从文件系统获取随机文件的C程序

Question

我正在开发一款游戏，我需要一个可以从系统中查找随机文件名的程序。我不确定我应该如何去做。

这是我到目前为止所得到的:注意，我需要有关 get_random_files 函数的帮助。我完全不知道如何以快速且占用大量内存的方式抓取随机文件。

 char islld(char *path)
 {
      DIR *d = opendir(path);
      struct dirent *ds;
      struct stat st;
      char *buf = malloc(strlen(path) + 1024), ret = -1;
      while ((ds = readdir(d)) != NULL)
      {
           sprintf(buf, "%s/%s", path, ds->d_name);
           stat(buf, &st);
           if (S_ISDIR(st.st_mode))
                goto err;
      }
      ret = 1;
 err:
      ret = ret < 0 ? 0 : ret;
      closedir(d);
      free(buf);
      return ret;
 }

 char hasfiles(char *path)
 {
      DIR *d = opendir(path);
      struct dirent *ds;
      struct stat st;
      char *buf = malloc(strlen(path) + 1024);
      while ((ds = readdir(d)) != NULL)
      {
           sprintf(buf, "%s/%s", path, ds->d_name);
           stat(buf, &st);
           if (S_ISREG(st.st_mode))
           {
                free(buf);
                closedir(d);
                return 1;
           }
      }
      free(buf);
      closedir(d);
      return 0;
 }

 tlist *getdirs(char *path)
 {
      tlist *ret = tlist_init();
      DIR *d = opendir(path);
      struct dirent *ds;
      struct stat st;
      char *buf = malloc(strlen(path) + 1024);
      while ((ds = readdir(d)) != NULL)
      {
           sprintf(buf, "%s/%s", path, ds->d_name);
           stat(buf, &st);
           if (S_ISDIR(st.st_mode))
                tlist_insert(ret, buf, (unsigned int)strlen(buf) + 1);
      }
      free(buf);
      closedir(d);
      return ret;
 }

 tlist *getfiles(char *path)
 {
      tlist *ret = tlist_init();
      DIR *d = opendir(path);
      struct dirent *ds;
      struct stat st;
      char *buf = malloc(strlen(path) + 1024);
      while ((ds = readdir(d)) != NULL)
      {
           sprintf(buf, "%s/%s", path, ds->d_name);
           stat(buf, &st);
           if (S_ISREG(st.st_mode))
                tlist_insert(ret, buf, (unsigned int)strlen(buf) + 1);
      }
      free(buf);
      closedir(d);
      return ret;
 }

 tlist *get_random_files(char *basepath, int num)
 {
      tlist *dirs = NULL, *files = NULL, *retfiles = tlist_init();
      char buf[4096]; //should be plenty
      int i, j, nf;
      strcpy(buf, basepath);
      for (nf = 0; nf < num;)
      {
           if (files == NULL) files = tlist_init();
           if (dirs == NULL)
           {
                if (!islld(buf))
                     if (hasfiles(buf))
                          files = getfiles(buf);
           }
      }
      return NULL;
 }

我不知道我是否需要完全废弃整个事情，但我需要帮助来完成 get_random_files 函数。作为引用，这是我的 tlist 定义:

struct typelesslist_node
{
    void *data;
    struct typelesslist_node *next;
    unsigned int size;
};

typedef struct typelesslist_node tlist;

tlist * tlist_init(void);
void tlist_insert(tlist *list, void *data, unsigned int size);
tlist * tlist_remove(tlist *list, unsigned int key);
void tlist_get(tlist *list, void *dest, unsigned int key);
tlist * tlist_free(tlist *list);
void tlist_insert_list(tlist *dest, tlist *src);

再次，非常感谢任何帮助。我想避开 C++、boost 等。我希望这个程序不依赖于任何外部库。

谢谢。

Answer 1

我想出了一个解决办法。获取每个目录的条目数，将该数字作为 arc4random 的 mod，然后如果这是一个常规文件，则将其添加到列表中，否则递归到该目录并重复。

#include <stdio.h>
#include <dirent.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <curses.h>
#include <sys/dirent.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include "typelesslist.h"

#define DEBUGV 0
#define MIN_LEVELS 4

 int numentries(char *path)
 {
      int ret = 0;
      DIR *d;
      struct dirent *ds;
      struct stat st;
      char *buf;
      if ((d = opendir(path)) == NULL) return -1;
      buf = malloc(strlen(path) + 1024);
      while ((ds = readdir(d)) != NULL)
      {
           if (strcmp(ds->d_name, ".") == 0 || strstr(ds->d_name, "./") != NULL) continue;
           sprintf(buf, "%s/%s", path, ds->d_name);
           stat(buf, &st);
           if (S_ISREG(st.st_mode) || S_ISDIR(st.st_mode))
                ++ret;
      }
      free(buf);
      closedir(d);
      return ret;
 }

 char *fullnamefromkey(char *path, int key)
 {
      DIR *d;
      struct dirent *ds;
      struct stat st;
      char *buf;
      int i = 0;
      if ((d = opendir(path)) == NULL) return NULL;
      buf = malloc(strlen(path) + 1024);
      while ((ds = readdir(d)) != NULL)
      {
           sprintf(buf, "%s/%s", path, ds->d_name);
           stat(buf, &st);
           if (S_ISREG(st.st_mode) || S_ISDIR(st.st_mode))
           {
                if (i++ == key)
                {
                     closedir(d);
                     return buf;
                }
           }
      }
      return NULL; //this should never happen
 }

 int countstr(char *str, char * c)
 {
      if (strstr(str, c) == NULL)
           return 0;
      return 1 + countstr(strstr(str, c) + 1, c);
 }

 void minimize_path(char *s)
 {
      int i, j;
      do
      {
           for (i = 0; i < strlen(s); i++)
           {
                if (s[i] == '/' && s[i + 1] == '/') //double /
                     for (j = i; j < strlen(s) + 1; j++)
                          s[j] = s[j + 1];
                if (s[i] == '.' && s[i + 1] == '/')
                     for (j = i; j < strlen(s) + 1; j++)
                          s[j] = s[j + 2];
           }
      } while (strstr(s, "//") != NULL);
 }

 tlist *get_random_files(char *basepath, int num)
 {
      tlist *retfiles = tlist_init(), *ttmp;
      char *tmpbuf; //should be plenty
      struct stat st;
      int i, ne = numentries(basepath), found = 0;
      if (DEBUGV) printf("[get_random_files] enter with basepath=%s and num=%d\n", basepath, num);
      while (found < num || num == -1)
      {
           if (ne < 5) return NULL;
           found = tlist_num_entries(retfiles);
           do
           {
                i = arc4random() % ne;
                tmpbuf = fullnamefromkey(basepath, i);
           } while (tmpbuf == NULL);
           stat(tmpbuf, &st);
           if (S_ISREG(st.st_mode))
           {
                minimize_path(tmpbuf);
                if (strstr(tmpbuf, "/./") != NULL || strstr(tmpbuf, " ") != NULL) continue;
                if (countstr(tmpbuf, "/") > MIN_LEVELS && strstr(tmpbuf, "..") == NULL)
                     tlist_insert(retfiles, tmpbuf, (unsigned int)strlen(tmpbuf) + 1);
                free(tmpbuf);
           }
           else //is a directory
           {
                if (DEBUGV) printf("[get_random_files] recursing with basepath=%s\n", basepath);
                ttmp = get_random_files(tmpbuf, -1);
                if (DEBUGV) printf("[get_random_files] exited recursion\n");
                if (ttmp != NULL)
                {
                     tlist_insert_list(retfiles, ttmp);
                     ttmp = tlist_free(ttmp);
                }
                //free(tmpbuf);
           }
           if (num == -1)
                break;
      }
      return retfiles;
 }

 int main(int argc, char * * argv)
 {
      tlist *l = get_random_files("/", 5), *t = l;
      char buf[1024];
      //srand(time(0));
      while (t != NULL)
      {
           if (t->data != NULL)
           {
                strcpy(buf, t->data);
                printf("Got file %s\n", buf);
                t = t->next;
           }
           else break;
      }
      tlist_free(l);
 }