c - 使用 cmake 链接 DX10

Question

我正在尝试编译这个:

#define COBJMACROS

#include <windows.h>
#include <d3d10.h>
#include <d3dx10.h>

HWND                    g_hWnd = NULL;
ID3D10Device*           g_pd3dDevice = NULL;
IDXGISwapChain*         g_pSwapChain = NULL;
ID3D10RenderTargetView* g_pRenderTargetView = NULL;

LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND hwnd, UINT uMsg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
    switch(uMsg) {
    case WM_CLOSE:
        DestroyWindow(hwnd);
    break;
    case WM_DESTROY:
        PostQuitMessage(0);
    break;
    default:
        return DefWindowProc(hwnd, uMsg, wParam, lParam);
    }

    return 0;
}

const char lpszClassName[] = "TutorialWindowClass";

HRESULT InitWindow(HINSTANCE hInstance,int nCmdShow )
{
    HWND hwnd;
    WNDCLASSEX wcex;

    wcex.cbSize = sizeof( WNDCLASSEX );
    wcex.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW;
    wcex.lpfnWndProc = WndProc;
    wcex.cbClsExtra = 0;
    wcex.cbWndExtra = 0;
    wcex.hInstance = hInstance;
    wcex.hIcon = LoadIcon(NULL, IDI_APPLICATION);;
    wcex.hCursor = LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_ARROW);
    wcex.hbrBackground = ( HBRUSH )( COLOR_WINDOW + 1 );
    wcex.lpszMenuName = NULL;
    wcex.lpszClassName = lpszClassName;
    wcex.hIconSm = LoadIcon(NULL, IDI_APPLICATION);

    if(!RegisterClassEx( &wcex ))
        return E_FAIL;

    g_hWnd = CreateWindow(
        lpszClassName,
        "DX10 TUT0: CreateWindow",
        WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW,
        CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT, // starting coordinates, Windows decide
        640, 480, // window size
        NULL,
        NULL,
        hInstance,
        NULL
    );

    if(!g_hWnd)
        return E_FAIL;

    ShowWindow(hwnd, nCmdShow);

    return S_OK;
}

HRESULT InitDevice()
{
    HRESULT hr = S_OK;
    RECT rc;
    UINT width;
    UINT height;
    DXGI_SWAP_CHAIN_DESC sd;
    ID3D10Resource* pBackBuffer;
    D3D10_VIEWPORT vp;

    GetClientRect(g_hWnd, &rc);
    width = rc.right - rc.left;
    height = rc.bottom - rc.top;

    ZeroMemory(&sd, sizeof(sd));
    sd.BufferCount = 1;
    sd.BufferDesc.Width = width;
    sd.BufferDesc.Height = height;
    sd.BufferDesc.Format = DXGI_FORMAT_R8G8B8A8_UNORM;
    sd.BufferDesc.RefreshRate.Numerator = 60;
    sd.BufferDesc.RefreshRate.Denominator = 1;
    sd.BufferUsage = DXGI_USAGE_RENDER_TARGET_OUTPUT;
    sd.OutputWindow = g_hWnd;
    sd.SampleDesc.Count = 1;
    sd.SampleDesc.Quality = 0;
    sd.Windowed = TRUE;

    hr = D3D10CreateDeviceAndSwapChain(
        NULL,
        D3D10_DRIVER_TYPE_HARDWARE,
        NULL,
        0,
        D3D10_SDK_VERSION,
        &sd,
        &g_pSwapChain,
        &g_pd3dDevice
    );

    if (FAILED(hr))
        return hr;


    hr = IDXGISwapChain_GetBuffer(g_pSwapChain, 0, &IID_ID3D10Texture2D, ( LPVOID* )&pBackBuffer);

    if( FAILED( hr ) )
        return hr;

    hr = ID3D10Device_CreateRenderTargetView(g_pd3dDevice, pBackBuffer, NULL, &g_pRenderTargetView);

    ID3D10Resource_Release(pBackBuffer);

    if( FAILED( hr ) )
        return hr;

    ID3D10Device_OMSetRenderTargets(g_pd3dDevice, 1, &g_pRenderTargetView, NULL);

    // Setup the viewport

    vp.Width = width;
    vp.Height = height;
    vp.MinDepth = 0.0f;
    vp.MaxDepth = 1.0f;
    vp.TopLeftX = 0;
    vp.TopLeftY = 0;

    ID3D10Device_RSSetViewports(g_pd3dDevice, 1, &vp);

    return S_OK;

}

int WINAPI WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance, LPSTR lpCmdLine, int nCmdShow)
{
    MSG msg;

    if(FAILED(InitWindow(hInstance, nCmdShow)))
        return 0;


    // Main message loop

    while( GetMessage( &msg, NULL, 0, 0 ) )
    {
        TranslateMessage( &msg );
        DispatchMessage( &msg );
    }

    return ( int )msg.wParam;
}

它是 C 代码(不是 C++)。它应该使用 DirectX 10 创建 direct3d 设备。我正在使用 cmake 作为我的构建系统。这是我的 CMakeLists 文件:

cmake_minimum_required (VERSION 2.6)
project (DXTUTS C)

include_directories("C:/Program Files (x86)/Microsoft DirectX SDK (August 2009)/Include")
link_directories("C:/Program Files (x86)/Microsoft DirectX SDK (August 2009)/Lib/x86")

add_executable(tut1 WIN32 tut1.c)
target_link_libraries(tut1 d3d10 d3dx10)

但是，当我尝试编译时，出现以下链接器错误:

[ 50%] Linking C executable tut1.exe
tut1.c.obj : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol IID_ID3D10Texture2D
tut1.c.obj : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol D3D10CreateDeviceAndSwapC
hain referenced in function InitDevice
tut1.exe : fatal error LNK1120: 2 unresolved externals
LINK Pass 1 failed. with 1120
NMAKE : fatal error U1077: '"C:\Program Files (x86)\CMake\bin\cmake.exe"' : return code '0xffffffff'
Stop.
NMAKE : fatal error U1077: '"C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 10.0\VC\Bin\amd64\nmake.exe"' : return code '0x2'
Stop.
NMAKE : fatal error U1077: '"C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 10.0\VC\Bin\amd64\nmake.exe"' : return code '0x2'
Stop.

如何使用 DirectX SDK 成功链接此 C 代码？

Answer 1

具体问题:

1. 您指向 Lib/x86 库目录，但针对 x64 架构进行编译(我可以通过 ...Bin\amd64\nmake.exe< 的路径看到它)。您应该删除 CMake 缓存(在 cmake-gui 中:菜单"file"->“删除缓存”)并重新配置 Visual Studio 10 2010，而不是 Visual Studio 10 2010 Win64。或者，您可以将链接器指向 Lib/x64 目录。

2. 您缺少 dxguid 库:

   target_link_libraries(tut1 d3d10 d3dx10 dxguid)
   

奖金:

2015 年学习 DirectX 10 没有任何意义，它已经过时了。相反，请学习 DirectX 11:它是相同的 API，但具有更多功能。

DirectX SDK 已过时，并且(Microsoft)不鼓励使用它。最新版本于 2010 年 6 月发布，您使用的是更旧的版本(2009 年 8 月)。自版本 8 起，Microsoft 已将 DirectX SDK 与 Windows SDK 合并。请参阅 this answer了解详情。

在 2015 年使用 Visual Studio 2010 已经没有任何意义了。它已经快 6 岁了，而且不支持许多现代 C 和 C++ 功能(这意味着您没有机会学习它们)。使用 Visual Studio 2015。Community edition非商业用途免费。您还将获得完整的套件和 Windows SDK(只是不要忘记在安装过程中标记“C++ 开发工具”)。

对于 DirectX 项目使用 CMake 等跨平台构建系统是没有意义的。无论如何，DirectX 仅适用于 Windows 平台。