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c - Arduino (AVR ATMega328) Timer1 似乎没有在正确的时间触发

转载 作者:行者123 更新时间:2023-11-30 15:42:30 25 4
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我正在尝试实现Binary Code Modulation (也称为位角调制,BAM),由于 Arduino 上的 PWM 引脚数量最少,因此可以作为 PWM 的替代方案。使用 BAM 背后的想法是 LED 将在离散的时间内打开和关闭,从而有效地控制 LED 的亮度。这个“时间”是由字节中相应的位值决定的。

例如,如果设置为值 85(共 255 个),即二进制的 01010101,这意味着 LED 将交替打开和关闭状态,但时间长度不同。第 0 位“1”表示 LED 将亮起 1 个滴答,而第 6 位“0”表示 LED 将关闭 32 个滴答,依此类推。目标是使 LED 的切换速度足够快,达到人眼不会注意到的程度,从而根据值产生亮度错觉。值越高,LED 颜色越亮。

在实现此操作时,我注意到可以看到 LED 上的刷新率。我可以看到 LED 何时亮起以及何时关闭。它似乎每半秒切换一次端口。由于我没有示波器,所以无需等待即可知道。我在 Arduino 上使用 Timer1 每 8 微秒 (125KHz) 中断一次。每个中断都会更新连接到 LED 的 PIN 的状态(无论 LED 是打开还是关闭)。

我尝试使用 Timer1 library 来执行此操作,并通过寄存器,但两者似乎都会产生错误的结果。目前,我的代码正在切换一个引脚。如果中断正常工作正常(每 8us 更新一次),那么我应该会看到蓝色 LED(连接到引脚 8)每次滴答都会切换状态。我的眼睛应该看到的只是 LED 亮起。

注意:在 Timer1 lib 和寄存器之间切换时,我的 ISR 只是名称发生变化。请参阅代码中的注释。

有人可以看看我的计时器实现吗?我感觉这可能就是问题所在,但我无法弄清楚。

    #include <TimerOne.h>
#include <SPI.h>
#include "avr/io.h"
#include "LEDArray.h"

#define TIMER_US (8) //125KHz in microseconds
#define NUM_OF_LEDS ((LEDS_PER_ROW)*(LEDS_PER_COL))
#define LEDS_PER_ROW (8)
#define LEDS_PER_COL (8)

volatile byte BAM_pos = 0;
volatile byte BAM_tick = 0;

// OutputDataH, OutputDataM, and OutputDataL
// totals to 24 bits. There are 24 pins
// that I need to shift data to. These three variables
// will hold the data value corresponding to the associated
// bit level
volatile byte OutputDataH = 0;
volatile byte OutputDataM = 0;
volatile byte OutputDataL = 0;
//bool UpdateLedOutput = 1;

volatile byte green = 0;
volatile byte blue = 0;

void InitTimer(){
TCCR1A = 0;
TCCR1B = 0;
TCNT1 = 0;

OCR1A = 127; // compare match register == 16MHz/((prescalar=1)*125KHz) - 1
TCCR1B |= (1 << WGM21); // CTC mode
TCCR1B |= (1<<CS20); // 1x prescaler
TIMSK1 |= (1 << OCIE1A); // enable timer compare interrupt
}

void InitPins(){
// initialize the digital pin as an output.
SHIFT_REGISTER |= (DATA | CLOCK | SS );
// set control pins as low
SHIFT_PORT &= ~(DATA | LATCH | CLOCK);

// initialize the led pins for testing
pinMode(4, OUTPUT);
pinMode(8, OUTPUT);
}

ISR(TIMER0_COMPA_vect){
//void timerISR(){ //use this with Timer1 Library instead
//ISR(TIMER1_COMPA_vect){
//Move onto next bit, reset BAM state
if(BAM_tick >= 120){ //8 + 16 + 32 + 64
BAM_tick = 0;
BAM_pos = 0;
}

// Move onto the next bit at these ticks. Ticks are in 8 microsecond increments
if(BAM_tick==8 || BAM_tick == 24 || BAM_tick == 56){
BAM_pos++;
}

BAM_pos %= 4; //wrap counter after going through four bits

// if(UpdateLedOutput){ Change the LED state only when the bit position is updated

//For every LED, look at enabled bit, if true determine corresponding LEDs_Output bits through the LEDs rgb values
//There are 3 groups of LEDs, each using 1 byte (8 bits -> 8 pins)
//We, therefore, have a HIGH, MIDDLE, and LOW byte values that we will shift out
for(int i=0; i<8; i++){
if( ((ledOutput.all) & (1<<i))){
//ledOutput.all is of size 24 bits. each bit tells us whether the pin should be enabled for this tick or not
OutputDataH |= (1<<i);
}
}
for(int i=8; i<16; i++){
if( ((ledOutput.all) & (1<<i))){
OutputDataM |= (1<<i);
}
}
for(int i=16; i<24; i++){
if( ((ledOutput.all) & (1<<i))){
OutputDataL |= (1<<i);
}
}

UpdateLedOutput = 0;
// }

//Update LED OUTPUT after we have reach the end of the bits time
// if(BAM_tick==8 || BAM_tick == 24 || BAM_tick == 56){
// UpdateLedOutput = 1;
// }

//Consume the tick
BAM_tick++;

//Shift out the data
/*Latch_Low();
sendData(OutputDataH);
sendData(OutputDataM);
sendData(OutputDataL);
Latch_High();
Latch_Low();
*/


//different shifting data
/*
if(green & (1<<BAM_pos))
//PORTD |= (1<<PORTD4);
digitalWrite(4, LOW);
else
digitalWrite(4, HIGH);
//PORTD &= (0<<PORTD4);

if(blue & (1<<BAM_pos))
//PORTB |= (1<<PORTB0);
digitalWrite(8, LOW);
else
digitalWrite(8, HIGH);//PORTB &= (0<<PORTB0);
*/
digitalWrite(8, digitalRead(8) ^1);
}




void setup() {
InitData();
InitPins();
InitTimer();
//Timer1.initialize(TIMER_US);
//Timer1.attachInterrupt(timerISR);
EnableSPI(); //Enable SPI as Master
Serial.begin(9600);
}


void loop() {
// do almost nothing!
while(1){
PulseThroughColors();
}
}

//This should slowly increase the brightness of the corresponding pin on the RGB LED
// Blue should increase brightness, and then decrease it in the opposite manner, indefinitely
void PulseThroughColors(){
blue = 0;
green = 0;
int i=0;
for(i=0; i< 255; i++)
blue = i;
for (i=255; i>0; i--)
blue = 0;
//for(i=0; i< 255; i++)
// green = i;
//for (i=255; i>0; i--)
// green = 0;
}

最佳答案

所以我的代码中有两个错误。首先,我将计数器调高至 250KHz(4us)中断。其次,我设置 BAM 级别(接近 ISR 末尾)的方式不正确。我忘记了我有一个共阳极 LED,这意味着为了打开某种颜色,我必须将相应的引脚设置为低电平,而不是如我的示例中所示的高电平。固定段位于下方。谢谢所有看过这篇文章的人。

void InitTimer(){
TCCR1A = 0;
TCCR1B = 0;
TCNT1 = 0;

TCCR1A = B00000000;
TCCR1B = B00001011;
OCR1A=30;
TIMSK1 = B00000010;
}

ISR(...){
........
if(green & (1<<BAM_pos))
PORTD &= ~(1<<PORTD4);
else
PORTD |= (1<<PORTD4);

if(blue & (1<<BAM_pos))
PORTB &= ~(1<<PORTB0);
else
PORTB |= (1<<PORTB0);
}

关于c - Arduino (AVR ATMega328) Timer1 似乎没有在正确的时间触发,我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/20131002/

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