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javascript - 递归遍历 HTML DOM 并打印属性

转载 作者:行者123 更新时间:2023-11-30 16:12:04 38 4
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我正在尝试递归遍历 HTML 文档的 DOM 并打印节点的名称,同时使用缩进来标识子节点。我修改了一个 w3schools 代码示例,结果如下:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title> Test Example </title>
</head>
<body>

<p>Click the button to get the node names of the body element's child nodes.</p>

<button onclick="myFunction(document.documentElement)">Try it</button>

<p><strong>Note:</strong> Whitespace inside elements is considered as #text, and text is considered as nodes.</p>

<!-- My personal comment goes here.. -->

<div><strong>Note:</strong> Comments in the document are considered as #comments, and comments are also considered as nodes.</div>

<p id="demo"></p>

<script>
function myFunction(node) {
indent = "";
txt = node.nodeName + "<br>";
document.write(txt);
var c = node.childNodes;
var i;
for (i = 0; i < c.length; i++) {
myFunction(c[i], indent);
}
}

function myFunction(node, indent) {
var indent = indent + " ";
txt = indent + node.nodeName + "<br>";
document.write(txt);
var c = node.childNodes;
var i;
for (i = 0; i < c.length; i++) {
txt = c[i].nodeName + "<br>";
myFunction(c[i], indent);
}
}
</script>

</body>
</html>

我得到的结果是:

undefined HTML
undefined HEAD
undefined #text
undefined TITLE
undefined #text
undefined #text
undefined #text
undefined BODY
undefined #text
undefined P
undefined #text
undefined #text
undefined BUTTON
undefined #text
undefined #text
undefined P
undefined STRONG
undefined #text
undefined #text
undefined #text
undefined #comment
undefined #text
undefined DIV
undefined STRONG
undefined #text
undefined #text
undefined #text
undefined P
undefined #text
undefined SCRIPT
undefined #text
undefined #text

所以我有几个问题1) 为什么不打印带有节点名称的缩进值,而是打印 undefined?2) 如果我只询问节点名称,为什么还要打印#text 和#comments 行?

我对 HTML 和 javascript 很陌生,所以任何见解都会有所帮助

编辑

我解决了第二个问题,但我的第一个问题仍然存在。我的脚本现在看起来像

<script>
function myFunction(node) {
var indent = "";
txt = node.nodeName + "<br>";
document.write(txt);
var c = node.children;
var i;
for (i = 0; i < c.length; i++) {
myFunction(c[i], indent);
}
}

function myFunction(node, indent) {
indent = indent + " ";
txt = indent + node.nodeName + "<br>";
txt = txt.replace(/ /g, '&nbsp;');
document.write(txt);
var c = node.children;
var i;
for (i = 0; i < c.length; i++) {
txt = c[i].nodeName + "<br>";
myFunction(c[i], indent);
}
}

and my output looks like

undefined HTML
undefined HEAD
undefined TITLE
undefined BODY
undefined P
undefined BUTTON
undefined P
undefined STRONG
undefined DIV
undefined STRONG
undefined P
undefined SCRIPT

我显然还遗漏了什么,但我不明白是什么

编辑2

感谢下面的帮助,我弄清楚了我在第二个 myfunction(现在称为 myfunction1)循环中调用错误函数的问题

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title> Test Example </title>
</head>
<body>

<p>Click the button to get the node names of the body element's child nodes.</p>

<button onclick="myFunction(document.documentElement)">Try it</button>

<p><strong>Note:</strong> Whitespace inside elements is considered as #text, and text is considered as nodes.</p>

<!-- My personal comment goes here.. -->

<div><strong>Note:</strong> Comments in the document are considered as #comments, and comments are also considered as nodes.</div>

<p id="demo"></p>

<script>
function myFunction(node) {
var indent = "";
var txt = node.nodeName + "<br>";
document.write(txt);
var c = node.children;
var i;
for (i = 0; i < c.length; i++) {
myFunction1(c[i], indent);
}
}

function myFunction1(node, indent) {
indent = indent + " ";
txt = indent + node.nodeName + "<br>";
txt = txt.replace(/ /g, '&nbsp;');
document.write(txt);
var c = node.children;
var i;
for (i = 0; i < c.length; i++) {
txt = c[i].nodeName + "<br>";
myFunction1(c[i], indent);
}
}
</script>

</body>
</html>

现在输出

HTML
HEAD
TITLE
BODY
P
BUTTON
P
STRONG
DIV
STRONG
P
SCRIPT

最佳答案

1) why is it not printing the indent value with the node name and instead printing undefined?

您有 2 个同名函数,请确保您运行的是正确的函数并提供正确的参数。从更新的输出中,您可以使用这样的代码在第一次调用时将 indent 初始化为空字符串。

function myFunction(node, indent) {
indent = (indent || "") + " ";

2) why is it printing the #text and #comments lines as well if I'm only asking for the nodes name?

因为这些也是节点(并且它们有名称),并且您没有在代码中过滤掉它们。考虑仅通过元素递归,而不是所有 DOM 节点,如果您想排除它们,则使用 .children 而不是 .childNodes

关于javascript - 递归遍历 HTML DOM 并打印属性,我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/36098066/

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