c# - 使用 JsonConvert.DeserializeObject 反序列化派生对象列表

Question

我有这个对象

public class ConversationAPI
{
    [JsonProperty(PropertyName = "lU")]
    public DateTime LastUpdated { get; set; }

    [JsonProperty(PropertyName = "m", TypeNameHandling = TypeNameHandling.All)]
    public List<Message> Messages { get; set; }
}

我从 API 作为 json 发送，并在我的客户端应用程序中反序列化。

The List<Message> Messages property contains either 

 [Serializable]
    public class Message
    {
        [JsonProperty(PropertyName = "t")]
        public string Text { get; set; }

        [JsonProperty(PropertyName = "ty")]
        public MessageType Type { get; set; }
    }

或

[Serializable]
    public class DerivedMessage : Message
    {
        [JsonProperty(PropertyName = "sos")]
        public string SomeOtherStuff{ get; set; }
    }

我似乎无法反序列化派生类型数组。这个我试过了

var settings = new JsonSerializerSettings
                    {
                        TypeNameHandling = TypeNameHandling.All,
                        TypeNameAssemblyFormat = System.Runtime.Serialization.Formatters.FormatterAssemblyStyle.Full
                    };
var conversation = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<ConversationResponse>(response.Content, settings);

我希望 List Messages 同时具有 Message 和 DerivedMessage 对象。

有什么想法吗？谢谢

Answer 1

找到解决方案。我使用了自定义转换器

public class MessageConverter : JsonCreationConverter<ConversationAPI.Message>
{
    private const string SomeOtherStuffField = "sos";

    protected override ConversationAPI.Message Create(Type objectType, JObject jObject)
    {
        if (FieldExists(SomeOtherStuffField , jObject))
        {
            return new ConversationAPI.DerivedMessage ();
        }

        return new ConversationAPI.Message();
    }

    private bool FieldExists(string fieldName, JObject jObject)
    {
        return jObject[fieldName] != null;
    }
}

public abstract class JsonCreationConverter<T> : JsonConverter
{
    /// <summary>
    /// Create an instance of objectType, based properties in the JSON object
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="objectType">type of object expected</param>
    /// <param name="jObject">contents of JSON object that will be deserialized</param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    protected abstract T Create(Type objectType, JObject jObject);

    public override bool CanConvert(Type objectType)
    {
        return typeof(T).IsAssignableFrom(objectType);
    }

    public override object ReadJson(JsonReader reader, Type objectType, object existingValue, JsonSerializer serializer)
    {
        // Load JObject from stream
        JObject jObject = JObject.Load(reader);

        // Create target object based on JObject
        T target = Create(objectType, jObject);

        // Populate the object properties
        serializer.Populate(jObject.CreateReader(), target);

        return target;
    }

    public override void WriteJson(JsonWriter writer, object value, JsonSerializer serializer)
    {
        throw new NotImplementedException();
    }
}

你可以这样使用它:

var jsonText = "{a string of json to convert}"
JsonConverter[] conv = new JsonConverter[] { new MessageConverter() };
var jsonResponse = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<ConversationAPI>(jsonText, conv);