include <string.h>



int main( int argc, char *argv[]){

    FILE*fp;
    int i=0, dimension[2];
    char row[128];
    int n_rows, n_columns;
    char *v_row, *v_col;


    fp=fopen(argv[1],"r");


    if(fp == NULL){
        printf("File not found\n");
        exit(0);
                }
    while(i<3){

        fgets(row, 128, fp);
        sscanf(row, "%d", &dimension[i]);
        i++;
        }
    n_rows=dimension[0];
    n_columns=dimension[1];

    printf("dimension: %d x %d\n\n", n_rows, n_columns);
    v_row=malloc((n_rows+1)*sizeof(char));
    v_col=malloc((n_columns+1)*sizeof(char));

    for(i=0; i<n_rows; i++){
        fgets(row, 128, fp);
        printf("row: %s\n", row);


        }
    for(i=0;i<n_columns; i++){
        fgets(row, 128, fp);
        printf("row: %s\n", row);
        sscanf(row,"%s", &v_col[i]);
    }


    fclose(fp);

    exit(-1);
}

但这不是我的最终目标。我真正想做的是将每一行放入一个数组中，将第一个数字拆分为一个数组，并将该行的其余部分拆分为另一个数组，但不幸的是我无法找到一种方法来做到这一点。

Answer 1

其实你自己已经得到了答案。使用 sscanf() 完成您的工作

示例::

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

int main()
{
    char *tmp = "123 456 789 123 4652 128793";
    char arr[5], arr2[30];
    printf("tmp::\t%s\n",tmp);
    sscanf(tmp,"%s %[^\n]s",arr,arr2);
    printf("arr::\t%s\n",arr);
    printf("arr2::\t%s\n",arr2);
    return 0;
}

输出:

tmp::   123 456 789 123 4652 128793
arr::   123
arr2::  456 789 123 4652 128793

编辑::

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#define LENGTH 42 // max length of line

int main()
{
    FILE *fp; // for the file
    int Nrow, Ncol;
    int loop;
    char line[LENGTH];
    char **arrRows_1stDim, **arrRows_2ndDim;
    char **arrCols_1stDim, **arrCols_2ndDim;
    char arr[20], arr2[20];
    fp = fopen("testDATA.txt","r"); // I saved your file with this name
    if(fp == NULL)
    {
        perror("testDATA.txt");
        return -1;
    }
    fscanf(fp,"%d", &Nrow);
    fscanf(fp,"%d", &Ncol);
    printf("Nrow::%d,\tNcol::%d\n",Nrow,Ncol);
    arrRows_1stDim = malloc(sizeof(char*) * Nrow);
    arrRows_2ndDim = malloc(sizeof(char*) * Nrow);
    arrCols_1stDim = malloc(sizeof(char*) * Ncol);
    arrCols_2ndDim = malloc(sizeof(char*) * Ncol);
    // check if our malloc() was allocated 
    if(arrRows_1stDim == NULL || arrRows_2ndDim == NULL || arrCols_1stDim == NULL || arrCols_2ndDim == NULL)
    {
        fprintf(stderr,"Couldn't malloc()");
        return -1;
    }
    printf("Reading Rows...\n\n");
    for(loop=0;loop<Nrow;loop++)
    {
        fgets(line,LENGTH,fp);
        if(strlen(line)==1)
            loop--;
        else
        {
            sscanf(line,"%s %[^\n]s",arr,arr2);
            //printf("Arr::%s,\tArr2::%s\n",arr,arr2);
            arrRows_1stDim[loop] = malloc(sizeof(char) * (strlen(arr) + 1));
            arrRows_2ndDim[loop] = malloc(sizeof(char) * (strlen(arr2) + 1));
            // check if our malloc() was allocated
            if(arrRows_1stDim[loop] == NULL || arrRows_2ndDim[loop] == NULL)
            {
                fprintf(stderr,"Couldn't malloc()");
                return -1;
            }
            strcpy(arrRows_1stDim[loop],arr);
            strcpy(arrRows_2ndDim[loop],arr2);
            //printf("arrRows_1stDim[loop]::%s,\tarrRows_2ndDim[loop]::%s\n",arrRows_1stDim[loop],arrRows_2ndDim[loop]);
        }
    }
    printf("\nReading Cols...\n\n");
    for(loop=0;loop<Ncol;loop++)
    {
        fgets(line,LENGTH,fp);
        if(strlen(line)==1)
            loop--;
        else
        {
            sscanf(line,"%s %[^\n]s",arr,arr2);
            //printf("Arr::%s,\tArr2::%s\n",arr,arr2);
            arrCols_1stDim[loop] = malloc(sizeof(char) * (strlen(arr) + 1));
            arrCols_2ndDim[loop] = malloc(sizeof(char) * (strlen(arr2) + 1));
            // check if our malloc() was allocated
            if(arrCols_1stDim[loop] == NULL || arrCols_2ndDim[loop] == NULL)
            {
                fprintf(stderr,"Couldn't malloc()");
                return -1;
            }
            strcpy(arrCols_1stDim[loop],arr);
            strcpy(arrCols_2ndDim[loop],arr2);
        }
    }
    printf("Let's see whether we read correctly or not...\n");
    printf("Printing Rows...\n");
    for(loop=0;loop<Nrow;loop++)
    {
        printf("Rows_1stArray:: %s,\t Rows_2ndArray:: %s\n",arrRows_1stDim[loop],arrRows_2ndDim[loop]);
    }
    printf("\nPrinting Cols...\n");
    for(loop=0;loop<Ncol;loop++)
    {
        printf("Rows_1stArray:: %s,\t Rows_2ndArray:: %s\n",arrCols_1stDim[loop],arrCols_2ndDim[loop]);
    }
    printf("\nFree Allocated Memory...\n");
    // free inner level
    for(loop=0;loop<Nrow;loop++)
    {
        free(arrRows_1stDim[loop]);
        free(arrRows_2ndDim[loop]);
    }
    // free outer level
    free(arrRows_1stDim);
    free(arrRows_2ndDim);        
    for(loop=0;loop<Ncol;loop++)
    {
        free(arrCols_1stDim[loop]);
        free(arrCols_2ndDim[loop]);
    }
    free(arrCols_1stDim);
    free(arrCols_2ndDim);
    fclose(fp);
    printf("Done!\n");
    return 0;
}

输出::

Nrow::20,       Ncol::20
Reading Rows...


Reading Cols...

Let's see whether we read correctly or not...
Printing Rows...
Rows_1stArray:: 1,       Rows_2ndArray:: 2
Rows_1stArray:: 1,       Rows_2ndArray:: 2
Rows_1stArray:: 3,       Rows_2ndArray:: 4 2 2
Rows_1stArray:: 5,       Rows_2ndArray:: 4 1 1 1 1
Rows_1stArray:: 4,       Rows_2ndArray:: 2 1 3 1
Rows_1stArray:: 3,       Rows_2ndArray:: 2 1 7
Rows_1stArray:: 4,       Rows_2ndArray:: 1 3 3 2
Rows_1stArray:: 2,       Rows_2ndArray:: 10 1
Rows_1stArray:: 5,       Rows_2ndArray:: 8 2 1 1 1
Rows_1stArray:: 3,       Rows_2ndArray:: 8 1 1
Rows_1stArray:: 4,       Rows_2ndArray:: 9 1 1 1
Rows_1stArray:: 4,       Rows_2ndArray:: 3 8 1 1
Rows_1stArray:: 2,       Rows_2ndArray:: 2 12
Rows_1stArray:: 4,       Rows_2ndArray:: 3 2 4 3
Rows_1stArray:: 4,       Rows_2ndArray:: 2 2 4 3
Rows_1stArray:: 3,       Rows_2ndArray:: 3 4 2
Rows_1stArray:: 2,       Rows_2ndArray:: 3 2
Rows_1stArray:: 3,       Rows_2ndArray:: 2 1 2
Rows_1stArray:: 2,       Rows_2ndArray:: 5 4
Rows_1stArray:: 2,       Rows_2ndArray:: 4 2

Printing Cols...
Rows_1stArray:: 1,       Rows_2ndArray:: 6
Rows_1stArray:: 1,       Rows_2ndArray:: 9
Rows_1stArray:: 2,       Rows_2ndArray:: 9 3
Rows_1stArray:: 4,       Rows_2ndArray:: 4 4 1 1
Rows_1stArray:: 3,       Rows_2ndArray:: 1 2 8
Rows_1stArray:: 3,       Rows_2ndArray:: 4 9 1
Rows_1stArray:: 4,       Rows_2ndArray:: 2 7 1 1
Rows_1stArray:: 2,       Rows_2ndArray:: 7 1
Rows_1stArray:: 3,       Rows_2ndArray:: 1 5 1
Rows_1stArray:: 3,       Rows_2ndArray:: 8 5 1
Rows_1stArray:: 4,       Rows_2ndArray:: 1 3 7 1
Rows_1stArray:: 5,       Rows_2ndArray:: 1 2 2 3 1
Rows_1stArray:: 5,       Rows_2ndArray:: 2 1 2 2 1
Rows_1stArray:: 3,       Rows_2ndArray:: 2 4 1
Rows_1stArray:: 4,       Rows_2ndArray:: 2 1 4 1
Rows_1stArray:: 6,       Rows_2ndArray:: 1 1 1 1 2 1
Rows_1stArray:: 4,       Rows_2ndArray:: 1 2 1 2
Rows_1stArray:: 3,       Rows_2ndArray:: 8 1 2
Rows_1stArray:: 1,       Rows_2ndArray:: 4
Rows_1stArray:: 1,       Rows_2ndArray:: 2

Free Allocated Memory...
Done!