c# - ASP.NET Identity 2.0 Roles.IsUserInRole 给出 {"Invalid object name ' dbo.aspnet_SchemaVersions'."} 异常

Question

我使用 ASP.NET Identity 2.0，我想确定登录的用户是否属于“admin”角色。在我的种子方法中，我创建了 3 个不同的角色，如下所示:

var store = new UserStore<ApplicationUser>(context);
               var userManager = new ApplicationUserManager(store);
               var roleManager = new RoleManager<IdentityRole>(new RoleStore<IdentityRole>(context));

               string roleName = "admin";
               if (!roleManager.RoleExists(roleName))
               {
                   roleManager.Create(new IdentityRole(roleName));
               }
               roleName = "superuser";
               if (!roleManager.RoleExists(roleName))
               {
                   roleManager.Create(new IdentityRole(roleName));
               }
               roleName = "user";
               if (!roleManager.RoleExists(roleName))
               {
                   roleManager.Create(new IdentityRole(roleName));
               }


               var user = new ApplicationUser() { Email = "nsg@gmail.com", UserName = "Niclas" };
               userManager.Create(user, "123456");
               userManager.AddToRole(user.Id, "Admin");

取决于用户是否是管理员，他需要在导航栏中看到不同的链接，所以我编写了这段代码:

        <div class="navbar navbar-inverse navbar-fixed-top">
        <div class="container">
            <div class="navbar-header">
                <button type="button" class="navbar-toggle" data-toggle="collapse" data-target=".navbar-collapse">
                    <span class="icon-bar"></span>
                    <span class="icon-bar"></span>
                    <span class="icon-bar"></span>
                </button>
                @Html.ActionLink("Lenio", "Index", "Home", new { area = "" }, new { @class = "navbar-brand" })
            </div>
            <div class="navbar-collapse collapse">
                <ul class="nav navbar-nav">
                    @if (Roles.IsUserInRole(User.Identity.Name,"admin"))
                    {
                        <li>@Html.ActionLink("Admins", "Index", "Admins")</li>
                        <li>@Html.ActionLink("SuperUsers", "Index", "SuperUsers")</li>
                        <li>@Html.ActionLink("Users", "Index", "Users")</li>
                        <li>@Html.ActionLink("Areas", "Index", "Areas")</li>
                        <li>@Html.ActionLink("CDs", "Index", "CommunicationDevices")</li>
                        <li>@Html.ActionLink("Houses", "Index", "Houses")</li>
                        <li>@Html.ActionLink("Lendings", "Index", "Lendings")</li>
                        <li>@Html.ActionLink("Logs", "Index", "Logs")</li>
                        <li>@Html.ActionLink("Sensors", "Index", "Sensors")</li>
                    }
                    @if (User.IsInRole("user"))
                    {
                        <li>@Html.ActionLink("User", "Index", "Din bruger")</li>
                    }
                    <li>@Html.ActionLink("Home", "Index", "Home")</li>
                    <li>@Html.ActionLink("About", "About", "Home")</li>
                    <li>@Html.ActionLink("Contact", "Contact", "Home")</li>
                </ul>
                @Html.Partial("_LoginPartial")
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>

问题是，当代码到达 @if (Roles.IsUserInRole(User.Identity.Name,"admin")) 部分时，我得到一个 {"Invalid object name ' dbo.aspnet_SchemaVersions'。” 异常。我的数据库中没有 aspnet_SchemaVersions 表，我也不需要它。这是与我拥有的身份相关的表格的图片:

数据库托管在 azure 上。

更新

DavidG 发布了一个解决初始问题的答案，但没有解决我无法使用的问题:

[Authorize(Roles = "admin")]

我需要能够使用这个属性，但我不能，因为我得到这个异常:

> [SqlException (0x80131904): Invalid object name 'dbo.aspnet_SchemaVersions'.]
   System.Data.SqlClient.SqlConnection.OnError(SqlException exception, Boolean breakConnection, Action`1 wrapCloseInAction) +1789294
   System.Data.SqlClient.SqlInternalConnection.OnError(SqlException exception, Boolean breakConnection, Action`1 wrapCloseInAction) +5340642
   System.Data.SqlClient.TdsParser.ThrowExceptionAndWarning(TdsParserStateObject stateObj, Boolean callerHasConnectionLock, Boolean asyncClose) +244
   System.Data.SqlClient.TdsParser.TryRun(RunBehavior runBehavior, SqlCommand cmdHandler, SqlDataReader dataStream, BulkCopySimpleResultSet bulkCopyHandler, TdsParserStateObject stateObj, Boolean& dataReady) +1691
   System.Data.SqlClient.SqlCommand.FinishExecuteReader(SqlDataReader ds, RunBehavior runBehavior, String resetOptionsString) +275
   System.Data.SqlClient.SqlCommand.RunExecuteReaderTds(CommandBehavior cmdBehavior, RunBehavior runBehavior, Boolean returnStream, Boolean async, Int32 timeout, Task& task, Boolean asyncWrite, SqlDataReader ds) +1421
   System.Data.SqlClient.SqlCommand.RunExecuteReader(CommandBehavior cmdBehavior, RunBehavior runBehavior, Boolean returnStream, String method, TaskCompletionSource`1 completion, Int32 timeout, Task& task, Boolean asyncWrite) +177
   System.Data.SqlClient.SqlCommand.InternalExecuteNonQuery(TaskCompletionSource`1 completion, String methodName, Boolean sendToPipe, Int32 timeout, Boolean asyncWrite) +208
   System.Data.SqlClient.SqlCommand.ExecuteNonQuery() +163
   System.Web.Util.SecUtility.CheckSchemaVersion(ProviderBase provider, SqlConnection connection, String[] features, String version, Int32& schemaVersionCheck) +392
   System.Web.Security.SqlRoleProvider.CheckSchemaVersion(SqlConnection connection) +64
   System.Web.Security.SqlRoleProvider.GetRolesForUser(String username) +753
   System.Web.Security.RolePrincipal.IsInRole(String role) +9625099
   System.Linq.Enumerable.Any(IEnumerable`1 source, Func`2 predicate) +146
   System.Web.Mvc.AuthorizeAttribute.AuthorizeCore(HttpContextBase httpContext) +333
   System.Web.Mvc.AuthorizeAttribute.OnAuthorization(AuthorizationContext filterContext) +379
   System.Web.Mvc.ControllerActionInvoker.InvokeAuthorizationFilters(ControllerContext controllerContext, IList`1 filters, ActionDescriptor actionDescriptor) +143
   System.Web.Mvc.Async.<>c__DisplayClass21.<BeginInvokeAction>b__19(AsyncCallback asyncCallback, Object asyncState) +1680
   System.Web.Mvc.Async.WrappedAsyncResult`1.CallBeginDelegate(AsyncCallback callback, Object callbackState) +59
   System.Web.Mvc.Async.WrappedAsyncResultBase`1.Begin(AsyncCallback callback, Object state, Int32 timeout) +151
   System.Web.Mvc.Async.AsyncResultWrapper.Begin(AsyncCallback callback, Object state, BeginInvokeDelegate beginDelegate, EndInvokeDelegate`1 endDelegate, Object tag, Int32 timeout) +94
   System.Web.Mvc.Async.AsyncControllerActionInvoker.BeginInvokeAction(ControllerContext controllerContext, String actionName, AsyncCallback callback, Object state) +559
   System.Web.Mvc.Controller.<BeginExecuteCore>b__1c(AsyncCallback asyncCallback, Object asyncState, ExecuteCoreState innerState) +82
   System.Web.Mvc.Async.WrappedAsyncVoid`1.CallBeginDelegate(AsyncCallback callback, Object callbackState) +73
   System.Web.Mvc.Async.WrappedAsyncResultBase`1.Begin(AsyncCallback callback, Object state, Int32 timeout) +151
   System.Web.Mvc.Async.AsyncResultWrapper.Begin(AsyncCallback callback, Object callbackState, BeginInvokeDelegate`1 beginDelegate, EndInvokeVoidDelegate`1 endDelegate, TState invokeState, Object tag, Int32 timeout, SynchronizationContext callbackSyncContext) +105
   System.Web.Mvc.Controller.BeginExecuteCore(AsyncCallback callback, Object state) +588
   System.Web.Mvc.Controller.<BeginExecute>b__14(AsyncCallback asyncCallback, Object callbackState, Controller controller) +47
   System.Web.Mvc.Async.WrappedAsyncVoid`1.CallBeginDelegate(AsyncCallback callback, Object callbackState) +65
   System.Web.Mvc.Async.WrappedAsyncResultBase`1.Begin(AsyncCallback callback, Object state, Int32 timeout) +151
   System.Web.Mvc.Async.AsyncResultWrapper.Begin(AsyncCallback callback, Object callbackState, BeginInvokeDelegate`1 beginDelegate, EndInvokeVoidDelegate`1 endDelegate, TState invokeState, Object tag, Int32 timeout, SynchronizationContext callbackSyncContext) +139
   System.Web.Mvc.Controller.BeginExecute(RequestContext requestContext, AsyncCallback callback, Object state) +484
   System.Web.Mvc.Controller.System.Web.Mvc.Async.IAsyncController.BeginExecute(RequestContext requestContext, AsyncCallback callback, Object state) +50
   System.Web.Mvc.MvcHandler.<BeginProcessRequest>b__4(AsyncCallback asyncCallback, Object asyncState, ProcessRequestState innerState) +98
   System.Web.Mvc.Async.WrappedAsyncVoid`1.CallBeginDelegate(AsyncCallback callback, Object callbackState) +73
   System.Web.Mvc.Async.WrappedAsyncResultBase`1.Begin(AsyncCallback callback, Object state, Int32 timeout) +151
   System.Web.Mvc.Async.AsyncResultWrapper.Begin(AsyncCallback callback, Object callbackState, BeginInvokeDelegate`1 beginDelegate, EndInvokeVoidDelegate`1 endDelegate, TState invokeState, Object tag, Int32 timeout, SynchronizationContext callbackSyncContext) +106
   System.Web.Mvc.MvcHandler.BeginProcessRequest(HttpContextBase httpContext, AsyncCallback callback, Object state) +446
   System.Web.Mvc.MvcHandler.BeginProcessRequest(HttpContext httpContext, AsyncCallback callback, Object state) +88
   System.Web.Mvc.MvcHandler.System.Web.IHttpAsyncHandler.BeginProcessRequest(HttpContext context, AsyncCallback cb, Object extraData) +50
   System.Web.CallHandlerExecutionStep.System.Web.HttpApplication.IExecutionStep.Execute() +301
   System.Web.HttpApplication.ExecuteStep(IExecutionStep step, Boolean& completedSynchronously) +155

Answer 1

此错误的原因是您的应用程序尝试首先使用旧版本的身份进行连接。您不应使用对象的“旧”版本来管理角色。使用新的 UserManager 和 RoleManager 类。

例如:

var store = new UserStore<ApplicationUser>(context);
var userManager = new ApplicationUserManager(store);    

if(userManager.IsInRole(userId, "NameOfRole")
{
    //do stuff
}

要在您的 View 中使用它，您可以创建自己的助手:

namespace MyProject.MyNamespace.MyExtensions
{
    public static class IdentityExtensions
    {
        public static bool IsInIdentityRole(this IPrincipal user, string role)
        {
            var userManager = GetUserManager(); //implement this!
            return userManager.IsInRole(user.Identity.GetUserId(), role); 
        }
    }
}

确保您的 View 了解此命名空间，将此行添加到您的 Views 文件夹中的 web.config 文件中(不是主要的 web.config!):

<add namespace="MyProject.MyNamespace.MyExtensions"/>

然后像这样在你的 View 中使用:

@if (User.IsInIdentityRole("admin"))
{
    <li>@Html.ActionLink("Admins", "Index", "Admins")</li>
}