c - 将文本文件的第一个和第二个单词存储到两个数组中的最佳方法

Question

我正在为一个程序编写代码。它将包含三个文本文件:-list1.txt 有一列单词，例如:

Cat 
Dog
Fish 
Computers

-change.txt 有两列文本，例如

Dog  Marbles
Computers Store

-list2.txt 为空

程序将获取list.txt，并将其单词存储在list2.txt中，只有当某个单词是更改中的第一列单词时，它才会存储第二列中的单词。这样，当程序编译时，list2.txt 将如下所示:

Cat 
Marbles
Fish 
Store

我想到的方法是创建两个字符数组，一个用于第一列单词，第二个用于......好吧，第二个。然后编写一个漂亮的 if 并写入第二个值(如果为 true)。问题是我无法找到一种将这些单词正确存储在数组中的好方法。

这是我现在的代码:

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

int main()
{
    ///////////OPENING THE TEXT FILES
FILE *sp ;
sp= fopen("list.txt", "r");
if(sp==NULL){
printf("can't open list");
exit(1);
}

FILE *change;
change = fopen("change.txt", "r");
if(change==NULL){
printf("can't open change");
exit(1);
}

FILE *sp2;
sp2 = fopen("list.txt", "w");
if(sp2==NULL){
printf("can't open list2");
exit(1);
}

char word[100]; 
char key[20]; //the char array for the element TO replace
char mod[20]; //the char array for the element TO BE replaced

while(fscanf(sp, "%s", word)==1){
    fprintf(sp2, "%s\n", word);} //the copy machine

fclose(sp);
fclose(sp2);
return 0;
}

如有任何帮助，我们将不胜感激。

Answer 1

它使用一个数组来存储最多 10 行、2 个最多 19 个字符的字。将#define LINE 10 中的 10 更改为更大的数字以处理更多行。对于超过几百行，请考虑为change.txt单词对动态分配内存。
从change.txt 文件中读取单词对后，将逐字读取list1.txt 文件。将每个单词与变化单词对的第一个单词进行比较。如果找到匹配项，则存储匹配项的索引并用于将该对的第二个单词打印到 list2.txt 文件中。

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

#define LINE 10
#define WORDLEN 20

int main()
{
    //array for list of words up to LINE lines, two words of up to WORDLEN characters
    char acChange[LINE][2][WORDLEN] = {{{0}}};
    char word[WORDLEN] = {0};
    int line = 0;
    int each = 0;
    int match = 0;
    FILE *list1 = NULL;
    FILE *list2 = NULL;
    FILE *change = NULL;

    if ( ( change = fopen ( "change.txt", "r")) == NULL) {
        printf ( "could not open change.txt\n");
        return 1;
    }

    while ( ( fscanf ( change, "%19s", word)) == 1) {//read the pairs of words
        strcpy ( acChange[line][each], word);
        each++;
        if ( each == 2) {//got second word, advance to next line
            each = 0;
            line++;
        }
        if ( line >= LINE) {//do not go beyond array dimension
            break;
        }
    }

    fclose ( change);

    if ( ( list1 = fopen ( "list1.txt", "r")) == NULL) {//open list1 for reading
        printf ( "could not open list1.txt\n");
        return 1;
    }

    if ( ( list2 = fopen ( "list2.txt", "w")) == NULL) {//open list2 for writing
        printf ( "could not create list2.txt\n");
        return 1;
    }

    while ( ( fscanf ( list1, "%19s", word)) == 1) {//read a word
        match = -1;
        for ( each = 0; each < line; each++) {
            if ( strcmp ( acChange[each][0], word) == 0) {// is it in the change array
                match = each;//save the index
                break;
            }
        }
        if ( match == -1) {
            fprintf ( list2, "%s\n", word);//not in the change array
        }
        else {
            fprintf ( list2, "%s\n", acChange[match][1]);//write the second word to the file
        }
    }

    fclose ( list1);
    fclose ( list2);

    return 0;
}