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c - struct 存储用户输入数据和 qsort 输出

转载 作者:行者123 更新时间:2023-11-30 15:55:31 25 4
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错误sort_structs_time。使用struct和qsort接受和存储用户输入的程序;名字、姓氏、国家/地区和时间。应使用 qsort 按时对输出进行排序,例如

输入

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输出

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#include <stdio.h> 
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>

struct olympics {
//char athlete[25];
char fname[15];
char lname[15];
char country[5];
float time;
};

/* qsort struct comparision function (time float field) */
int struct_cmp_by_time(const void *a, const void *b)
{
struct olympics *ia = (struct olympics *)a;
struct olympics *ib = (struct olympics *)b;
return (int)(60.f*ia->time - 60.f*ib->time);
}

/* struct array printing function */
void print_struct_array(struct olympics *array, size_t len)
{
size_t i;

for(i=0; i<len; i++)
printf("%s %s %s \t %.2f\n", array[i].fname, array[i].lname, array[i].country, array[i].time);

puts("****");
}

/* sorting structs using qsort() */
void sort_structs_time(void)
{
struct olympics structs[] = {
scanf("%s %s %s %.2f\n", fname, lname, country, &time)
};

size_t structs_len = sizeof(structs) / sizeof(struct olympics);

puts("**** Athletes finishing time...");

/* print original struct array */
print_struct_array(structs, structs_len);

/* sort array using qsort functions */
qsort(structs, structs_len, sizeof(struct olympics), struct_cmp_by_time);

/* print sorted struct array */
print_struct_array(structs, structs_len);
}


/* call to the function) */
int main()
{
/* run the function */
sort_structs_time();
return 0;
}

最佳答案

您需要对 sort_structs_timestruct_cmp_by_time 函数进行一些更改。很明显,您还没有理解 C 结构体和矩阵,因此请对此主题进行复习。

int struct_cmp_by_time(const void *a, const void *b) 
{
struct olympics *ia = (struct olympics *)a;
struct olympics *ib = (struct olympics *)b;

if (ia->time < ib->time) return -1;
else if (ia->time == ib->time) return 0;
else return 1;
}

参见this qsort 文档并查看其中提供的比较函数。

void sort_structs_time() 
{
int i, ath_num;

struct olympics *ath_recs;

printf("For how many athletes do you want to insert their records? \n");
scanf("%d", &ath_num);

ath_recs = (struct olympics *) malloc(ath_num*sizeof(struct olympics));

printf("Please insert athletes records. \n");
printf("type a random string and press ENTER when you done. \n");
for(i = 0; i < ath_num; i++){
scanf("%s %s %s %f\n", ath_recs[i].fname, ath_recs[i].lname, ath_recs[i].country, &ath_recs[i].time);
//Don't put %.2f on scanf!!!
//Also, note that the fname, lname, country and time are struct fields,
//so you have to access them this way.
}


puts("**** Athletes finishing time...");

/* print original struct array */
print_struct_array(ath_recs, ath_num);

/* sort array using qsort function */
qsort(ath_recs, (size_t) ath_num, sizeof(struct olympics), struct_cmp_by_time);

/* print sorted struct array */
print_struct_array(ath_recs, ath_num);
}

还有其他方法可以纠正您的代码。我只是觉得这更容易理解。

在我看来,时间的更好表示是这样的:

struct time{
int mins;
int secs;
int fsecs;
}

这样你就可以这样打印时间:

printf("%d:%d,%d\n", mins, secs, fsecs);

(如果使用这种表示方式,则必须更改程序中与时间相关的部分,即比较函数。)

关于c - struct 存储用户输入数据和 qsort 输出,我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/12109654/

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