c - 与 Codex C 交换结构体中的单词-6ren

c - 与 Codex C 交换结构体中的单词

转载作者：行者123 更新时间：2023-11-30 17:17:44

我正在编写一个程序，该程序将读取两个文件(hw8.data 和 codex.data)，hw8.data 包含一首诗，codex.data 包含要替换该诗中的单词。我已经将要加载的文件并保存在链接列表中。我无法找到匹配的单词并替换它们。例如，我也无法将标点符号从 hw8 转移到新替换的单词上。 hw8: Hello World 。，抄本:世界sup，所以诗中的新词将是你好sup。这是hw8.data

Eye have a spelling chequer, 
It came with my Pea Sea.
It plane lee marks four my revue, 
Miss Steaks I can knot sea.
Eye strike the quays and type a whirred,
And weight four it two say,
Weather eye am write oar wrong,
It tells me straight aweigh.
Eye ran this poem threw it,
Your shore real glad two no.
Its vary polished in its weigh.
My chequer tolled me sew.
A chequer is a bless thing,
It freeze yew lodes of thyme.
It helps me right all stiles of righting,
And aides me when eye rime.
Each frays come posed up on my screen,
Eye trussed too bee a joule.
The chequer pours over every word,
Two cheque sum spelling rule.

Codex.data(不是全部)

Eye I
eye I
chequer checker 
Pea P
Sea C
plane plainly
lee skip 
four for
revue review
Miss Mistakes
Steaks skip
knot not
sea see
quays keys
.
.
.

这是我的代码:

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

struct node {
    char * word;
    struct node* next;
};

struct codex {
    char *word1;
    char *word2;
    struct codex *next;
};

struct node *loadWords(FILE *stream);
struct codex *loadCodex(FILE *stream);
struct node *exchange(struct node *head, struct codex *headC);

int main()
{
    FILE *stream = NULL;
    struct node *head;
    struct node *temp;
    struct node *loop;

    struct codex *headC;
    struct codex *tempC;
    struct codex *loopC;

    head = loadWords(stream);
    if (head == NULL) {
        return 1;
    }
    temp = head;//print each word
    while (temp != NULL) {
        //printf ( "%s\n", temp->word);
        temp = temp->next;
    }


    headC = loadCodex(stream);
    if (headC == NULL) {
        return 1;
    }
    tempC = headC;//print each word
    while (tempC != NULL) {
        //printf ( "%s %s\n", tempC->word1, tempC->word2);
        tempC = tempC->next;
    }

    struct node *exchangedHead;
    struct node *temp2;

    exchangedHead = exchange(head, headC);
    if (exchangedHead == NULL) {
        return 1;
    }
    temp2 = exchangedHead;//print each word
    while (temp2 != NULL) {
        //printf ( "%s ", temp2->word);
        temp2 = temp2->next;
    }

    temp = head;// free memory
    while(temp != NULL) {
        loop = temp->next;
        free ( temp->word);
        free ( temp);
        temp = loop;
    }

    tempC = headC;// free memory
    while (tempC != NULL) {
        loopC = tempC->next;
        free ( tempC->word1);
        free ( tempC->word2);
        free ( tempC);
        tempC = loopC;
    }
    return 0;
}

/*
 * This function will go through and load the words from the text file and save it to
 * the struct and link the current struct to the next one
 */
struct node *loadWords(FILE *stream) {
    struct node *loop = NULL;
    struct node *temp = NULL;
    struct node *head = NULL;
    char *words = NULL;
    char *currentWord;
    size_t chrCount = 0;
    if ((stream = fopen("hw8.data", "r")) == NULL) {
        printf ("could not open file\n");
        return NULL;
    }

    while(getline( &words, &chrCount, stream) > 0) {//read a line from file
        currentWord = strtok(words, " ");//get first token
        while (currentWord != NULL) {//loop through tokens
            if((temp = calloc(1, sizeof(struct node))) == NULL) {
                printf("ERROR - Could not allocate memory.\n");
                exit(0);
            }
            temp->word = strdup ( currentWord);//allocate memory and copy token to word
            if ( head == NULL) {
                head = temp;//first structure
            }
            else {
                loop = head;
                while ( loop->next != NULL) {//loop to last structure
                    loop = loop->next;//add structure to end
                }
                loop->next = temp;
            }
            currentWord = strtok(NULL, " ");//next token
        }
        free (words);//release memory
        chrCount = 0;//so readline will allocate memory for next line
        words = NULL;
    }

    return head;
}

/*
 * This function will go through and load the words from the text file and save it to
 * the struct and link the current struct to the next one
 */
struct codex *loadCodex(FILE *stream) {
    struct codex *loop = NULL;
    struct codex *temp = NULL;
    struct codex *head = NULL;
    char *words = NULL;
    char *currentWord;
    char *currentWord2;
    size_t chrCount = 0;
    if (( stream = fopen("codex.data", "r")) == NULL) {
        printf ("could not open file\n");
        return NULL;
    }

    while(getline( &words, &chrCount, stream) > 0) {//read a line from file
        currentWord = strtok(words, " ");//get first token
        currentWord2 = strtok(NULL, "\n");
        while (currentWord != NULL && currentWord2 != NULL) {//loop through tokens
            if((temp = calloc(1, sizeof(struct node))) == NULL) {
                printf("ERROR - Could not allocate memory.\n");
                exit(0);
            }
            temp->word1 = strdup ( currentWord);//allocate memory and copy token to word
            temp->word2 = strdup ( currentWord2);
            if (head == NULL) {
                head = temp;//first structure
            }
            else {
                loop = head;
                while ( loop->next != NULL) {//loop to last structure
                    loop = loop->next;//add structure to end
                }
                loop->next = temp;
            }
            currentWord = strtok(NULL, " ");//next token
        }
        free (words);//release memory
        chrCount = 0;//so readline will allocate memory for next line
        words = NULL;
    }

    return head;
}

struct node *exchange(struct node *head, struct codex *headC) {
    struct node *temp;
    temp = head;
    while(head != NULL && headC != NULL) {
        if(strcmp(head->word, headC->word1)) {
            head->word = relloc(head->word, strlen(headC->word2));
            head->word = headC->word2;
            head->next = temp->next;
            headC = headC->next;
            temp = temp->next;
        }
    }
}

最佳答案

您在 exchange 中遇到的问题(除了拼写错误 realloc 并未能返回值)无法为 null-terminating 分配空间realloc上的字符。 (注意我还没有检查列表操作的正确性)

head->word = realloc(head->word, strlen(headC->word2));

应该是

head->word = realloc(head->word, strlen(headC->word2) + 1);

这可以解释为什么你会失去 1-char每行末尾的标点符号。

您还应该realloc到 tmp指针并仅分配 head->word = tmp;如果重新分配成功。 (否则您会丢失 head->word 的原始内容)此外，如果您不打算从 exchange 返回值，只需使函数void (否则返回 head )。如果这不能解决问题，请告诉我，我会进行更深入的研究。

<小时/>

更多问题

查看代码，我发现了更多问题(一些很重要)。主要是您的exchange功能就像火车失事一样。通常，在迭代链表时，您会创建一个临时指针来迭代，而不是使用列表地址(如 main 中所做的那样)。你为什么不这样做作为交换？鉴于此，我放弃了交换并重写了它。它包含在下面。在您的读取功能中，明智地选择使用getline ，但无需重置chrCount = 0;或words = NULL;为了 getline分配下一行。它会自动完成。

但是，你在发线时犯规了words至strtok ——无需先制作副本。为什么？ getline分配了空间并需要管理/释放它分配的内存块。当您发送 words至strtok它修改内存，插入 null-terminating getline 时可能导致杂散错误的字符尝试free/realloc block 。始终复制 getline 分配的行在将行发送到 strtok 之前。此外，由于您必须释放副本，因此创建 pointer到您的副本，以便保留内存块的起始地址，以便传递到 free当你完成时。

未开封的FILE*无需传递指向您的读取函数的指针。可以在函数内声明它。您需要通过的是 filename所以你的阅读功能知道要打开什么。我变了main包含其参数，以便您现在将单词/codex 文件名作为参数传递。

注意:我刚刚使用您的示例法典值进行测试。

查看代码中的修改和注释:

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

struct node {
    char * word;
    struct node* next;
};

struct codex {
    char *word1;
    char *word2;
    struct codex *next;
};

struct node *loadWords(char *filename);
struct codex *loadCodex(char *filename);
struct node *exchange(struct node *head, struct codex *headC);

int main (int argc, char **argv)
{
    if (argc < 3) {
        fprintf (stderr, "error: insufficient input. Usage: %s nodefile codexfile\n", argv[0]);
        return 1;
    }

    // FILE *stream = NULL;
    struct node *head;
    struct node *temp;
    struct node *loop;

    struct codex *headC;
    struct codex *tempC;
    struct codex *loopC;

    head = loadWords(argv[1]);
    if (head == NULL) {
        return 1;
    }

    printf ("\nOriginal:\n\n");
    temp = head;//print each word
    while (temp != NULL) {
        printf ( " %s", temp->word);
        temp = temp->next;
    }
    printf ("\n");


    headC = loadCodex(argv[2]);
    if (headC == NULL) {
        return 1;
    }
    tempC = headC;//print each word
    while (tempC != NULL) {
        // printf ( "%s %s\n", tempC->word1, tempC->word2);
        tempC = tempC->next;
    }

    struct node *exchangedHead;
    struct node *temp2;

    exchangedHead = exchange(head, headC);
    if (exchangedHead == NULL) {
        return 1;
    }

    printf ("\nExchanged:\n\n");
    temp2 = exchangedHead;//print each word
    while (temp2 != NULL) {
        printf ( " %s", temp2->word);
        temp2 = temp2->next;
    }
    printf ("\n");

    temp = head;// free memory
    while(temp != NULL) {
        loop = temp->next;
        free ( temp->word);
        free ( temp);
        temp = loop;
    }

    tempC = headC;// free memory
    while (tempC != NULL) {
        loopC = tempC->next;
        free ( tempC->word1);
        free ( tempC->word2);
        free ( tempC);
        tempC = loopC;
    }
    return 0;
}

/*
* This function will go through and load the words from the text file and save it to
* the struct and link the current struct to the next one
*/
struct node *loadWords(char *filename) {
    FILE *stream = NULL;
    struct node *loop = NULL;
    struct node *temp = NULL;
    struct node *head = NULL;
    char *words = NULL;
    char *currentWord;
    size_t chrCount = 0;
    ssize_t nchr = 0;
    if ((stream = fopen(filename, "r")) == NULL) {
        printf ("could not open file\n");
        return NULL;
    }

    while((nchr = getline (&words, &chrCount, stream)) != -1) {//read a line from file

        char *wtemp = strdup (words);   /* copy words, strtok will modify   */
        char *sp = wtemp;               /* save wtemp address, pass sp      */
        currentWord = strtok(sp, " ");//get first token

        while (currentWord != NULL) {//loop through tokens
            if((temp = calloc(1, sizeof(struct node))) == NULL) {
                printf("ERROR - Could not allocate memory.\n");
                exit(0);
            }
            temp->word = strdup (currentWord);//allocate memory and copy token to word
            if ( head == NULL) {
                head = temp;//first structure
            }
            else {
                loop = head;
                while ( loop->next != NULL) {//loop to last structure
                    loop = loop->next;//add structure to end
                }
                loop->next = temp;
            }
            currentWord = strtok(NULL, " ");//next token
        }
        if (wtemp) free (wtemp);
        wtemp = NULL;
        // chrCount = 0; //so readline will allocate memory for next line (***NOT REQUIED***)
        // words = NULL; (***NOT REQUIED***)
    }
    if (words) free (words);//release memory
    if (stream) fclose (stream);

    return head;
}

/*
* This function will go through and load the words from the text file and save it to
* the struct and link the current struct to the next one
*/
struct codex *loadCodex(char *filename) {
    FILE *stream = NULL;
    struct codex *loop = NULL;
    struct codex *temp = NULL;
    struct codex *head = NULL;
    char *words = NULL;
    char *currentWord;
    char *currentWord2;
    size_t chrCount = 0;
    ssize_t nchr = 0;

    if (( stream = fopen(filename, "r")) == NULL) {
        printf ("could not open file\n");
        return NULL;
    }

    while(getline( &words, &chrCount, stream) > 0) {//read a line from file

        while (nchr > 0 && (words[nchr-1] == '\n' || words[nchr-1] == '\r'))
            words[--nchr] = 0;          /* strip newline or carriage rtn    */

        char *wtemp = strdup (words);   /* copy words, strtok will modify   */
        char *sp = wtemp;               /* save wtemp address, pass sp      */

        currentWord = strtok(sp, " ");//get first token
        currentWord2 = strtok(NULL, "\n");
        while (currentWord != NULL && currentWord2 != NULL) {//loop through tokens
            if((temp = calloc(1, sizeof(struct node))) == NULL) {
                printf("ERROR - Could not allocate memory.\n");
                exit(0);
            }
            temp->word1 = strdup ( currentWord);//allocate memory and copy token to word
            temp->word2 = strdup ( currentWord2);
            if (head == NULL) {
                head = temp;//first structure
            }
            else {
                loop = head;
                while ( loop->next != NULL) {//loop to last structure
                    loop = loop->next;//add structure to end
                }
                loop->next = temp;
            }
            currentWord = strtok(NULL, " ");//next token
        }
        if (wtemp) free (wtemp);
        wtemp = NULL;
        // chrCount = 0;//so readline will allocate memory for next line
        // words = NULL;
    }
    if (words) free (words);//release memory
    if (stream) fclose (stream);

    return head;
}

// struct node *exchange(struct node *head, struct codex *headC) {
//     struct node *temp;
//     temp = head;
//     while(head != NULL && headC != NULL) {
//         if(strcmp(head->word, headC->word1)) {
//             head->word = realloc(head->word, strlen(headC->word2));
//             head->word = headC->word2;
//             head->next = temp->next;
//             headC = headC->next;
//             temp = temp->next;
//         }
//     }
// }

struct node *exchange(struct node *head, struct codex *headC) 
{
    struct node *temp = head;

    while(temp != NULL) 
    {
        char *wtemp = NULL;
        struct codex *tempC = headC;

        while (tempC != NULL) 
        {
            if (strcmp(temp->word, tempC->word1) == 0) {

                size_t tclen = strlen(tempC->word2);
                wtemp = realloc(temp->word, tclen + 1); /* add 1 for null-term */

                if (!wtemp) {
                    fprintf (stderr, "%s() error: realloc failed.\n", __func__);
                    return head;
                }
                temp->word = wtemp;
                memcpy (temp->word, tempC->word2, tclen + 1); /* copies the null-term also */
            }
            tempC = tempC->next;
        }
        temp = temp->next;
    }
    return head;
}

输出

$ ./bin/ll_single_replace_w dat/ll_replace_poem.txt dat/ll_replace_codex.txt

Original:

 Eye have a spelling chequer,
 It came with my Pea Sea.
 It plane lee marks four my revue,
 Miss Steaks I can knot sea.
 Eye strike the quays and type a whirred,
 And weight four it two say,
 Weather eye am write oar wrong,
 It tells me straight aweigh.
 Eye ran this poem threw it,
 Your shore real glad two no.
 Its vary polished in its weigh.
 My chequer tolled me sew.
 A chequer is a bless thing,
 It freeze yew lodes of thyme.
 It helps me right all stiles of righting,
 And aides me when eye rime.
 Each frays come posed up on my screen,
 Eye trussed too bee a joule.
 The chequer pours over every word,
 Two cheque sum spelling rule.


Exchanged:

 I have a spelling chequer,
 It came with my P Sea.
 It plainly skip  marks for my revue,
 Mistakes skip I can not sea.
 I strike the keys and type a whirred,
 And weight for it two say,
 Weather I am write oar wrong,
 It tells me straight aweigh.
 I ran this poem threw it,
 Your shore real glad two no.
 Its vary polished in its weigh.
 My checker  tolled me sew.
 A checker  is a bless thing,
 It freeze yew lodes of thyme.
 It helps me right all stiles of righting,
 And aides me when I rime.
 Each frays come posed up on my screen,
 I trussed too bee a joule.
 The checker  pours over every word,
 Two cheque sum spelling rule.

关于c - 与 Codex C 交换结构体中的单词，我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题： https://stackoverflow.com/questions/29359214/

文章推荐： javascript - 获取滑动的速度值？

文章推荐： c# - WebClient 似乎不起作用？

文章推荐： javascript - duojs用的是什么javascript模块api？

文章推荐： javascript - 无法通过 javascript 比较日期

c++ - C c;之间有什么区别吗？和 C c = C();?
#include using namespace std; class C{ private: int value; public: C(){ value = 0;
c++ - C 风格字符串差异 : C/C++
这个问题已经有答案了: What is the difference between char a[] = ?string?; and char *p = ?string?;? (8 个回答) 已关闭
c++ - c\c++ 转换为 C#
关闭。此题需要details or clarity 。目前不接受答案。想要改进这个问题吗？通过 editing this post 添加详细信息并澄清问题. 已关闭 7 年前。此帖子已于 8 个月
c# - C、C++、C# 的功能测试工具
除了调试之外，是否有任何针对 c、c++ 或 c# 的测试工具，其工作原理类似于将独立函数复制粘贴到某个文本框，然后在其他文本框中输入参数？最佳答案也许您会考虑单元测试。我推荐你谷歌测试和谷歌模拟
c# - C/C++/C# 在监视器上设置窗口位置
我想在第二台显示器中移动一个窗口 (HWND)。问题是我尝试了很多方法，例如将分辨率加倍或输入负值，但它永远无法将窗口放在我的第二台显示器上。关于如何在 C/C++/c# 中执行此操作的任何线索最
c# - C/C++/C#中的DES实现
我正在寻找 C/C++/C## 中不同类型 DES 的现有实现。我的运行平台是Windows XP/Vista/7。我正在尝试编写一个 C# 程序，它将使用 DES 算法进行加密和解密。我需要一些实
c# - 在条件中使用赋值是否安全？ C/C++、C#
很难说出这里要问什么。这个问题模棱两可、含糊不清、不完整、过于宽泛或夸夸其谈，无法以目前的形式得到合理的回答。如需帮助澄清此问题以便重新打开，visit the help center . 关闭 1
c++ - C/C++/C# 强制窗口在最上面
有没有办法强制将另一个窗口置于顶部？不是应用程序的窗口，而是另一个已经在系统上运行的窗口。 (Windows, C/C++/C#) 最佳答案 SetWindowPos(that_window_ha
c# - 套接字服务器应用程序的选择 : C/C++ or C#
假设您可以在 C/C++ 或 Csharp 之间做出选择，并且您打算在 Windows 和 Linux 服务器上运行同一服务器的多个实例，那么构建套接字服务器应用程序的最明智选择是什么？最佳答案如
c++ - C/C++ 运行时库和 C/C++ 标准库的区别
你们能告诉我它们之间的区别吗？顺便问一下，有什么叫C++库或C库的吗？最佳答案 C++ 标准库和 C 标准库是 C++ 和 C 标准定义的库，提供给 C++ 和 C 程序使用。那是那些词的共同
c++ - &C::c 和 &(C::c) 有什么区别？
下面的测试代码，我将输出信息放在注释中。我使用的是 gcc 4.8.5 和 Centos 7.2。 #include #include class C { public:
c++ - 什么 C++(通用 (c/c++) 与 (通用 c)/c++ )
很难说出这里问的是什么。这个问题是含糊的、模糊的、不完整的、过于宽泛的或修辞性的，无法以目前的形式得到合理的回答。如需帮助澄清此问题以便重新打开它，visit the help center 。已关
c# - 通过网络在 C/C++ 服务器、C/C++ 和 C# 客户端之间发送数据结构
我的客户将使用名为 annoucement 的结构/类与客户通信。我想我会用 C++ 编写服务器。会有很多不同的类继承annoucement。我的问题是通过网络将这些类发送给客户端我想也许我应该使用
c# - C/C++ - 如何将 Buffer.BlockCopy (C#) 转换为 C/C++
我在 C# 中有以下函数: public Matrix ConcatDescriptors(IList> descriptors) { int cols = descriptors[0].Co
c++ - C/C++ - 对其他人隐藏 C 或 C++ 函数代码
我有一个项目要编写一个函数来对某些数据执行某些操作。我可以用 C/C++ 编写代码，但我不想与雇主共享该函数的代码。相反，我只想让他有权在他自己的代码中调用该函数。是否可以？我想到了这两种方法 - 在
c# - 在托管代码(C++、C、C++/CLI、C#)中使用非托管代码时处理错误
我使用的是编写糟糕的第 3 方 (C/C++) Api。我从托管代码(C++/CLI)中使用它。有时会出现“访问冲突错误”。这使整个应用程序崩溃。我知道我无法处理这些错误[如果指针访问非法内存位置等，
c# - C#、C/C++ 或 Objective-C 中的眼动追踪库
关闭。这个问题不符合Stack Overflow guidelines .它目前不接受答案。我们不允许提问寻求书籍、工具、软件库等的推荐。您可以编辑问题，以便用事实和引用来回答。关闭 7 年前。
c++ - C/C++/Objective-C 文本识别库
已关闭。此问题不符合Stack Overflow guidelines 。目前不接受答案。要求我们推荐或查找工具、库或最喜欢的场外资源的问题对于 Stack Overflow 来说是偏离主题的，因为
c# - 将 C/C++ 函数导入 C#
我有一些 C 代码，将使用 P/Invoke 从 C# 调用。我正在尝试为这个 C 函数定义一个 C# 等效项。 SomeData* DoSomething(); struct SomeData {
c - C语言中 "c -= --c - c++;"的结果应该是什么？
这个问题已经有答案了: Why are these constructs using pre and post-increment undefined behavior? (14 个回答) 已关闭 6

行者123

个人简介

我是一名优秀的程序员,十分优秀！

作者热门文章

滴滴打车优惠券免费领取

全站热门文章

首页

博学

6Ren·AI

商城

c - 与 Codex C 交换结构体中的单词